对二次空气改善车用汽油机排气净化效果的研究

在车用汽油机排气中CO和HC生成与热反应净化机理研究的基础上 ,通过试验探讨了二次空气对提高车用汽油机排气热反应净化效果的影响。研究结果表明 ,在发动机高速大负荷工况下 ,足量的二次空气能使CO和HC的排放浓度大幅度降低 ,而在发动机中等转速中小负荷工况下 ,由于排气温度低 ,二次空气对热反应净化效果影响不大     

软土地基水平受荷桩基础力学性能研究

通过国内不同规范和文献的对比研究以及工程实例分析,建议以桩基地面水平位移达到6 mm的水平荷载作为桩基横轴向容许承载力,或者采用建筑桩基规范桩基水平承载力公式估算。考虑到软土地基桩土作用非线性的特点,引入了NL法对水平受荷桩内力和变形进行分析,建立了软土地基桩基在水平荷载作用下的精确分析方法;在相同的水平荷载作用下,采用m法计算的水平受荷桩变形值和内力值要比采用NL法计算的数值分别增大150%、15%左右,采用m法进行水平受荷桩设计时偏于保守。     

利用物理模型研究热扩散问题

山东威海华能电厂循环冷却水正态物理模型试验的目的是研究电厂设备冷却水排入海中后对海域及取水口的热污染问题,本文剖析了试验过程,内容包括电厂附近海域的自然条件分析、热扩散理论在模型中的应用、模型设计思想、试验设备量测系统与试验方法以及模型试验中需要探讨的问题。     

Global cutting-path optimization considering the minimum heat effect with microgenetic algorithms

This article considers microgenetic algorithms (GAs), which explore in a small population with a few genetic operators, for cutting-path optimization problems. The major difference between GAs and simple genetic algorithms (SGAs) is how to make a reproductive plan for an improved searching technique because of population choice. It is shown that GAs implementation reaches the near-optimal region much earlier than the SGAs approach, and the GAs give a better solution than simulated annealing (SA). The main objective was to determine what temperature distribution can be obtained from the solution of a travelling distributed heat source. The solution of the travelling heat source on nested raw plate provides information about the vertices of each nested part of the raw plate. From the fact that the initial temperature at a piercing point strongly depends on the heat flow which stems from the previous cutting contour, the temperature of all piercing points must be lower than the critical temperature after each cutting of the components of a part. The critical temperature is identified as the mechanical melting temperature of steels. A heuristic back-tracking method is introduced to find the near-optimum cutting path considering the minimum heat effect on deformation. The heuristic back-tracking method is incorporated with the GAs.     

A pseudofield model approach to simulate compartment-fire phenomena for marine fire safety design

In order to prevent the spread of marine compartment fires, it is necessary to understand the governing factors or characteristics of fire-spread phenomena. We present a pseudofield model approach to this problem. We first described a field model of turbulent heat convection based on a standard k – turbulence model. Two-dimensional numerical simulations of a two-linked compartment fire were carried out in order to predict the turbulent convection flow induced by the heat released from the fire. Then a more complicated fire-spread problem of multilinked compartment fires was analyzed by means of a zone model, in which the amounts of oxygen consumption and gas generation were solved by a gas-balance equations system. The effect of threshold conditions on fire propagation and the effect of the thickness of the heat insulation were investigated with numerical simulations.     

水火弯板建模系统研究

以逐步回归分析和改进的Ｂ－Ｐ神经网络两种方法为算法,基于Ｍｉｃｒｏｓｏｆｔ Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ３．０软件平台,应用实船板样本数据,开发了水火弯板局部收缩量的建模系统。     

有移动热源的海上大空间通风技术研究

由于有某种热源在海上大空间内移动,使得大空间通风系统也与其他一般大舱空间的通风系统不同.目前国内外对海上大空间通风系统尚无明确的规范及要求.在对大空间通风进行模型试验研究和相应的计算机模拟计算基础上,确定大空间通风系统初步方案,为大空间通风系统设计提供科学合理的试验和理论依据.     

考虑相变过程岩体孔隙率对寒区隧道温度场时空规律影响研究

为研究寒区隧道围岩在持续低温作用或冻融循环作用过程中，考虑岩体相变过程中多相体各组分变化引起的岩石热学参数差异对围岩温度场时空变化规律的影响，利用已有岩体未冻水含量研究成果，进一步推导不同孔隙率下岩体的热学参数计算公式。基于多孔介质模型建立考虑相变过程的围岩温度场计算模型，分析考虑潜热时不同孔隙率下围岩冻结缘的空间形态变化规律，及相变过程对温度场的影响。研究结果表明： 1）饱和岩体孔隙率越高，对岩体整体热学参数影响越大； 2）低温持续作用围岩时，冻结缘向围岩深处移动并不断变宽，其宽度与其深度呈线性关系； 3）饱和围岩孔隙率对冻结缘移动速度影响较大，但对其宽度基本无影响； 4）由于相变潜热，岩体在冻融循环过程中围岩温度时程曲线出现不对称阶梯状形态，且其阶梯形状宽度与围岩孔隙率呈正相关； 5）冻融循环过程中，升温及降温过程中冻结缘临近岩体温度梯度存在差异引起的传热效率不同直接导致升温、降温时程曲线的不对称性特征出现； 6）沿硐室围岩径向向外，各处围岩体的温度时程函数与加载的温度函数存在着振幅衰减和相位滞后的现象，且岩体孔隙率越高该现象越明显。     

天津海河隧道泡沫-水喷雾系统保温措施升级及改造

海河隧道泡沫-水喷雾系统在冬季寒冷条件下运行时，个别雨淋阀组出现局部结冰的现象，对隧道的安全运行造成一定影响。针对这一运营难题，通过现场实测温度及数据分析，对箱体保温进行散热量计算并实测加热功率，对隧道内不同部位的雨淋阀组制定不同的保温措施。得出如下结论： 1）寒冷地区隧道的泡沫-水喷雾系统雨淋阀组应考虑保温。 2）雨淋阀组的保温措施应结合实际情况，根据箱外温度，制定对应的保温措施。 3）洞口位置的雨淋阀组应设置电加热器保温。 4）设置电加热器的雨淋阀箱体，其热量损失与隧道内温度成反比；温度越低，散热量越大，能耗越大。     

A Numerical Model for Multiple Phase Transformations in Steels during Thermal Processes

IntroductionltiswellknownthatmetallmpicalstrUcforeofsteelsandheattransferarefullycouPled.PhasechangesdependontemPertheeevoluton,whereastemPertheeisinfluencedbycontrastsofmaterialcharacteristicsbetWeenphasesandlatenheateffects.AlotofworkhasbeenpefformedonthssubeCt,andclassicalmodelsarenowwidelyimPlementedintofiniteelementcomPutercodes[l][2][31[4][5][61.Thesemodelsaregenerallybasedonf.AVramityPekinetics[7][8]l9]Whnthephasechangeisgovernedbydiffusion,.TheKoistinen-Marburgerlaw[l0]fOrmfornsi…