海缆巡线管理系统的设计与实现

为提高海缆的通信保障能力，采用全球定位系统（GPS）和地理信息系统（GIS）技术，设计海缆巡线管理系统。该系统分为数据采集、数据传送和数据中心管理三个组成部分，对巡线员和数据管理员的工作流程进行了具体描述，并分析了系统实现的关键技术；对数据传送的前端硬件系统组成和实现原理进行了详细设计和分析，实现了规范化管理和科学化监督的预期目标。     

铁路通信信号标准及基础资料在线查询系统简介

利用现有成熟的信息技术,实现对标准文件的统一集中、规范化、安全化管理,为所属技术、科研人员提供简便有效的标准、规范的获取途径。     

动态信号采集分析仪(CY-1型)系统及原理

介绍了动态信号采集分析仪（CY-1型）的原理。该系统适用于多种物理模型试验，如船舶性能、船舶在风浪流自然载荷条件下对港口设施的影响（码头受到的撞击力与缆绳受到的拉力等）、桥墩防撞设施以及水工结构物等。实践表明，该系统精度高且操作方便，所以在物理模型试验中是不可或缺的。最后指出了可进一步完善该系统的若干方法。     

路基是有生命力的结构物——我国高速铁路路基建设取得的成就和需要继续解决的问题

系统归纳总结我国高速铁路路基技术体系形成、发展、完善的历程和高速铁路路基建设10年来在地基处理、路基结构层设计和填筑、路堤式路堑、过渡段、路基边坡支挡防护和防排水、路基结构与附属电缆沟槽和接触网支柱等基础的系统集成、沉降变形观测与评估等方面变革和发展取得的成就,指出正是高速铁路对路基工程刚度和变形的严苛要求,促进了我国高速铁路路基技术的革命性变革和不断进步,强化了路基结构物的建造理念,凝聚了路基结构物的生命力;同时,在非饱和土、膨胀土(岩)等方面阐释路基建设过程中仍需继续研究解决的问题。希冀本文有助于我国高速铁路路基技术体系的不断完善、创新发展,进一步提升我国高速铁路路基建造水平,增强满足列车安全、高速、舒适运营的生命力。     

Management of coastal eutrophication: Integration of field data, ecosystem-scale simulations and screening models

A hybrid approach for eutrophication assessment in estuarine and coastal ecosystems is presented. The ASSETS screening model (http://www.eutro.org) classifies eutrophication status into five classes: High (better), Good, Moderate, Poor and Bad (worse). This model was applied to a dataset from a shallow coastal barrier island system in southwest Europe (Ria Formosa), with a resulting score of Good. A detailed dynamic model was developed for this ecosystem, and the outputs were used to drive the screening model. Four scenarios were run on the research model: pristine, standard (simulates present loading), half and double the current nutrient loading. The Ria Formosa has a short water residence time and eutrophication symptoms are not apparent in the water column. However, benthic symptoms are expressed as excessive macroalgal growth and strong dissolved oxygen fluctuations in the tide pools. The standard simulation results showed an ASSETS grade identical to the field data application. The application of the screening model to the other scenario outputs showed the responsiveness of ASSETS to changes in pressure, state and response, scoring a grade of High under pristine conditions, Good for half the standard scenario and Moderate for double the present loadings. The use of this hybrid approach allows managers to test the outcome of measures against a set of well-defined metrics for the evaluation of state. It additionally provides a way of testing and improving the pressure component of ASSETS. Sensitivity analysis revealed that sub-sampling the output of the research model at a monthly scale, typical for the acquisition of field data, may significantly affect the outcome of the screening model, by overlooking extreme events such as occasional night-time anoxia in tide pools.     

京津城际轨道交通防灾安全监控系统简析

本文重点介绍了京津客运专线防灾安全监控系统中的防风预警监测子系统、异物侵限监控子系统的设备组成及实现安全监测、控制列车运行的基本原理。     

电子衡器雷击损坏原理与防护

阐述了雷电对电子衡器系统的危害，分析了电子衡器受雷击损坏的原理，提出了电子衡器防雷系统的设计方案，介绍了电子衡器防雷系统的实际使用效果。     

面向高速铁路的CTCS+ATO列控系统研究

为提高高速铁路运输效率和自动化程度,根据珠三角城际铁路CTCS2+ATO列控系统的运用经验,提出高速铁路引入自动驾驶(ATO)的方案。方案采用CTCS+ATO系统结构,根据系统配置分为CTCS+ATO-PFC(Partial Function Configuration)和CTCS+ATO-FFC(Full Function Configuration)两个等级。分别对每个等级的系统功能、地面和车载设备配置进行定义,并提出系统分级实施方案。CTCS+ATO列控系统方案综合考虑我国列控系统的现状和发展方向,为我国高速铁路引入自动驾驶提供参考依据。     

基于GIS的高速铁路空间结构物布置方法研究

铁路空间结构物的设置考虑因素众多,在节约资金的前提下,同时确定合理的桥梁、路基、隧道方案是一种尝试;利用GIS系统中DEM数据管理及空间分析功能,提取出特定平面线路位置条件下的地面线高程数据,在满足高速铁路线路纵断面设计原则的基础上,按照工程量及工程造价最小的目标函数条件,通过编程求解出拟定坡度条件下最优的路基、桥梁、隧道长度布置方案,计算结果满足结构物布置的经济性要求。     

The future of road safety: A worldwide perspective

Estimates by the World Health Organization suggest that, on a yearly basis, road crashes kill 1.25 million people—nearly 3400 road fatalities per day—and injure up to 50 million. Traffic injuries are not equally spread over the world, however; some countries are hit harder than others, and the chance of being killed in a road crash depends on where one lives. Almost 90% of all traffic casualties occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Globally, the number of fatalities per 100,000 population (mortality rate) ranges from less than 3 to almost 40. The rate is less than 9 in high-income countries (HIC) but averages around 20 in LMIC, with the African region demonstrating the highest rate (26.6). While road safety trends have been positive in HIC over the last few decades, trends in LMIC are not telling a positive story: road fatalities are expected to increase to almost 2 million road fatalities per year by 2020.The United Nations has adopted several resolutions on road safety and proposes actions to tackle the global road safety crisis. Considering the current level of road safety to be unacceptable, the UN has taken several initiatives. One effort, the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011–2020, has generated substantial activity around the world over the last couple of years. Furthermore, it is very encouraging that the UN included road safety in the Sustainable Development Goals that it laid out in September 2015. Road safety is part of the public health agenda and the urban development agenda. Measured in “real actions,” however, the responses so far from the overall global community and individual countries do not suggest that we are already on the right track to bringing down the death toll on roads.The future of road safety is uncertain and definitely not the same for all regions of the world. Countries with a mature road safety approach and an ambition to make further progress are expected to move in the direction of a pro-active approach: a Safe System approach. It is reported that many LMIC, meanwhile, are on the brink of designing road safety strategies and implementing action plans. The international community is willing to support LMIC, but LMIC cannot simply copy successful HIC strategies because local circumstances differ. The principles of successful HIC strategies are applicable, but the priorities and action plans should take root in and align with local conditions.