Comparative analysis between operational weather prediction models and QuikSCAT wind data near the Galician coast

Wind measurements from SeaWinds scatterometer on the NASA QuikSCAT satellite and wind forecasts from two different operational numerical models provided by MeteoGalicia were compared for a 4-year period (2002–2005) in Galician coast environment. Available wind data buoy measurements were also used to complement the analysis. A statistical analysis based on mean errors, root mean square errors and complex correlation was performed from spatial, temporal and directional points of view.In the spatial comparison no significant differences between models and satellite were observed and the error magnitudes of the models are compatible with typical QuikSCAT errors. The suitability of satellite wind estimations for data assimilation in these models must be further investigated. Negative bias of models with respect to the satellite was also confirmed with buoy data, in such a way that models overestimation is smaller than the satellite one. Big errors in wind direction appear in southeasterly and southwesterly winds for both satellite and models, contributing to high RMSE values when compared to buoy data. These errors were mainly attributed to the effect of insufficient spatial resolution near shore.     

Methods of analysis for vehicle soak time data

Vehicle soak time, the duration of time a vehicle’s engine is at rest prior to being started, and its distribution function are important transportation activity data inputs for mobile emissions inventory estimation due to their impacts on vehicle start and evaporative emissions. This paper provides vehicle emission researchers with an overview of statistical analysis methods relevant to analyzing vehicle soak time data. Many of these methods are already in use in emissions research and have appeared in the literature. These methods are reviewed and further details regarding the implementation and interpretation of these methods are provided. Statistical methods relevant to the analysis of soak time data that have yet to appear in the emissions literature, including kernel density estimation and generalized linear models, are also introduced. Advantages and disadvantages of the methods are compared and theoretical justification is provided. Issues of correlated observations and censored data are discussed. General guidelines for the analysis of soak time data, such as stratification by start type and geographical region, are established. Finally, a subset of the statistical methods discussed is used to analyze the US Environmental Protection Agency’s 3-city data.     

基于船舶兴波能量守恒的形状因子算法

为了拓展传统的根据船模阻力试验数据确定形状因子计算方法的适用测量速度范围,文章提出了基于船舶兴波能量守恒的形状因子计算方法。该算法以兴波阻力系数的理论近似表达式取代ITTC（1978）方法的兴波阻力系数近似表达式,采用梯度下降最优算法对船模阻力试验数据进行数值拟合计算求得形状因子。以4250 TEU集装箱船作为算例,将文中算法同传统的普鲁哈斯卡法和ITTC（1978）方法的计算结果进行了比较,验证了该算法的合理性和精确性。     

分形外推在海洋石油工程中的应用

讨论分形模型N=C／r^D（其中分维数DW以是实数，变量，复数）和分形级数建立的外推公式；给出常维分形外推，变维分形外推，复数维分形外推，分形级数外推四种外推方法。为了使外推的效果更好，有时需要将数据点预先加以处理（如平移，求累计和等）；另外，有时要对分维数D进行必要的调整。文中用实例讨论四种分形外推的海洋石油工程应用，如台风路径预测等。     

840D车轮辐板孔裂纹扩展速率的统计分析

通过对现场调查获得的3 974个840D车轮辐板孔裂纹数据进行分析,表明不同辐板孔裂纹长度下的裂纹形成时间可以用双参数威布尔分布来描述,形状参数可以取为常值;在辐板孔内侧裂纹长度小于和等于35 mm时,平均裂纹扩展速率与裂纹长度成正比。给出了840D车轮辐板孔平均裂纹扩展速率的计算公式。得出当裂纹长度为5,10,15,20,25 mm时,平均裂纹扩展速率分别为4.4,8.8,13.3,17.7,22.1 mm.年-1。     

双体船阻力性能研究

本文根据１２艘双体船船模变化其片体间距所得到的静水阻力试验资料，运用统计分析方法，得到估算双体船阻力数学模型和相应的图谱。该图谱主要自变量控制空间为５．０≤Ｌ／１／２。     

基于NoteExpress的文献计量统计分析应用——以2010-2012年《情报科学》刊载文献为例

以《情报科学》2010-2012年间发表的论文为数据源,探讨了利用文献管理软件Note Express在进行题录数据采集、使用文件夹信息统计功能、导出与导入等功能进行文献计量统计方面的应用,从而提供了新的文献计量统计方法。     

严寒地区铁路隧道中心深埋水沟设置长度计算方法

严寒地区铁路隧道防寒措施的合理设置直接关系到铁路运营安全。通过对已建成严寒地区隧道排水通道局部结冰情况和太阳辐射对应关系进行分析,隧道洞口的太阳辐射大小是影响隧道排水通道局部结冰的关键因素。为降低隧道冻害在铁路安全运营中产生的危害,量化计算严寒地区铁路隧道中心深埋水沟的设置长度,建立了隧道洞口太阳辐射评价标准,并基于已建成的位于严寒地区铁路隧道优化后的中心深埋水沟设置长度,结合太阳辐射指标、最冷月平均气温,采用麦夸特法(Levenberg-Marquardt)非线性回归计算出公式待定参数,得到了严寒地区隧道中心深埋水沟设置长度计算公式。     

从短期测量数据来生成疲劳载荷的一种实用算法的开发

疲劳寿命预报需要知道在全设计寿命期内的疲劳载荷时间历程或载荷谱的信息。但是,在很多情况下,实际测量或模拟的载荷时间历程与设计寿命相比只包含很短的一段时间。如何将测量的数据外插到更长的时间段以及如何计数出每周的信息是疲劳分析中必须要解决的两个重要问题。文中的主要目的就是介绍一种将实测载荷外插的方法以及雨流计数法。这两种方法均被编成相应的计算程序。一条水面船的实测数据用作例子来演示计算过程。最后对如何采用这两种方法来构建疲劳设计载荷问题也提出了思路。     

汽车白车身装配质量的评价方法

汽车白车身装配质量评价过程中，均假定测量数据为平稳随机过程，采用长时间范围内的数据进行分析评价。国内某厂实际生产数据的分析结果表明测量数据实质为时变的、非平稳随机过程。为此，提出了对白车身装配质量进行评价及建立标准数据模型的方法。结果表明：目前白车身装配质量的评价指标为４～５ｍｍ。