二行程汽油机分层扫气性能的数值模拟研究

简述了二行程汽油机常用的两种分层扫气方式(空间分层和时间分层)的工作原理,并采用计算流体力学(CFD)程序对其分别采用均匀扫气和这两种分层扫气方式时的换气过程进行了多维模拟计算。计算结果表明,与均匀扫气方式相比,分层扫气方式具有燃油短路损失小的优点,但对扫气性能没有明显的影响,且燃油的混合不如均匀扫气充分。     

和谐HX_D1型大功率交流电力机车电传动系统

详细介绍HXD1型大功率交流电力机车主电路和辅助电路的结构组成、工作原理、技术基础、冗余设计理念以及故障保护机理与实施情况。     

Pb and Pu in the Northeast Water Polynya, Greenland: particle dynamics and sediment mixing rates

Distributions of the radionuclides ²¹⁰Pb and ^239,240Pu in sediment cores from the Northeast Water Polynya, Greenland, showed that these nuclides reached depths of 5–15 cm by particle mixing and sediment accumulation. End-member average values of the particle mixing coefficient and sediment accumulation rate were 0.13 cm² y⁻¹ and 0.06 cm y⁻¹, obtained from the ²¹⁰Pb profiles by assuming that each process is dominant relative to the other. Both ²¹⁰Pb and ^239,240Pu were measured on four cores; using the Pu data to constrain mixing rates produced corrected sediment accumulation rates that were 20–80% of the values calculated by neglecting mixing. Organic carbon burial in the polynya sediments was ≤0.4 mmol m⁻² d⁻¹, based on measured POC values at depth in the sediments and sediment accumulation rates corrected for mixing. This value is about 1% of the independently measured POC flux leaving the euphotic zone and compares with benthic carbon remineralization rates of 7% calculated by others from O₂ uptake in the sediments.The inventories of excess ²¹⁰Pb in the sediments ranged from 6 to 28 dpm cm⁻². Relative to the atmospheric input of ²¹⁰Pb and in situ production from decay of ²²⁶Ra, approximately 5 dpm cm⁻² of ²¹⁰Pb was being removed from the water column. The difference between the removal from the water column and sediment inventories suggests a net import of ²¹⁰Pb to the polynya. This may occur by input of dissolved ²¹⁰Pb from offshore waters or by input of ²¹⁰Pb carried by sea ice. Particulate matter in land-derived fast ice adjacent to the polynya contained 330 ± 14 dpm of excess ²¹⁰Pb g⁻¹. If particles transported in sea ice are comparable to those extracted from fast ice, then sea ice transport into the polynya followed by melting may be an important source of excess ²¹⁰Pb to the area. Fast ice also may contribute ²¹⁰Pb if portions break off and melt within the polynya, as occurred in 1993.     

舰船回转过程中内、外侧螺旋桨负荷变化规律的新现象

在许多教科书中,螺旋桨推进双桨船在回转过程中内、外螺旋桨负荷变化规律均有如下叙述:回转过程中内侧螺旋桨负荷远大于外侧螺旋桨负荷.这个结论也被某些实船试验结果所证实.但新近完成的某双桨船的回转试验的多个实测结果表明:外侧螺旋桨负荷远大于内侧螺旋桨负荷.在上世纪90年代国内有人已发现过这一新现象,但当时无人记录和分析以进行研究.本文报告和分析了这一新现象.文章首先简要回顾了以往教科书和某些实船试航回转过程中内、外桨负荷变化规律;然后介绍了某新船回转试验的实测结果,论述了实测结果的可信性.本文着重探讨了导致这一新现象的主要原因,如船体形状、船的运动、内外螺旋桨的运动、桨与船的相互作用和桨与桨的相互作用等.     

柴油机排烟呈白色故障分析

文章以红岩6-250ZCD柴油机排烟呈白色为例子,介绍了故障现象及查找原因的过程,并对故障成因进行了剖析,有利于今后此类故障的快速确诊。     

某轮副机曲轴断裂事故原因分析及预防措施

文章结合柴油机曲轴的工作条件,对某轮副机曲轴断裂事故的内在和外在原因进行了分析,并针对该事故的原因对柴油机曲轴的日常维护管理提出了建议。     

New-Level VR Marine Training System

Marine simulator is a valuable and effective medium for maritime education and training and is becoming widespread to foster the qualified and competent personnel for working in the maritime industry.However,many problems with most marine simulation systems today limit their pervasive use:the limited accessibility,immobility,the high expenditure,the long develop- meat cycle,and the difficult maintenance etc.A web-based maritime training environment is proposed in this paper as a new ma- rine training level,which fully combining web technology,VR,high fidelity simulation,and e-learning tools to create a more cost- effective and flexible training environment still with very realistic and high-interactive simulation characteristics,the system will provide a consistent and more flexible training medium for improving maritime education and training.     

海工耐久混凝土氯离子渗透性能的影响因素及其扩散系数的早期推定

大规模海工耐久混凝土在国内应用很少,各种影响因素对其影响作用不甚明了,通过正交设计的方法研究各影响因素对耐久性的影响,对指导配合比设计和施工过程质量控制具有积极的意义。     

船舶电站物理仿真实验装置典型故障分析

阐述了最新研制开发的船舶电站物理仿真实验装置的仿真原理,分析并排除了该装置调试运行过程中出现的典型故障,为电站操作人员提供参考。