An empirical analysis on the arterial fundamental diagram

For uninterrupted traffic flow, it is well-known that the fundamental diagram (FD) describes the relationship between traffic flow and density under steady state. For interrupted traffic flow on a signalized road, it has been recognized that the arterial fundamental diagram (AFD) is significantly affected by signal operations. But little research up to date has discussed in detail how signal operations impact the AFD. In this paper, based upon empirical observations from high-resolution event-based traffic signal data collected from a major arterial in the Twin Cities area, we study the impacts of g/C ratio, signal coordination, and turning movements on the cycle-based AFD, which describes the relationship between traffic flow and occupancy in a signal cycle. By microscopically investigating individual vehicle trajectories from event-based data, we demonstrate that not only g/C ratio constrains the capacity of a signalized approach, poor signal coordination and turning movements from upstream intersections also have significant impact on the capacity. We show that an arterial link may not be congested even with high occupancy values. Such high values could result from queue build-up during red light that occupies the detector, i.e. the Queue-Over-Detector (QOD) phenomenon discussed in this paper. More importantly, by removing the impact of QOD, a stable form of AFD is revealed, and one can use that to identify three different regimes including under-saturation, saturation, and over-saturation with queue spillovers. We believe the stable form of AFD is of great importance for traffic signal control because of its ability to identify traffic states on a signal link.     

利用伪卫星提高卫星信号抗干扰能力研究

针对卫星信号功率微弱易受干扰的问题,以GPS接收机失锁时的干信比门限作为接收机是否被干扰而失锁的判别标准,研究伪卫星增强信号功率提高接收机接收卫星信号抗干扰能问题。     

Research on the strategy of underwater united detection fusion and communication using multi-sensor

In order to solve the distributed detection fusion problem of underwater target detection, when the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the acoustic channel is low, a new strategy for united detection fusion and communication using multiple sensors was proposed. The performance of detection fusion was studied and compared based on the Neyman-Pearson principle when the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and on-off keying (OOK) modes were used by the local sensors. The comparative simulation and analysis between the optimal likelihood ratio test and the proposed strategy was completed, and both the theoretical analysis and simulation indicate that using the proposed new strategy could improve the detection performance effectively. In theory, the proposed strategy of united detection fusion and communication is of great significance to the establishment of an underwater target detection system.     

新型尾轴密封弹簧组冲击响应分析

利用Ansys软件对轴密封弹簧组进行了冲击载荷响应分析研究.根据前联邦德国国防军舰建造规范BV043/85,采用2个正、反半正弦波输入冲击加速度,进而模拟轴密封装置冲击载荷作用的时间历程.通过比较不同冲击环境下动、静环端面接触压强与比压随时间的变化情况,分析冲击作用对该轴密封弹簧组端面密封性能的影响.数值模拟的结果验证了轴密封装置在冲击环境下的可靠性.     

浅析天津滨海地区浅层软土的前期固结压力

重点介绍软土的前期固结压力对于软土地基上各种建构筑物的工程意义、通过室内试验确定软土前期固结压力的方法、室内确定前期固结压力的影响因素和试验注意事项,并综合运用软土前期固结压力和其他相关土工试验指标分析天津滨海地区软土层的应力历史,为工程设计和施工提供可靠依据.     

能量法估计全息面信噪比研究

在近场声全息技术中,全息面信噪比是一个非常重要的参数,但无法直接测量得到.为了解决该问题,给出了基于能量法的波数域内信噪比估值公式,并根据该公式分析估值误差的来源,指出全息面采样间隔对估值具有重要影响.为了判别估值是否准确,提出了选取全息面不同区域的数据进行重复估计的判别方法.当估值不准确时,指出可以通过减小全息面采样间隔来降低估值误差.仿真给出满足不同误差条件的不同采样间隔所对应的最大信噪比估值,可作为实际应用中的参考.     

顺坝坝头偏角及坝长布置对汊道分流比的影响

针对黑沙洲水道弯曲、分汊、多汊等特点,结合初拟的顺坝平面布置方案,利用二维数模分别计算在不同顺坝坝长及坝头偏角布置条件下黑沙洲水道各汊道分流比,通过分析不同布置条件下各汊道分流比的计算结果,总结汊道分流比变化的规律并得到平面优化布置方案。黑沙洲水道由南、中、北3个水道组成,其中南水道右槽为通航主航道,南水道右槽分流比的提高作为本工程航道整治成功的关键点之一,通过计算分析提出的坝长及坝头偏角布置可为整治平面布置方案的优化提供理论依据。     

船用天然气发动机空燃比和转速协调控制

对船用天然气发动机空燃比和转速协调控制进行了研究,根据船用天然气发动机的控制需求设计了相应的软件和硬件,并在控制策略中引入了扭矩量,提出了三闭环双前馈的控制架构。基于玉柴6K型天然气发动机进行了配机试验,在固定负载突变转速的工况下,发动机能在3 s内能达到目标转速并趋于稳定,最大超调量在4%以内,稳态时转速波动率在0.8%左右。在固定转速突加突卸负荷时,转速能在8s内趋于稳定,瞬态调速率为在6%以内,稳态时的转速波动率在0.9%左右,验证了所提出控制策略的可行性。     

尖子山船闸上闸首软岩复合桩基受力特性

为研究船闸分离式闸首复合桩基的受力特性,以尖子山船闸为依托,建立软岩上边墩复合桩基有限元模型,分析边墩位移、变形特征,提出桩顶力简化算法,研究软岩竖向力分担比ξV的影响因素。结果表明:边墩以刚体位移为主,检修期横向转动、竖轴扭转最大,桩基布置宜外密内疏;由于存在破碎带,ξV仅有11.5%;ξV近似与置换率呈双曲线关系、与软岩模量呈幂函数关系,桩间距越小,置换率越大,软岩模量越大,桩岩系数比越小,ξV越大。破碎带固结灌浆处理后,提高了桩基承载力,还使ξV有效提高到26.8%。     

单向冻结条件下饱水砂卵石冻胀融沉特性试验研究

以北京典型饱水卵石7#地层为研究对象,利用恒温恒压冻胀融沉仪,研究不同干密度饱水砂卵石在开放系统和封闭系统条件下的冻胀率、融沉系数、冻胀力及水分迁移量。试验结果表明:①饱水砂卵石的冻胀率和融沉系数均小于1%,远小于黏土、粉土的冻胀率和融沉系数,且随干密度的增大而减小;②封闭系统砂卵石冻胀率(力)和融沉系数大于开放系统;③饱水砂卵石冻胀过程是排水过程,排水量占土颗粒质量比例不超过1%;④无论是开放系统还是封闭系统,砂卵石经冻胀融沉后,总有一定的变形残余量。研究成果为冻结法在北京深层地下空间应用提供理论依据和参考。