Reliability-based sensitivity analysis of vehicle components with non-normal distribution parameters

Techniques from the perturbation method, fourth moment method, reliability-based design theory, and sensitivity analysis approach are employed to present a practical and efficient method for testing the reliability sensitivity of vehicle components with non-normal distribution parameters. With the condition that the first four moments of original random variables are known, the reliability sensitivity theory and cases are researched using the presented numerical method. The variation regularities of reliability sensitivity are obtained and the effects of design parameters on reliability of the vehicle components are studied. The sophisticated formulation provided in this paper is easily amenable to computational procedures. The respective program can be used to obtain the reliability sensitivity of vehicle components with non-normal distribution parameters accurately and quickly. The results obtained are perfect and the solutions compared very well with those from Monte Carlo simulation. The method presents a theoretic basis for the reliability design of the vehicle components.     

机场旅客进出场交通方式选择的双层规划模型

以机场出发旅客为研究对象,在分析多种交通方式下旅客进出场出行费用对其交通方式选择影响基础上,应用双层规划模型描述了机场旅客进出场交通方式选择问题,并利用基于灵敏度分析的启发式方法对模型进行求解．模型综合考虑了交通系统的收益和旅客的利益．通过算例可以看出,应用双层规划模型描述机场旅客进出场交通方式选择问题是合理的,所采用的方法是可行有效的,对于制定多模式交通运输价格策略、缓解大型机场地面交通拥挤等具有现实意义．     

粘滞阻尼器参数对大跨度桥梁抗震性能影响研究

基于流体粘滞阻尼器的力学特性,以荆岳长江大桥为工程背景,研究了附加非线性粘滞阻尼器对大跨度桥梁抗震性能的影响。利用动力非线性时程分析方法,对非线性粘滞阻尼器的阻尼系数和阻尼指数进行了参数敏感性分析,讨论了阻尼器布置位置对减震效果的影响,并与不设阻尼器情况的地震响应结果进行了比较。分析表明：通过在适当的位置设置纵向粘滞阻尼器,可以有效地降低结构在地震作用下关键部位的位移,改善结构构件的地震力;减震效果取决于阻尼器参数;同时,设置阻尼器避免了相邻主梁可能发生碰撞引起的结构损坏。     

基于拓扑优化和灵敏度分析的车架轻量化改进

对某货车车架进行有限元分析,通过有限元法和试验验证该车架存在局部应力过大的问题,但是整体可进行轻量化改进,利用拓扑优化理论进行优化分析,根据优化结果和生产实际,给车架增加一根横梁以消除其应力集中现象;根据静态灵敏度分析确定弯曲应力和体积对厚度的灵敏度,并找出敏感部位,通过优化计算提出轻量化修改方案。     

一种改进的组件软件可靠性优化方法

对组件软件可靠性进行优化工作时.不仅需要最大化其可靠性估计值.同时还要最小化可靠性估计方差以及测试代价.首先针对性地研究普通的组件软件可靠性优化策略,探讨该策略的缺点.提出并探讨一种改进的可靠性估计值排序策略(RPP-c策略),即增加测试代价考虑因素.最后为RPP-c策略建立优化模型,同时也给出相应的算法思想和实验数据分析.     

Sensitivity analysis and dynamic modification of modal parameter in mechanical transmission system

Sensitivity analysis is one of the effective methods in the dynamic modification. The sensitivity of the modal parameters such as the natural frequencies and mode shapes in undamped free vibration of mechanical transmission system is analyzed in this paper. In particular,the sensitivities of the modal parameters to physical parameters of shaft system such as the inertia and stiffness are given. A calculation formula for dynamic modification is presented based on the analysis of modal parameter. With a mechanical transmission system as an example, the sensitivities of natural frequencies and modes shape are calculated and analyzed. Furthermore, the dynamic modification is also carried out and a good result is obtained.     

疲劳驾驶转向特征指标的个体差异敏感度分析

个体差异是影响疲劳驾驶识别的重要因素. 为研究基于转向行为的疲劳驾驶识别受个体差异的影响,本文对疲劳驾驶转向特征指标的个体差异敏感度进行分析. 通过实车试验获得自然驾驶数据,对正常和疲劳状态下的指标进行Kruskal-Wallis(KW)检验,以H 统计量表示指标有效性;以H 统计量最大的单被试为基础逐一与其他被试组成双被试组合,采用线性模型拟合双被试组合的H 统计量和指标个体差异度,以斜率绝对值表征指标个体差异敏感度. 研究获得9 个转向特征指标的个体差异敏感度,结果表明,敏感度越低,指标有效性受个体差异影响越小,其中方向盘转角标准差的个体差异敏感度最低为2.056. 本研究可为转向特征指标的性能评估及疲劳驾驶识别模型的特征选择提供参考.     

不同温拌剂对沥青路用性能的影响

为研究不同类型温拌剂对于沥青性能的影响,选择常用降黏型温拌剂Sasobit和发泡型温拌剂Aspha-min分别加入到基质沥青和SBS改性沥青中,通过针入度、软化点、延度及黏度试验,研究对比这两类温拌剂对沥青感温性能、高低温性能及黏滞性的影响.由等黏温度定理,推算出部分温拌沥青混合料的施工温度,并以此对比分析其降温效果....     

Bush-based sensitivity analysis for approximating subnetwork diversion

Subnetwork analysis is often used in traffic assignment problems to reduce the size of the network being analyzed, with a corresponding decrease in computation time. This is particularly important in network design, second-best pricing, or other bilevel problems in which many equilibrium runs must be solved as a subproblem to a master optimization program. A fixed trip table based on an equilibrium path flow solution is often used, but this ignores important attraction and diversion effects as drivers (globally) change routes in response to (local) subnetwork changes. This paper presents an approach for replacing a regional network with a smaller one, containing all of the subnetwork, and zones. Artificial arcs are created to represent “all paths” between each origin and subnetwork boundary node, under the assumption that the set of equilibrium routes does not change. The primary contribution of the paper is a procedure for estimating a cost function on these artificial arcs, using derivatives of the equilibrium travel times between the end nodes to create a Taylor series. A bush-based representation allows rapid calculation of these derivatives. Two methods for calculating these derivatives are presented, one based on network transformations and resembling techniques used in the analysis of resistive circuits, and another based on iterated solution of a nested set of linear equations. These methods are applied to two networks, one small and artificial, and the other a regional network representing the Austin, Texas metropolitan area. These demonstrations show substantial improvement in accuracy as compared to using a fixed table, and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach.     

非动力转向架研究与分析

介绍 2 0 0km/h动力分散交流电动车组的非动力转向架的开发研制过程。在该转向架的研制中采用正交设计法进行动力学仿真计算优化设计参数。通过滚动振动试验台试验和线路运行试验进一步优选方案。线路运行试验结果表明该转向架设计路线正确、参数选择合理 ,运行品质优良 ,并多次创造中国铁路试验速度纪录