桩基础极限荷载确定方法综述

复杂场地条件、高承载、异型结构、超长、复合材料等的桩基础发展趋势,使得桩基础极限荷载准确确定愈发重要,实现传统手段的桩基础极限荷载确定方法也面临较大困难。文中分析了原位试验方法、经验公式方法和数值仿真试验方法的三类共9种确定方法的优缺点和适用条件,表明依据桩基础特性选用适当的极限荷载确定方法的重要性,且加强使用数值仿真计算方法辅助试验手段,降低试验检测成本,将对工程建设经济性、安全性意义重大。     

高载荷气缸盖刚度和强度的分析研究

以承受20 MPa爆发压力的铝合金气缸盖为研究对象进行结构设计开发。采用有限元仿真分析的方法对5种不同方案的气缸盖刚度和强度进行数值模拟,并在综合性能较好的F0方案气缸盖上开展电测试验和疲劳试验。结果表明,气缸盖主承力结构的调整对气缸盖各处最大主应力有不同的影响规律;F0方案气缸盖具有一定的高周疲劳可靠性;电测试验结果与仿真结果基本吻合,验证了仿真分析方法的正确性;疲劳试验验证了优化后的气缸盖可满足20 MPa爆发压力的设计需求。     

聚丙烯纤维网混凝土的路用性能研究

对普通混凝土与聚丙烯纤维网混凝土进行了试验研究,得出了不同聚丙烯纤维网掺量的混凝土的强度、耐磨性、抗渗性、弯曲韧性的变化规律,并对聚丙烯纤维网的改性机理进行了分析,指出了聚丙烯纤维网混凝土的广阔的应用前景.     

车辆行驶称重秤台承重板的研究

介绍车辆行驶称重台板的设计,通过对轮胎接地力学分析、称重台理论强度设计和称重台强度校核,设计一套合理的承重板方案.     

铝合金车身骨架结构T型接头匹配强度分析

针对车辆行驶时铝合金车身上某些焊接部位常常发生开裂的现象,对车身常用的A16063材料T型焊接接头低、等和高强度匹配进行仿真分析,研究了T型焊接接头受静载荷时的应力应变和焊缝强度对焊接接头应力应变分布的影响.指出,高强度匹配能改善焊接接头性能,并获得了高强度最佳匹配系数,找出了高强度匹配T形接头焊接结构的薄弱位置.     

CG125发动机活塞连杆曲轴改进分析

改进CG125发动机气道和燃烧室形状,在保证动力性提高的同时,也会导致活塞连杆曲轴温度和强度负荷增加。采用有限元模拟分析,计算出活塞连杆曲轴改进前后的应力和活塞温度变化,通过改进活塞形状,保证了改进后发动机活塞热负荷状况良好,同时提高了活塞连杆曲轴强度。     

德系车中白车身材料的应用

为了使现代车身满足众多要求,保证非常好的静态和动态刚度,使整车具备良好的行驶性能,文章主要介绍了主流德系车白车身中具有代表性的覆盖件与结构件所用材料,及其在白车身的制造工艺和碰撞等性能中的作用和优缺点。指出未来铝镁合金将在车身材料的构成中占主导地位,车身材料必将沿着更环保、更经济、更高强度及更加轻量化的方向发展。     

电动汽车电机支架的强度分析

某款纯电动汽车电机支架在使用过程中发生开裂现象,通过在仿真分析软件IDEAS里建立起有限元模型,计算出该支架的应力分布情况并找到零件缺陷。利用仿真分析软件IDEAS对重新设计的电机支架进行了校核分析,得出了理论分析结果,并提出了程序推荐的电机支架新结构。通过实际数据与理论分析结果的对比,证明该分析方法的有效性和实用性,为电动汽车电机支架的可靠性设计提供了理论依据。     

Ultimate strength of container ships subjected to combined hogging moment and bottom local loads part 1: Nonlinear finite element analysis

This paper is the first of two companion papers concerning the ultimate hull girder strength of container ships subjected to combined hogging moment and bottom local loads. In the midship part of container ships, upward bottom local loads are usually larger than the downward ones. This leads to the increase of biaxial compression in the outer bottom plating and the reduction of the ultimate hull girder strength in the hogging condition. In this Part 1, the collapse behavior and ultimate strength of container ships under combined hogging moment and bottom local loads are analyzed using nonlinear finite element method. Buckling collapse behavior of bottom stiffened panels during the progressive collapse of a hull girder is closely investigated. It has been found that major factors of the reduction of ultimate hogging strength due to bottom local loads are (1) the increase of the longitudinal compression in the outer bottom and (2) the reduction of the effectiveness of the inner bottom, which is on the tension side of local bending of the double bottom. The obtained results will be utilized in the Part 2 paper to develop a simplified method of progressive collapse analysis of container ships under combined hogging moment and bottom local loads.     

Ultimate load analysis of a 10 MW offshore monopile wind turbine incorporating fully nonlinear irregular wave kinematics

Loads from storm waves can in some cases be dimensioning for offshore wind turbine substructures. Accurate determination of nonlinear wave loads is therefore important for a safe, yet economic design. In this paper, the fully nonlinear waves, realized by a fully nonlinear potential wave solver OceanWave3D, are incorporated into coupled aero-servo-hydro-elastic simulations for a reduced set of wave-sensitive design load cases, in comparison with the widely used linear and constrained waves. The coupled aero-elastic simulations are performed for the DTU 10 MW reference wind turbine on a large monopile at 33 m water depth using the aero-elastic code HAWC2. Effect of the wave nonlinearity is investigated in terms of the ultimate sectional moments at tower bottom and monopile mudline. Higher ultimate moments, 5% at tower bottom and 13% at monopile mudline as maximum, are predicated when the nonlinear waves are used. It could be explained by the fact that the extreme nonlinear waves, that are close to the breaking limit, can induce resonant ringing-type responses, and hereby dominate the ultimate load responses. However, the constrained wave approach shows marginal difference compared to the standard linear wave approach. It can be concluded at least for the present configuration that the industry standard approaches (linear and constrained wave approach) underestimate the ultimate load responses on offshore wind turbines in severe sea states.