Optimisation of lateral car dynamics taking into account parameter uncertainties

Simulation studies on an active all-wheel-steering car show that disturbance of vehicle parameters have high influence on lateral car dynamics. This motivates the need of robust design against such parameter uncertainties. A specific parametrisation is established combining deterministic, velocity-dependent steering control parameters with partly uncertain, velocity-independent vehicle parameters for simultaneous use in a numerical optimisation process. Model-based objectives are formulated and summarised in a multi-objective optimisation problem where especially the lateral steady-state behaviour is improved by an adaption strategy based on measurable uncertainties. The normally distributed uncertainties are generated by optimal Latin hypercube sampling and a response surface based strategy helps to cut down time consuming model evaluations which offers the possibility to use a genetic optimisation algorithm. Optimisation results are discussed in different criterion spaces and the achieved improvements confirm the validity of the proposed procedure.     

Formulating cargo inventory costs for liner shipping network design

This study examines how to incorporate the inventory costs of containerized cargoes into existing liner service planning models such that the designed networks could be improved while not causing extra modeling/computational burden. Two approaches are compared: (i) not considering the inventory costs at all and (ii) incorporating the inventory costs associated with onboard time and those related to transshipment by assuming a fixed connection time. The two models are compared with the ideal model capturing the exact inventory costs on a route choice problem and a capacity planning problem based on extensive randomly generated and practical numerical experiments. The results show that: first, ignoring the inventory costs in service planning models may lead to network design with much higher costs (poor network design decisions); second, in service planning models assuming weekly frequency, the inventory costs associated with onboard time could be formulated exactly, and those related to the connection time of weekly services could be approximated by assuming fixed connection time of 3.5 days for ports with 1 day’s minimum connection time and 4.5 days for ports with 2 days’ minimum connection time.     

公路隧道设计及施工技术问题分析

隧道作为组成公路整体结构的重要环节,其具体的设计及施工非常复杂,不断提高设计及施工技术应用的质量,才能够满足日益上涨的公路运输需求。从分析公路隧道建设项目中存在的设计及施工技术问题入手,提出设计和施工的优化方案,可以为提高公路建设质量提供有效的理论参考。     

A bi-objective optimization framework for three-dimensional road alignment design

Optimization of three-dimensional road alignments is a nonlinear non-convex optimization problem. The development of models that fully optimize a three-dimensional road alignment problem is challenging due to numerous factors involved and complexities in the geometric specification of the alignment. In this study, we developed a novel bi-objective optimization approach to solve a three dimensional road alignment problem where the horizontal and vertical alignments are optimized simultaneously. Two conflicting cost objective functions, earthwork cost and the utility cost, are cast in a bi-objective optimization problem. We numerically compare several multi-objective optimization solvers, and find that it is possible to determine the Pareto front in a reasonable time.     

改扩建公路超高设计中若干问题的探讨

超高设计是道路曲线路段的重要设计内容,也是行车安全性和舒适性的重要影响因素,在高等级公路改扩建应用中尤为重要。基于S226省道温岭岙环至玉环龙溪段拓宽改造项目,结合JTG D20—2017《公路路线设计规范》道路超高设计的相关规定,针对改扩建公路中分离式路基超高线形设计方法、S型曲线超高设置、曲线内构造物超高验算以及老路路拱过渡等特殊超高问题,提出新老路间的差异平稳过渡方案,借以探讨改扩建公路超高设计的思路和方法。     

地铁设计新规范之车辆基地设计体会

为了地铁车辆段工艺设计者更快地熟悉掌握应用地铁设计新规范,并创新车辆段工艺设计思路,通过对2013年版地铁设计新规范的学习,并结合笔者地铁车辆段工艺设计经历,对新旧地铁设计规范车辆基地篇章的主要区别及变化原因进行剖析与解读。归纳总结车辆段物业开发设计过程中的常见问题和应该把握的设计原则;车辆参数变化对车辆段工程设计的影响;车辆修程修制调整对车辆段规模的影响;运用整备设施设计参数的优化调整;检修设备设施及其他设施配置的明确调整等。     

海上溢油收集装置概念设计

随着海洋石油开采和运输事业的日益发展,海上溢油问题的研究越来越受到重视,具有重要的理论价值和实际意义.论文针对各类海上溢油事故,在现有技术的基础上进行突破和创新,提出了三套新概念的海上溢油处理装置,热气球海上浮油收集装置、海上铲车浮油收集器和下潜式浮油收集器,分别利用漩涡原理,面面接触的物理方式和生物环保技术,有效提高海上溢油的收集效率,丰富了溢油处理装置的设计理念,为后续的详细设计奠定了基础.     

浅谈城市桥梁景观方案设计

城市桥梁景观方案设计可以从桥梁结构装饰和桥梁景观装饰两方面去考虑。以滕州高铁新区桥梁景观方案设计为例,详细介绍了城市桥梁景观方案的设计理念和方案构思,可为类似的城市桥梁景观方案设计提供参考。     

论纯电动乘用车总装生产线的设计

总装生产线设计开发是总装工程的重要内容。文章结合纯电动乘用车的结构特点及工艺要求,对其总装生产过程进行了深入研究及思考,然后以生产线设计步骤为主线,着重分析了基本信息的收集、工艺流程及主线的设计、工艺设备及工艺布局的选择等关键环节,最终提出了纯电动乘用车总装生产线设计工作的方法及要点,这些方法及要点对于总装生产线规划与设计具有一定的实用价值,能有效地保证开发质量、缩短开发周期、降低设计成本。此外,对于企业加快形成更加科学化、高效化、规范化的汽车总装生产新局面有积极的指导意义。     

深水基础超长钢板桩围堰设计与施工关键技术

芒稻河特大桥主桥为(77+3×130+82)m预应力混凝土刚构-连续梁组合体系桥,主墩基础位于深水区,承台施工时抽水最大水头达18.7m。采用钢板桩围堰施工承台,围堰最大平面尺寸为45.6m×16.8m,采用拉森Ⅳw型钢板桩,单根桩长36m,围堰内设置5道内支撑。采用有限元软件,计算围堰3个主要施工工况下钢板桩和内支撑的变形、应力,以及围堰封底抽水完成工况下封底混凝土的抗浮安全系数和应力,计算结果均满足要求。施工时,采用定位导向架和平面定位框限位插打钢板桩,内支撑采用工厂拼装现场分层整体吊装、水下抄垫等工艺,应用水下分阶段吸泥、水下二次封底等施工技术,实现了深水钢板桩围堰快速安全施工。