The impact of road traffic noise on urban protected areas: A landscape modeling approach

We modeled the propagation of traffic noise over the landscape and analyzed its impact on the structure and configuration of protected areas of the Twin Cities Metro Region, Minnesota. Using four noise thresholds, we found that at low and medium noise levels, 19% and 11% of the protected areas are within the road-effect zone. Using mean patch area and patch shape index, we measured the acoustic fragmentation of habitats. We found that at higher levels of noise patch shape index increased, while mean patch size decreased. The acoustic diversity of a patch is also found to be correlated with land cover type, patch area, and patch shape.     

Challenges and Prospects of Fisheries Co-Management under a Marine Extractive Reserve Framework in Northeastern Brazil

In Brazil, Marine Extractive Reserves—MERs (Reservas Extrativistas Marinhas) represent the most significant government-supported effort to protect the common property resources upon which traditional small-scale fishers depend. From an initial small-scale experience in 1992, MERs have expanded countrywide, now encompassing 30 units (9,700 km²) and nearly 60,000 fishers. Despite such escalating interest in the model, there is little research on the effectiveness of MERs. In this article, we discuss relevant parts of the history and examine the current situation of the fisheries co-management initiative in the Marine Extractive Reserve of Corumbau, which was created in 2000 as the first MER to encompass coral reefs and reef fisheries. We describe the Extractive Reserve co-management arrangement and its main policy and legislative challenges. Finally, we discuss the prospects for the use of MERs as management frameworks for traditional small-scale fisheries in Brazil.     

Modelling navigation in muddy areas through captive model tests

Many access channels and harbours suffer from sedimentation and formation of mud layers. To keep navigation safe and economic, extensive maintenance dredging is needed. Until now, the required level of dredging has always been determined by making use of the physical characteristics of the mud layer, which does not necessarily result in efficient dredging. Ship behaviour also matters, and knowledge of ship manoeuvrability can help to redefine the level of dredging required. A mathematical model of manoeuvring for simulation purposes, based on a comprehensive series of captive model tests, is presented, along with a selection of results.     

人工岛工程建设对海洋环境影响的数值分析方法探讨

利用数值模拟技术在人工岛工程开展之前。对工程所造成的周围海域的影响进行评估与预测，对于减少工程的环境因素负面影响和工程的失误具有重要的意义。本文对利用数值模拟方法去分析人工岛建设过程及工程完成后对海洋环境影响进行预测与评估的基本思路与方法、现有数值方法的特点进行讨论与分析。     

山区脆弱环境下公路选线的危险度区划

山区公路灾害的频繁发生，严重威胁着线路行车和人民生命财产安全，并严重制约着山区经济可持续发展，因此，作好山区环境脆弱区段公路的选线工作尤为重要。本文以公路环境脆弱的迫隆藏布流域为例，在分析研究了影响山区公路灾害发生发育的因素的基础上，从防灾减灾及改善公路工程对生态环境影响的角度出发，采用GIS的信息处理和空间分析方法，实现了基于山区环境脆弱区段公路选线的危险度区划。     

基于FCE对近岸岛屿进攻战斗炮兵部署优化研究

战斗部署的内容是决心方案的主体部分,优化战斗部署方案,可提高作战指挥决策的科学性。论文根据战斗部署的定义和战斗部署的要求,建立了近岸岛屿进攻战斗炮兵部署的评价指标体系,并采用层次分析法确定其权重,最后使用模糊综合评价法对战斗部署方案进行评估。     

拖带大型无动力船舶通过内河桥梁水域关键技术分析

通过对大型无动力拖带船队的运动特点,内河桥梁水域通航环境的特点以及大型船队操纵的复杂性进行分析,以拖带5.7万t级无动力海船通过南京长江大桥为例,对大型无动力船拖带船队的拖船配置、拖带方式、起拖时机、拖带演习、拖航期间的安全维护、拖带作业的注意事项和应急预案等关键技术进行分析.     

大连地铁2号线交通大学站方案设计分析

为解决大连地铁2号线交通大学站降水、堵水问题,从安全方面考虑,通过分析A,B版设计方案,解释方案变更原因,从结构安全、使用功能、经济评价等方面阐明暗挖结合外挂分离岛式车站存在的问题。引发对特殊地质下的地铁车站设计的思考,希望在进一步的研究探讨中能够引起重视并做出更加优化的方案。     

海上大型人工岛设计关键技术研究

以大连临空产业园填海造地工程为例,深入分析了人工岛建设工程的特点与关键技术,在借鉴国外人工岛建设经验基础上,分析研究了人工岛建设功能与规模、设计标准、人工岛选址、关键基础资料获取、平面形态与总体布置、陆域形成与基础处理、新型护岸结构、施工组织、生态与环保、监测与监控等关键技术,给出了初步研究结论,并提出了需进一步开展研究的技术问题。     

浅谈外海大潮差地区水下大型软体排铺设工艺的改进

以南通洋口港区人工岛围堤工程为例,介绍水下大型软体排的组成结构、材料选取和设计方法的要点,并重点探讨如何改进在复杂工况条件下铺设水下大型软体排的施工工艺和船机配备.实践证明,改进后的软体排铺设工艺与传统施工工艺相比,既提高了施工效率,又确保了工程质量.