铲装机械手全关节动力学及其解析

目前,铲装机械手的动力学解析主要针对主动关节进行,对从动关节的动力学问题还很少进行过研究.在铲装机械手阻力检测系统设计时,有时需要在从动关节处安装力传感器,并对传感器的输出进行动力项、静力项的分离.为此,本文以铲装机械手主动关节动力学解析为基础,对连杆的受力进行了全面分析,推导出了从动关节的动力学计算式.在对主动关节和从动关节动力学解析进行综合的基础上,提出了全关节动力学的概念,并给出了铲装机械手全关节动力学方程式.     

羊湖水电站压力钢管焊接接头韧性研究

本文对羊湖水电站现场焊接压力钢管试件的接头韧性进行了试验研究,分析了焊接 接头韧性分布规律及影响因素。      

探讨《地铁设计规范》中的几个问题

就《地铁设计规范》中涉及到的公共区防火分区、紧急疏散、扶梯跨变形缝等条文规定进行理解分析,认为存在有歧义或值得商榷之处,给出个人见解,希望能引起同行在该方面的探讨,促进规范对相关问题进一步明确。     

沥青路面摊铺技术的研究

沥青路面的摊铺技术是决定路面平整度和密实度的关键工序,其操作好坏直接影响行车的舒适性和耐用性。该文以碧江路为试验路段,提出严格控制路面平整度、压实度的一些具体措施及纵横缝处理与线型控制等关键技术,并对采用措施前后的路面质量指标进行了比较分析。     

盾构隧道纵向地震响应的多尺度分析方法

针对目前盾构隧道抗震设计仅限于横断面分析,缺乏有效的纵向地震响应分析方法的问题,提出了一种用于模拟盾构隧道纵向地震响应的宏-细观多尺度分析方法,其中宏观等效模型用于描述盾构隧道结构整体的地震响应特性,细观精细化模型用于捕捉结构关键断面接头处的变形响应。宏观等效模型采用黏弹性地基梁来模拟,即将盾构隧道沿纵向简化为作用在黏弹性地基上的三维梁单元,且充分考虑了由于环缝影响引起的梁纵向等效刚度折减以及隧道内部结构对纵向等效刚度的附加效应。基于宏观等效模型的地震响应规律分析,确定出盾构隧道沿线的最不利断面位置,从而将这些关键区段替换为考虑隧道环缝接头的细观精细化模型,即采用沿环向分布的轴向拉压弹簧和切向剪切弹簧来真实模拟地震作用下的环缝张开量和错位量等变形,克服了传统连续均质化模型无法反映环缝变形量的不足。最后,将该多尺度分析方法成功应用于世界首个特高压GIL电力盾构隧道,为实际重大工程的结构纵向抗震设计和安全性评价提供了科学依据和技术手段。     

Effects of adhesive type on the mechanical properties of adhesive joints between polyurethane top coats and polyurethane-based adhesives after accelerated atmospheric ageing

The performance of a sealed stainless steel bracket system, adhesively bonded with two polyurethane-based adhesives (flexible adhesive, stiff adhesive) onto a marine polyurethane top coat, is investigated. The investigated joint connections on the coatings exhibited a high mechanical stability even after accelerated ageing (salt spray exposure, cyclic temperature variations, high relative humidity). The aged joints retained up to 81% of their tensile strength and up to 92% of their lap-shear strength. The torsional rigidity of the adhesive joint exceeded the required clamping torque of the designed bolt. A cyclical lifetime of >9·10⁶ load cycles was estimated. Effects of cyclic ageing on the creep performance of the adhesive joint were found to be insignificant. Under tensile loads, the joints with stiff adhesive material exhibited a linear-elastic performance without the capability to deform prior to failure. The joints with the flexible adhesive material, in contrast, exhibited a behavior typically for ductile materials featuring a pronounced yield plateau prior to failure. Failure loads were higher, and displacement was notably lower, for the joints with stiff adhesive material. All joint connections met the requirements for a safety factor for the design for marine applications (11.6 for the flexible adhesive; 14.3 for the stiff adhesive). When the flexible adhesive is applied, the cohesive strength of the adhesive material is the limiting design factor. When the stiff adhesive is utilized, the load carrying capacity is higher, and the interface between priming coat and steel substrate is the limiting design area of the joints. The strength utilization of the adhesive materials depended on the particular structure of the entire joint configuration, particularly on the interface between steel substrate and the coating material. A number of assessment factors, namely stress limit factor, coating adhesion factor and safety factor, are introduced and discussed for tensile and shear loads.     

轨道车辆用双组份环氧胶剪切疲劳性能研究

为了保证轨道车辆粘接结构的安全可靠性,粘接结构设计时需要系统地分析所用胶粘剂的抗疲劳性能。从振动频率、加载载荷、基材表面处理方式等方面对轨道车辆应用的双组份环氧胶的剪切疲劳性能进行了测试分析。     

近海环境中PHC管桩防腐蚀对策

PHC管桩在沿海地区应用广泛,然而氯离子的渗透会影响PHC管桩的耐久性.PHC管桩受损后难以发现和修复,影响结构物抗震能力,因此应考虑对PHC桩采取防腐蚀措施.针对PHC管桩构造和施工特点,介绍多种工况下,适合于PHC管桩各个部位的防腐蚀措施,为有防腐要求的PHC管桩施工项目提供参考.     

高速铁路节段预制简支箱梁构造设计和力学性能分析

以国外某高速铁路工程24.6~32.6 m节段预制简支箱梁为研究对象,将节段划分为端头节段(D类)、渐变节段(G类)及标准节段(B类),结合当地运输及架设条件,通过改变各节段数量组成相同梁高、不同跨径的简支箱梁;结合节段预制简支箱梁特点,论述剪力键构造、预应力布置及临时连接设计要点;采用MIDAS/civil、MIDAS FEA、ANSYS与BSAS程序建立模型,对节段预制简支箱梁的力学性能进行检算分析;重点分析胶接缝对简支箱梁受力性能的影响,节段预制简支箱梁抗弯、抗剪折减系数以及抗裂安全系数取值。分析结果表明,节段预制简支箱梁结构受力和变形满足规范要求,适用于高速铁路工程。     

热矫正对Q345E低合金钢角接接头疲劳性能的影响

通过三点弯曲疲劳试验对Q345E低合金钢T型角接接头的疲劳性能进行研究,并将700℃矫正、800℃矫正和1000℃矫正与不矫正的T型角接接头中值疲劳强度进行了对比.结果表明:随着矫正温度的升高,Q345E低合金钢T型角接接头疲劳性能呈上升趋势,700℃矫正、800℃矫正、1 000℃矫正的T型角接接头的疲劳强度与不矫正试件相比分别升高45、45和47.5 MPa,1 000℃矫正试件疲劳强度最高.试件的疲劳裂纹均从试件边缘(夹渣)处启裂,启裂区和扩展区均具有典型的疲劳断裂特征,疲劳纹清晰并很粗,终断区为韧窝型韧性断口.