海上半浮体漂移轨迹研究

通过水上半浮体漂移过程的模拟研究,总结出一种循其轨迹,寻其“源头”的模拟计算方法。首先分析外海流系,沿岸流系,风海流、潮流,并以数学方程式描述之,然后作半浮体漂移的推算,最后以实例验证。本研究可给海事查证工作作参考。     

土质路基荷载下地基反力试验研究

地基反力σ能够反映荷载作用下地基受力的情况,但其在土质路基特别是高压实度土质路基荷载作用下的研究并不多。本文通过现场及室内离心模型模拟土质路基的填筑及放置过程的试验,对地基反力进行研究。研究表明:高压实度土质路基荷载作用下地基反力呈弧形分布,路基宽度范围内地基反力小于γH值,靠近坡脚的路基边坡区域大于γH值。路基中心处地基反力σc与路基宽高比b/H有很大关系,当路基宽高比b/H较小时,σc与γH值差距较大;当b/H较大时,σc与γH值差距减小;当b/H大于10时,σc基本等于γH值。本文结合试验结果得出考虑b/H影响的路基中心处地基反力σc的计算方法,提出新的地基反力沿路基横断面的计算公式,使路基荷载下地基反力的计算结果更接近实际;结合试验得到路基中心处实测地基反力及地基沉降值,对两种中等压缩性土地基在路基荷载作用下的地基反力与地基沉降的关系进行讨论,得出其相关性较好的地基反力系数,为今后土质路基荷载作用下地基反力系数的应用提供了参考资料。     

黄土地区浅埋暗挖地铁隧道围岩压力特征研究

为了解黄土地区浅埋暗挖地铁隧道围岩压力特征,得出荷载在衬砌结构各部分中的分担比例,本文以西安地铁二号线为研究对象,选取2组不同围岩条件的测试断面,开展现场测试工作。对围岩与初期支护接触压力、初期支护与二次衬砌接触压力及二次衬砌结构应力进行研究。结果表明:隧道墙脚位置初期支护与围岩之间接触压力较大,表明这二者承受大部分垂直压力;初期支护所受围岩压力随着土体强度降低而增大,且分布形式更趋于静水压力作用特点;二次衬砌作为主要支护结构承担大部分荷载,初期支护与二次衬砌接触压力随围岩土体强度降低而显著增大,二次衬砌在支护体系中作用也随土体强度降低而凸显;二次衬砌混凝土基本受压,拱腰及以上位置应力较大,仰拱处应力较小。     

JD160A型变频异步牵引电机

文章介绍JD160A型变频异步牵引电机的主要技术参数、电磁场仿真分析,并对其特性和结构特点进行详细阐述。     

地铁车辆滤波电抗器结构及其漏磁仿真分析

作为车辆的固结设备,地铁车辆线路滤波电抗器悬挂在车厢底架上,设计者必须对其可靠性及结构强度进行仿真计算,避免应力集中,避免大变形。作为一漏磁非常大的强电磁源,漏磁场会对环境、身体健康造成一定的影响,设计者有必要对其进行漏磁屏蔽设计。文章从电抗器的结构设计、漏磁仿真计算、试验等方面做了分析研究,为车辆电抗器的可靠性设计提供了依据。     

Surf-riding and oscillations of a ship in quartering waves

The behavior of a ship encountering large regular waves from astern at low frequency is the object of investigation, with a parallel study of surf-riding and periodic motion paterns. First, the theoretical analysis of surf-riding is extended from purely following to quartering seas. Steady-state continuation is used to identify all possible surf-riding states for one wavelength. Examination of stability indicates the existence of stable and unstable states and predicts a new type of oscillatory surf-riding. Global analysis is also applied to determine the areas of state space which lead to surf-riding for a given ship and wave conditions. In the case of overtaking waves, the large rudder-yaw-surge oscillations of the vessel are examined, showing the mechanism and conditions responsible for loss of controllability at certain vessel headings.List of symbols c wave celerity (m/s) - C(p) roll damping moment (Ntm) - g acceleration of gravity (m/s²) - GM metacentric height (m) - H wave height (m) - I _x ,I _z roll and yaw ship moments of inertia (kg m²) - k wave number (m^–1) - K _H ,K _W ,K _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - K _p forces in the roll direction (Ntm) - m ship mass (kg) - n propeller rate of rotation (rpm) - N _H ,N _W ,N _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - N _P moments in the yaw direction (Ntm) - p roll angular velocity (rad/s) - r rate-of-turn (rad/s) - R(,x) restoring moment (Ntm) - Res(u) ship resistance (Nt) - t time (s) - u surge velocity (m/s) - U vessel speed (m/s) - v sway velocity (m/s) - W ship weight (Nt) - x longitudinal position of the ship measured from the wave system (m) - x _G ,z _G longitudinal and vertical center of gravity (m) - x _S longitudinal position of a ship section (S), in the ship-fixed system (m) - X _H ,X _W ,X _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - X _P forces in the surge direction (Nt) - y transverse position of the ship, measured from the wave system (m) - Y _H ,Y _W ,Y _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - Y _p forces in the sway direction (Nt) - z _Y vertical position of the point of action of the lateral reaction force during turn (m) - z _W vertical position of the point of action of the lateral wave force (m) Greek symbols angle of drift (rad) - rudder angle (rad) - wavelength (m) - position of the ship in the earth-fixed system (m) - water density (kg/m³) - angle of heel (rad) - heading angle (rad) - _e frequency of encounter (rad/s) Hydrodynamic coefficients K roll added mass - N _v ,N _r yaw acceleration coefficients - N _v N _r N _rr N _rrv ,N _vvr yaw velocity coefficients K. Spyrou: Ship behavior in quartering waves - X _u surge acceleration coefficient - X _u X _vr surge velocity coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r sway acceleration coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r ,Y _vv ,Y _rr ,Y _vr sway velocity coefficients European Union-nominated Fellow of the Science and Technology Agency of Japan, Visiting Researcher, National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering of Japan     

CA498柴油机冷却水流LDV测量

为验证柴油机冷却水套CFD计算结果的准确性，利用LDV测速系统测量了CA498柴油机缸盖及缸体内流场12个关键点处的速度，并将试验结果与CFD计算结果进行了比较一结果表明，除了缸体上3个点的实际测量结果与CFD计算结果有较大偏差以外，其他各点试验测得的数据与CFD计算结果有较好的一致性。分析了造成偏差的主要原因。     

低强度桩复合地基处理桥头跳车现场试验研究

介绍了浙江台州浃里陈大桥成功地采用低强度混凝土桩复合地基处理桥头跳车问题，同时通过现场载荷试验、桩顶和桩间土的土压力测试以及沉降观测，较全面地研究了低强度桩复合地基承载力和桩土受力特性以及沉降变化规律，得到了一些可供理论研究和工程实践借鉴的有益结论。     

用示波器对柴油机喷油系统进行故障检测与诊断

阐述利用示波器对柴油发动机喷油系统压力波形进行检测,并利用检测的压力波形对其故障进行诊断的基本原理和方法。     

液力变矩器泵轮流场数值分析

应用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法，采用非结构网格和稳态交互面技术，模拟了液力变矩器三维内流场，并与试验相对照，验证了数值模拟的正确性。分析了泵轮进口、中弦面、出口面速度场和压力场，以及泵轮流道流场形态及流场形成的机理。