滚流对火花点火式发动机性能的影响

火花点火发动机气缸内空气运动的滚流与涡流一样，都可以增加燃烧室中的湍流强度，提高火焰传播速度和燃烧速率，从而改善燃烧过程，提高发动机的动力性能。本文详细介绍了滚流形成机理和影响滚流的气道参数。对2气门TJ376Q发动机的试验结果表明：新进气道的设计提高了缸内空气运动的滚流强度和流量系数，通过进气系统的优化，可以增加发动机最大转矩和最大功率输出，试验在电控燃油喷射下精确控制燃油，降低了最低燃油消耗率。     

CA6110／125Z1A2增压柴油机对青藏高原适应性的研究

CA6110／125Z1A2增压柴油机采用带放气阀的增压器与柴油机实现了良好的匹配，并在供油系统采用高原补偿器，较好地解决了增压柴油机在高原地区容易出现增压器超温超速的问题。通过对CA6110／125Z1A2柴油机的性能计算与预测，确定了其在平原及高原时增压系统及供油系统的设计参数及柴油机性能在平原调整方案。整车性能试验及用户使用试验结果表明，该高原增压柴油机在青藏高原具有良好的动力性及经济性。     

D6114柴油/CNG双燃料发动机的试验研究

D6114柴油/CNG双燃料增压中冷发动机当以双燃料方式工作时,发动机起动和怠速只燃用柴油;当转速超过某设定值,电控系统发出指令限制柴油的喷油量,天然气经混合器进入气缸参与燃烧,此时少量柴油供给主要起引燃作用,发动机负荷变化则通过改变天然气供给量的大小来实现。分析了进气温度、替代率、供油提前角对性能和排放的影响,指出按NMHC排放衡量,该双燃料发动机完全可以达到ECER49欧I标准。     

螺旋进气道铸造缺陷对气道性能影响的试验研究

在稳流气道试验台上，模拟了YC6108柴油机进气道倾斜、纵向胀大等铸造偏差，利用Ricardo和FEV气道性能评价指标，研究铸造缺陷如何影响进气道的性能。试验结果表明：进气道入口处向抬高，涡流强度减小，给向胀大使进气道的流量系数和涡流比明显降低，而当进气道既倾斜又胀大时，将进一步恶化气道性能。     

汽车点火器性能参数试验台的研制

介绍了所研制的汽车火控制器性能试验台的测量原理，该试验台榀进行点火控制器正常运行状态闭合率的测量、起动状态正常转换点频率的测量，起动状态闭合率的测量、熄火关断时间的测量、切断保护电压和钳位电压的测量等。     

电模拟汽车行驶阻力的汽车底盘测功机

论述了在汽车底盘测功机上检测汽车动力性和燃料经济性时，进行电模拟仿真汽车行驶工况阻力的必要性，介绍了一种国内新研制的电模拟汽车行驶阻力的汽车底盘电涡流测功机，并以车速表校验为例，叙述了操作过程和校验结果。     

沙漠车在塔克拉玛干沙漠牵引通过性能的试验研究

设计制造了一套沙漠车模引的电测试验装置，对浙江省车在塔克拉玛干沙漠中行驶时的驱动桥扭矩，挂钩力，动裁，车速，车轮轮速等参数进行了现场测量，得出了沙漠车在不同轮胎气压下的牵引系数，牵引效率和动阻力系试验结果对沙性性能的评价和改进具有指导意义。     

The impacts of changing flight demands and throughput performance on airport delays through the Great Recession

Several significant events between 2007 and 2009 impacted flight demands and the abilities of the three major New York area airports to handle demand. This paper assesses the results of applying a probabilistic simulation method – which isolates the individual contributions of changes in flight demand and changes in airport throughput performance to changes in flight delays – to diagnose how these different events may have caused operational changes at these airports, and in turn, how the results may be used to inform policies for appropriate countermeasures. The analysis revealed two key observations. Firstly, certain patterns in throughput performance shifts caused the most significant delays, and were more likely to have been caused by controller staffing issues rather than caps. Secondly, relatively constant average delays from one year to the next may result from significant demand drops accompanied by large throughput performance degradations at an airport. This suggests that not only operational limitations on capacity encourage airlines to reduce schedules, but that changed demands can also impact throughput performance. Overall, the analysis indicates that caps may not have provided their fully intended delay benefits. Although they successfully reduced overall flight demands at LGA and JFK, they also directly limited throughput performance at critical times, in turn limiting delay benefits. In addition, demands at the busiest times of the day appear to be relatively inelastic to these operational limitations, insofar as demand profiles at EWR and JFK remained “peaky” in 2008 and 2009. Also, the recession was largely responsible for reducing demands at the airports in 2009, but the delay benefits of this were dampened by a corresponding throughput performance degradation. Based on the above observations, a more direct demand management policy combined with policies that focus on maintaining high staffing capabilities at critical times of the day may be considered, to reduce the likelihood of major queue formation on days that do experience sustained demands. The results also suggest that a more flexible caps system, particularly during times of heavy queues, could be explored. Although airport practitioners have keen understandings of how their airports operate, without the support of quantitative analysis tools, it can be more difficult to argue the need for appropriate countermeasures. An analysis such as the one presented here can provide the detailed quantitative substantiation required to build cases for these targeted policy directives and infrastructure investments.     

气垫船的回顾与展望

回顾了中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究院（MARIC）40年来在气垫船、研究方面所取得的主要成就，分析了该类高性能船舶的市场需求，并提出了未来研究和发展的初步构想。     

船载直升机着船预报系统及评估方法

介绍船载直升机着船预报系统的硬件组成和几种常用的预报方法,提出一种基于微成分分析的新的预报方法。最后,对综合考虑横摇和纵摇2种运动的着船预报效果进行评估。