基于挠度理论的自锚式悬索桥受力特性分析

基于挠度理论,分析了矢跨比、边中跨比、加劲梁竖向抗弯刚度、加劲梁纵坡和整体升降温对两塔三跨自锚式悬索桥结构受力特性的影响。此外,还讨论了加劲梁在轴向压力作用下的稳定性及其极限跨径。分析结果表明：矢跨比越小,主缆拉力越大、加劲梁的轴向压力也越大,而结构的整体刚度越低;边中跨比越大,结构的整体刚度越低,加劲梁在轴向压力作用下的横向稳定性也越差;主缆抗拉刚度或者加劲梁的竖向抗弯刚度越大,结构的整体刚度越大;加劲梁纵坡和整体升降温对结构受力的影响通常较小,可以忽略不计;自锚式悬索桥的极限跨径由加劲梁的横向第一类失稳及其屈服强度共同控制。     

Surf-riding and oscillations of a ship in quartering waves

The behavior of a ship encountering large regular waves from astern at low frequency is the object of investigation, with a parallel study of surf-riding and periodic motion paterns. First, the theoretical analysis of surf-riding is extended from purely following to quartering seas. Steady-state continuation is used to identify all possible surf-riding states for one wavelength. Examination of stability indicates the existence of stable and unstable states and predicts a new type of oscillatory surf-riding. Global analysis is also applied to determine the areas of state space which lead to surf-riding for a given ship and wave conditions. In the case of overtaking waves, the large rudder-yaw-surge oscillations of the vessel are examined, showing the mechanism and conditions responsible for loss of controllability at certain vessel headings.List of symbols c wave celerity (m/s) - C(p) roll damping moment (Ntm) - g acceleration of gravity (m/s²) - GM metacentric height (m) - H wave height (m) - I _x ,I _z roll and yaw ship moments of inertia (kg m²) - k wave number (m^–1) - K _H ,K _W ,K _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - K _p forces in the roll direction (Ntm) - m ship mass (kg) - n propeller rate of rotation (rpm) - N _H ,N _W ,N _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - N _P moments in the yaw direction (Ntm) - p roll angular velocity (rad/s) - r rate-of-turn (rad/s) - R(,x) restoring moment (Ntm) - Res(u) ship resistance (Nt) - t time (s) - u surge velocity (m/s) - U vessel speed (m/s) - v sway velocity (m/s) - W ship weight (Nt) - x longitudinal position of the ship measured from the wave system (m) - x _G ,z _G longitudinal and vertical center of gravity (m) - x _S longitudinal position of a ship section (S), in the ship-fixed system (m) - X _H ,X _W ,X _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - X _P forces in the surge direction (Nt) - y transverse position of the ship, measured from the wave system (m) - Y _H ,Y _W ,Y _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - Y _p forces in the sway direction (Nt) - z _Y vertical position of the point of action of the lateral reaction force during turn (m) - z _W vertical position of the point of action of the lateral wave force (m) Greek symbols angle of drift (rad) - rudder angle (rad) - wavelength (m) - position of the ship in the earth-fixed system (m) - water density (kg/m³) - angle of heel (rad) - heading angle (rad) - _e frequency of encounter (rad/s) Hydrodynamic coefficients K roll added mass - N _v ,N _r yaw acceleration coefficients - N _v N _r N _rr N _rrv ,N _vvr yaw velocity coefficients K. Spyrou: Ship behavior in quartering waves - X _u surge acceleration coefficient - X _u X _vr surge velocity coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r sway acceleration coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r ,Y _vv ,Y _rr ,Y _vr sway velocity coefficients European Union-nominated Fellow of the Science and Technology Agency of Japan, Visiting Researcher, National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering of Japan     

刚柔耦合多体车辆操纵稳定性研究

利用多体动力学方法建立了基于ADAMS软件平台的整车刚柔耦合多体系统操纵动力学仿真分析模型。并分别对多刚体模型和刚柔耦合多体模型进行了“转向盘脉冲输入”、“ISO移线”仿真，分析了构件的柔性对汽车操纵稳定性的评价指标值的影响。     

帕克西桥承台吊箱围堰施工方法

简述了孟加拉国帕克西桥吊箱围堰的制造、浮运、以及在无潜水工作业的条件下吊箱围堰的安装、封底、拆除施工方法。     

边坡滑动面三维空间有限元分析

提出了一种用三维潜在滑移面法分析三维边坡滑动面及稳定性的新方法,该方法根据弹塑性有限元的应力分析结果,用数值积分方法确定边坡的潜在滑移面、最危险潜在滑移面和边坡稳定性安全系数,具有充分的理论依据。通过对大量三维边坡实例的稳定性安全系数及最危险滑动面的分析得出,三维边坡按平面边坡处理会引起较大的分析误差,三维边坡应该按三维问题进行分析。     

沙漠高速公路水泥稳定碎石基层施工技术研究

水泥稳定碎石基层的施工技术历来被公路施工单位所重视。以我国第一条沙漠高速公路-陕西榆(林)靖(边)高速公路为研究载体，通过高速公路水泥稳定基层的铺筑实践，从其配合比和施工技术两方面提出高等级公路水泥稳定基层设计和施工新技术，实践证明是合理、可行的。     

具有碎石基层的半刚性沥青混凝土路面的非线性有限元分析

在充分考虑碎石基层非线性(弹塑性)特性的基础上，采用非线性有限元法分析了吉林通化试验路3种路面结构面层底面及半刚性基层底面弯拉应力的变化规律，并对通化试验路2种具有碎石基层半刚性沥青混凝土路面结构的沥青混凝土面层的抗疲劳寿命进行了预估。     

浅谈半刚性基层裂缝产生原因及控制措施

半刚性材料在公路建设中的运用正越来越广泛,但施工中的裂缝往往很难避免.分析了裂缝的形成原因,并总结了在实际施工中的控制措施,提出了再生设备开发的几点建议.     

静风效应和架设方法对悬索桥施工过程颤振稳定性的影响研究

悬索桥在施工过程的结构刚度比较小,空气静力作用产生的非线性效应以及桥面主梁架设方法都将对悬索桥施工过程的颤振稳定性产生重要的影响。运用大跨度桥梁颤振分析的三维非线性方法,分析宜昌长江大桥采用不同主梁架设方法时的颤振稳定性变化趋势,并探讨静风效应和主梁架设方法对悬索桥施工过程颤振稳定性影响的程度、机理和规律。     

Bosch VDC系统的控制原理及展望

VDC系统(Vehicle Dynamics Control、车辆动力学控制系统，在美日等国称为VDC，而在欧洲称为ESP，Electronic Stability Program，即电子稳定程序)是Bosch公司1995年推出的用于改善车辆操纵稳定性的一种车辆动力学控制系统。VDC系统包括两个控制回路：控制车辆运动的主控制回路，控制制动和驱动滑移的副控制回路。文中详细介绍了这两个回路的工作原理，并给出了改善车辆操纵稳定性的实例。最后，指出了VDC系统的发展趋势。