保险人基于损害补偿原则的拒赔抗辩——在《沿海、内河船舶保险条款》下的讨论

以沿海、内河船舶保险中保险人的视角,寻求其在《沿海、内河船舶保险条款》下以损害补偿原则作为拒绝赔付被保险人的抗辩理由的法律正当性,并试图通过探究这些原则和条款本身的内在涵义,为保险人和被保险人双方提供实践的参考;同时在分析这些抗辩理由在司法实践中的现实价值的过程中,进一步揭示该领域相关问题的法的实然所在。     

Effect of pitting corrosion on local strength of hold frames of bulk carriers (2nd Report)—Lateral-distortional buckling and local face buckling

Pitting corrosion is typical corrosion observed on coated hold frames of bulk carriers which exclusively carry coal and iron ore. In order to secure the safety of these types of bulk carriers, it is important to understand the effect of pitting corrosion on local strength of hold frames.

In order to investigate this effect, a series of 4- and 3-point bend tests on structural models which consist of web, shell and face plates has been carried out. Artificial pitting was created on the web plate to simulate pitting. In the 4-point bend tests, two equal concentrated loads have been applied vertically at the one-third points of simply supported models so that compression load due to bending would act on the face plate. In this testing condition, lateral-distortional buckling occurred before reaching the ultimate strength and local buckling of the face plate was observed after reaching the ultimate strength. The effect of web plate pitting on the lateral-distortional buckling strength was found to be small but the ultimate strength decreases with increase in the degree of pitting intensity. In the 3-point bend tests, concentrated load has been applied vertically at the center of simply supported models so that compression load due to bending would act on the face plate. In this testing condition, local face buckling occurred just after reaching the ultimate strength. The ultimate strength is found to be decreasing with increase in the degree of pitting intensity.

A series of non-linear FE analyses has been performed to simulate the deformation behavior observed in the tests. It has been revealed that even in the case of randomly distributed pitting corrosion the ultimate strength of the structural models was almost the same as that of the structural models with uniform corrosion corresponding to the average thickness loss.     

An approach to estimating the hull girder response of a ship due to springing

This article describes an estimation method for the hull girder response of a ship due to springing. The linear and nonlinear springing effects on the hull girder are evaluated. Previous studies on the springing response focused mainly on the symmetric response, or vertical response. In this article, however, the springing analysis is extended to asymmetric responses, or horizontal and torsional responses. The Timoshenko beam model was used to calculate the hull girder response and the quadratic strip method was employed to calculate hydrodynamic forces and moments on the hull. To remove irregular frequencies, a rigid lid was adopted on the hull free surface level and hydrodynamic coefficients were interpolated for asymptotic values. Applications to two ships for the symmetric and asymmetric responses were carried out and the effect of springing responses is also discussed.     

水火弯板温度场的数学模型

本文分析了水火弯板的热过程特点。应用移动热源理论，建立了求解薄板、中厚板和厚板温度场的数学模型。考虑分布热源和材料热物性对温度场的影响，研究了求解温度场的数值方法。最后介绍了水火弯板瞬态温度分布的测试原理，给出实验和计算结果，并分析了模型的误差原因。     

千岛湖大桥V形墩有限元分析和施工研究

介绍了千岛湖大桥主桥的墩座、V形墩斜腿、箱梁、箱梁预应力各部分的结构设计方案.通过对大桥主桥结构进行整体平面杆系有限元分析及对墩梁结合部进行空间有限元分析,验证整体结构和局部结构的受力合理性,提出了全桥施工方案,进一步确保V形墩结构的安全和质量.     

小水线面双体科考船舾装设计

小水线面双体船船型本身比较特殊,用作科考船又需要安装多种特种机械设备,它的舾装布置与常规的货船有一定区别。双体船造价较高,而且船上科考人员众多,因此需要对它的舾装设计从经济性和安全性的角度进行探究。论文以某小水线面双体科考船为例,提出了该科考船的功能目标需求,对装船科考设备和起吊设备进行了模块化设计。同时结合总布置和船体结构,在考虑轻量化的基础上对防火分隔系统的布置和材料选型进行了分析。     

新扬大桥主桥V型三角区施工关键技术

文章以无锡新扬大桥为工程背景,详细介绍了该桥长48m,最大梁高8mV形三角区部分的施工步骤、节段划分、临时支墩设置及最后三角区支架的拆除,可为类似工程提供参考。     

柴油机高压共轨电控系统开发方案的研究

进行了高压共轨柴油机电控系统V模式开发方案的研究。利用Matlab／Simulink工具,对控制策略算法进行图形化编程及控制算法的优化仿真,利用自动代码生成工具——TargetLink实现控制策略算法从Simulink程序框图至嵌入式ANSIC的代码实现,通过高压共轨柴油机硬件在环仿真系统实现对模型算法的二次试验验证。研究结果表明：此种开发方案可以在保证控制系统控制精度的基础上,大大缩短开发周期。     

内河高速船的新型船体结构形式--双向加筋板船体结构

本文通过对内河高速船的双向加筋板船体结构试验及计算分析的研究,为制订规范提出新型船体结构形式的建议.     

船体建造精度测量DACS系统探析

文章分析了国内外精度测量和研究水平的进展和现状,阐述了船舶测量技术的概念和内容,探讨了制约测量控制技术的因素,介绍了DACS精度控制系统的特点和操作过程,并通过实际生产中的应用情况。说明了该系统应用的意义。