基于磁阻网络模型与PID控制的电磁作动器气隙自检测技术

在船舶隔振领域,目前大量使用电涡流传感器的做法增加了浮筏隔振系统失效的风险。在得到广泛应用的主被动混合隔振技术中,电磁作动器可被利用于气隙间距自检测技术以降低系统复杂度并可提升作动力输出稳定性。通过对实际作动器建立非线性磁阻网络模型并优化参数,衔铁与铁芯之间的气隙间距、流过线圈的电流与线圈两端电压的关系可以得到正确的描述。进一步,利用PID技术可避开求解非线性方程组的困难而得到气隙间距的估计值,实现浮筏装置各位置上作动器气隙间距测量的功能。     

直线电机牵引模式下5号道岔及小半径曲线轨道铺设技术

由于广州轨道交通四号线采用了先进的直线电机运载系统，该系统能够适应小号码道岔和小半径曲线运行。通过在广州轨道交通四号线车辆段对5号道岔及65m的小半径曲线轨道的研究和铺设实践，以及树脂合成轨枕的引进应用，积累了可供今后建设类似工程借鉴的技术和经验。     

Hydraulic actuation technology for full- and semi-active railway suspensions

The paper describes a simulation study that provides a comprehensive comparison between full-active and semi-active suspensions for improving the vertical ride quality of railway vehicles. It includes an assessment of the ride quality benefits that can theoretically be achieved with idealised devices, and also examines the impact of real devices based upon hydraulic actuation technology.     

Utilisation of optimisation solutions to control active suspension for decreased braking distance

This work deals with how to utilise active suspension on individual vehicle wheels in order to improve the vehicle performance during straight-line braking. Through numerical optimisation, solutions have been found as regards how active suspension should be controlled and coordinated with friction brakes to shorten the braking distance. The results show that, for the studied vehicle, the braking distance can be shortened by more than 1?m when braking from 100?km/h. The applicability of these results is studied by investigating the approach for different vehicle speeds and actuator stroke limitations. It is shown that substantial improvements in the braking distance can also be found for lower velocities, and that the actuator strokes are an important parameter. To investigate the potential of implementing these findings in a real vehicle, a validated detailed vehicle model equipped with active struts is analysed. Simplified control laws, appropriate for on-board implementation and based on knowledge of the optimised solution, are proposed and evaluated. The results show that substantial improvements of the braking ability, and thus safety, can be made using this simplified approach. Particle model simulations have been made to explain the underlying physical mechanisms and limitations of the approach. These results provide valuable guidance on how active suspension can be used to achieve significant improvements in vehicle performance with reasonable complexity and energy consumption.     

On the achievable performance using variable geometry active secondary suspension systems in commercial vehicles

There is a need to further improve driver comfort in commercial vehicles. The variable geometry active suspension offers an interesting option to achieve this in an energy efficient way. However, the optimal control strategy and the overal performance potential remains unclear. The aim of this paper is to quantify the level of performance improvement that can theoretically be obtained by replacing a conventional air sprung cabin suspension design with a variable geometry active suspension. Furthermore, the difference between the use of a linear quadratic (LQ) optimal controller and a classic skyhook controller is investigated. Hereto, an elementary variable geometry actuator model and experimentally validated four degrees of freedom quarter truck model are adopted. The results show that the classic skyhook controller gives a relatively poor performance while a comfort increase of 17–28% can be obtained with the LQ optimal controller, depending on the chosen energy weighting. Furthermore, an additional 75% comfort increase and 77% energy cost reduction can be obtained, with respect to the fixed gain energy optimal controller, using condition-dependent control gains. So, it is concluded that the performance potential using condition-dependent controllers is huge, and that the use of the classic skyhook control strategy should, in general, be avoided when designing active secondary suspensions for commercial vehicles.     

主被动一体化隔振装置设计研究

针对舰艇舱室设备存在的多激励、低频谱振动问题,开展振动主动控制主被动一体化隔振装置研究,为构建基于浮筏隔振设计的主动控制系统奠定了理论和工程基础。首先,基于电磁作动原理初步设计电磁作动器,通过对动子和定子形态及间隙、线圈匝数、倒角形式及大小等进行仿真分析与优化设计;其次,基于COMSOL建模进行电磁特性、发热特性仿真分析;最后,基于浮筏隔振装置隔振、承载及安装需求,设计研制了主被动一体化的隔振装置。试验结果表明:该装置满足次级力源出力特性要求。     

Active control strategy for the running attitude of high-speed train under strong crosswind condition

This paper focuses on the safety of high-speed trains under strong crosswind conditions. A new active control strategy is proposed based on the adaptive predictive control theory. The new control strategy aims at adjusting the attitudes of a train by controlling the new-type intelligent giant magnetostrictive actuator (GMA). It combined adaptive control with dynamic matrix control; parameters of predictive controller was real-time adjusted by online distinguishing to enhance the robustness of the control algorithm. On this basis, a correction control algorithm is also designed to regulate the parameters of predictive controller based on the step response of a controlled objective. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed control strategy can adjust the running attitudes of high-speed trains under strong crosswind conditions; they also indicate that the new active control strategy is effective and applicable in improving the safety performance of a train based on a host–target computer technology provided by Matlab/Simulink.     

汽车防误踩加速踏板系统的研发

为减少和防止紧急制动时误踩加速踏板此类事故的发生,利用汽车加速操作和紧急制动操作存在可分辨的角速度和角加速度的差别,设计了防误踩加速踏板系统,并对系统进行了台架试验和实车测试。结果表明,该系统缩短了汽车的制动距离,有效地防止误踩事故的发生,极大地提高了行车的主动安全性。     

船用阀门遥控系统综述

简要介绍了目前船用阀门遥控系统的几种主要驱动类型,其构成原理及各自的优缺点,总结了如何根据不同船型的实际需要选择不同的阀门驱动方式,并以液压驱动方式为例介绍了选择系统的基本准则,对用户如何根据实际需要选择合适的阀门遥控系统提出了建议,并对阀门遥控系统的发展趋势进行了展望。     

汽油机电控燃油喷射系统及其发展趋势（上）

介绍了汽油机的2种燃油供给方式，着重阐明了汽油机的电控燃油喷射系统的工作原理、类型及三大组成部分，指出了电控燃油喷射系统的优点和发展趋势。