沉井基础竖向承载特性的离心模型试验研究

基于离心模型试验对饱和砂土地基中沉井基础在竖向荷载作用下的承载特性进行研究,初步掌握地基极限承载力随基础埋深和基础宽度变化的规律,并对试验结果进行对比分析,结果表明:(1)基础埋深不大于5 m时,荷载-沉降曲线为陡降型,有明显的拐点出现,可取拐点对应的荷载作为极限承载力;基础埋深不小于10 m时,荷载-沉降曲线为缓变型,未出现明显的拐点,建议取相对沉降量(基础的实测沉降量与基础宽度的比值)对应的荷载作为极限承载力。(2)在均质地基环境中,极限承载力随基础相对埋深的增加近似呈指数型曲线增长。(3)进一步推求沉井基础极限承载力随基础宽度和相对埋深变化的函数表达式,其成果可用于估算砂土地基中沉井基础的地基极限承载力。     

聚酯纤维对沥青混合料性能影响的研究

选用进口和国产两种聚酯纤维，通过对掺与不掺聚酯纤维的相同级配沥青混合料的高温稳定性、水稳定性、低温抗裂性及抗疲劳性能的室内对比试验研究，探讨了纤维增强沥青混合料的强度形成机理，较全面认识了纤维沥青混合料的性能。试验表明，聚酯纤维对沥青混合料的多种性能均有所改善，可在工程中参考使用。     

考虑腐蚀与疲劳损伤的船体总纵极限强度与可靠性分析

本文定量考虑了腐蚀与疲劳两类损伤对船体结构随时间变化的情况,并建立了船体总纵极限强度与时变可靠性的计算方法。对一条实船的分析说明,腐蚀和疲劳损伤虽然短时间内的破坏并不显著,但积累到一定程度,对船体结构的影响相当大。采用可靠性评估的方法,对船体总纵强度的安全水平可作出合理的评价。     

An approximate method to generate average stress–strain curve with the effect of residual stresses for rectangular plates under uniaxial compression in ship structures

The average stress–strain curve for rectangular plates under uniaxial compression in ship hull structures is generated on the basis of the existing design formulae. The dual-term equation for ultimate strength of uniaxially compressed plates is employed to generate the average stress–strain curve for long plates. Two alternatives proposed by Faulkner and Frankland, respectively, are considered. An approximate method to take into account the effect of residual stresses is proposed. By investigating the variation of the stress distribution at different stages of compression, the average stress–strain relationship of the rectangular long plates with the effect of residual stresses is derived from equilibrium. The behaviors of the wide plates are also discussed. The assumption proposed by Valsgard for the idealized stress distribution of wide plates under uniaxial compression is adopted. The average stress–strain relationship for wide plates is derived from the existing design formulae. Two equations proposed by Hughes and recommended by API for critical stress of the central portion of the wide plate are considered. The effect of residual stresses is also taken into account for wide plates.     

波纹钢腹板剪切屈曲分析中初始缺陷的模拟和影响程度分析

通过非线性有限元方法分析波纹钢腹板剪切屈曲极限荷载和屈曲模态,采用一致缺陷模态法模拟波形尺寸缺陷,钢板厚度缺陷则通过钢板厚度分布函数对单元厚度的修正来引入。分析结果表明过大的波形尺寸缺陷会降低波纹钢腹板的剪切屈曲极限荷载,而波纹钢腹板对因钢板厚度缺陷而引起的过早屈曲要大大优于平钢腹板,微小的厚度缺陷对波纹钢腹板的剪切屈曲极限荷载影响很小。     

Improved design formulas for the ultimate strength of platings with circular openings and manholes under uniaxial compression

The paper focuses on the ultimate strength of perforated platings with circular openings and manholes, eventually reinforced by ringed or carling stiffeners, in order to develop a comprehensive and rationale format, useful to assess the ultimate capacity of perforated plate panels under uniaxial compression. In this respect, a large number of FE simulations is performed by Ansys Mechanical APDL, in order to provide new design formulas for the ultimate strength of platings with circular openings or manholes and, subsequently, for perforated plate panels reinforced by local stiffeners. The design formulas are developed by properly varying the opening size and the scantlings of ringed or carling stiffeners, in order to provide a comprehensive set of design curves. Hence, the incidence of the opening longitudinal position on the ultimate capacity of perforated platings, without and with local stiffeners, is also investigated. Finally, the proposed equations are applied in a straightforward design example. Based on current results, the new design formulas allow a reliable assessment of the ultimate capacity of platings with circular openings or manholes and the incidence of local stiffeners on the plating ultimate strength, so providing a rationale design format that could be easily embodied in current Rules and guidelines.     

膨胀土的强度特性探讨

文章分析膨胀土抗剪强度影响的主要因素、强度理论和强度指标的取值方法,提出在目前基质吸力测定具有较高难度的情况下,间接测定基质吸力的方法将具有使用和推广价值。     

半承载式客车车身结构有限元分析

以梁单元模型为基础,通过将复杂部件建立实体单元模型来生成梁体混合模型的方法,建立半承载式客车车身结构有限元模型。并对车身结构进行4种典型工况下的强度、刚度以及模态分析。最后通过静态应力试验验证该模型的正确性。     

电弧喷涂工艺参数对3Cr13涂层性能稳定性的影响

采用正交设计方法研究了电弧喷涂工艺参数对 3Cr13涂层结合强度和耐磨性的影响。试验结果表明 :影响涂层性能稳定性的工艺参数主要是电弧电流 ,其次是喷涂距离。按涂层结合强度和按磨损失重确定的空气压力与电弧电压两个因素的主次排列顺序不同。当电弧电流一定时 ,喷涂距离过大或过小都不利于涂层性能的稳定性 ,且喷涂距离和空气压力为反向组合时涂层性能稳定性最差。涂层中的孔隙率和氧化物的数量是造成涂层性能变化波动的主要原因 ,采用较大的电弧电流可减少涂层中的孔隙率和氧化物数量 ,有利于涂层的致密性增强 ,涂层强度高 ,耐磨性也好。     

无线场强测试系统的软件结构设计与实现

无线场强测试系统的软件结构设计,是各种测试功能是否实现的关键,通过合理的软件设计,将无线通信技术、计算机技术、GPS卫星定位技术、传感器技术、USB总线通信技术和信号分析等技术实现综合运用,并将计算机软硬件技术、数据采集存储技术、单片机编程技术,有机地融合于一体.