盾构隧道开挖面被动极限支护压力的三维解析解

文章基于莫尔-库仑屈服准则,通过优化楔形块体的倾角并考虑土体粘聚力的影响,对现有的楔形块+倒棱台的土体破坏模型进行改进,建立了能够得到盾构隧道开挖面处于被动极限平衡状态下支护压力的三维计算模型;同时推导得出了相应的计算公式,并通过优化计算得到了开挖面处被动支护压力最小时楔形块体的倾角及极限支护压力;结合一算例,将所建模型的预测结果与经典的上限解进行了分析对比,验证了其合理性;最后探讨了土体内摩擦角、土体粘聚力、隧道上覆土厚度与隧道开挖面处被动极限压应力间的相互关系。研究结果表明:土体的粘聚力越大,开挖面处被动极限支护压应力越大,两者呈线性关系;土体的内摩擦角越大,被动极限支护压应力越大,且其变化速率也越快;随着隧道上覆土厚度的增加,被动极限支护压应力逐渐增加,且变化速率越来越快,两者之间近似呈指数函数关系。     

Decision support for simulating the car park activity in an urban area

Complexity of car park activity is reproduced from a concurrent execution of behaviour of various drivers. This paper presents a step in the development of a multimodal traffic simulator based on multi‐agent paradigm and designed as a decision aid tool as well as a video game. The user‐player has the opportunity to test different scenarios. We propose an approach for designing the decision‐making rules and the learning mechanism for a car driver agent. For that, a panel of methods such as stated preference modelling, Design Of Experiments and data fusion is used. Initial behavioural models, based on similar preferences, are developed for specified categories. Each agent will adapt its behaviour after executing its learning process. Our approach can be used in order to optimize needs of road network users and those of people in charge of traffic regulation. A demonstrator has been developed to test parking policies in an urban area as well as changes of car park characteristics.     

煤矸石地层隧道塌方处理技术

在煤矸石隧道中出现塌方时,要通过地表注浆加固和隧道内长大管棚注浆,来达到内外兼治的目的;再配合超前小导管注浆,重新开挖隧道塌体,对隧道塌方进行综合治理,以保证施工及运营安全。文章结合吉林省某隧道处理塌方的工程实践,着重论述了不同岩体条件下的注浆技术及塌方体内大管棚安装技术,可为类似地质条件下的施工提供借鉴和参考。     

Dynamic Evaluation of Reliability and Stability of the Primary Support of a Tunnel北大核心CSCD

The evaluation of the stability of a tunnel’s primary support is a crucial component of ensuring the safety of subsequent construction. In light of the measured clearance displacements of the Wushishan Tunnel, the reliabili-ty of the primary support is evaluated dynamically and the design of the support structure is optimized. The research results show that full displacement and ultimate displacement are two main parameters for tunnel reliability analy-sis: the former can be obtained by positive and negative analysis, and the latter can be acquired by simulating a field measurement of displacement. It is not sufficient to apply the data specified in the code for railway tunnel design re-liability regarding determination of the reliability of a road tunnel structure using reliability theory, and it is neces-sary to use reliability theory to amend the standard of allowable empirical displacement in the Code of Road Tunnel Design. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Influence of Pit Foundation Excavation on an Adjacent Metro北大核心CSCD

With the development of urban metro systems, the influence of foundation pit construction on metro fa-cilities and related protection measures are getting more and more attention. A technical program for metro assess-ment at different phases of foundation pit construction is proposed using the statistics and analysis of a foundation pit of the Hangzhou metro. Qualitative and quantitative methods for analyzing the influence that foundation pit exca-vation has on metro systems are studied, and a series of protective measures suitable for foundation pit construction are summarized. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

"新二管法"在深基坑止水帷幕中的应用

"新二管法"是一种新型的深基坑止水方法.文章以广佛地铁I标工程深基坑涌水处治为例,介绍了"新二管法"高压喷射灌浆工艺在深基坑止水帷幕中的应用.     

护拱回填暗挖法隧道支护结构安全性评价

文章依托九景衢铁路荆生坞隧道工程,介绍了护拱回填暗挖法的施工步序,利用弹性理论推导了护拱与初期支护拱部的围岩荷载分担比例计算公式,采用极限平衡理论建立了边墙处围岩受力模型,推导了初期支护边墙附加围岩压力计算公式,最后通过建立荷载-结构模型,计算了护拱和初期支护的内力、安全系数,评价了护拱和初期支护安全性。结果表明:初期支护围岩荷载分担比例与护拱和初期支护的弹性模量、厚度有关,荆生坞隧道初期支护围岩荷载分担系数约为30%;护拱拱脚竖向压力导致边墙上部围岩沿破裂面滑动,对初期支护边墙上部产生一个水平向的附加围岩压力;九景衢铁路荆生坞隧道护拱回填暗挖段护拱和初期支护均处于安全状态,初期支护安全性随围岩荷载分担系数的增大而略有降低。     

钱塘江边超深基坑承压水治理技术探究

随着杭州市城市地下空间的发展和地铁的建设,深基坑工程施工面临的承压水治理问题也越来越突出。该文以一些相关工程案例为素材,探讨钱塘江古河床区的圆砾层承压含水的治理技术。通过探讨,试图寻找一种经济合理、科学可行的解决方法,为类似工程提供参考。     

滑动支座在弱连体结构中的设计使用

该文结合虹桥临空10-3地块1#楼项目,基于滑动支座的自身特点,分析了弱连接体结构的设计思路及滑动支座在该类型项目上的使用,为其他弱连接体结构的设计提供参考。     

基坑三维弹性地基梁法中m值的确定方法

数值分析是预测基坑工程变形响应的重要手段,三维弹性地基梁法是一种简化的基坑工程开挖数值模拟方法,m值的确定是三维弹性地基梁法的关键。依托上海地区地铁车站基坑,提出了结合有限元的多目标反分析参数确定理论与算法,以不同开挖工况中基坑长边和短边的围护墙体水平位移作为目标,分析确定m值。对基坑开挖施工过程用ABAQUS进行有限元模拟,同时选取AMALGAM算法,利用MATLAB对基坑工程中的土体参数进行反分析。对比发现,根据基坑开挖前一步实测变形确定的计算参数能够有效预测下一步开挖变形,证实了多目标反分析对后续施工步预测的精确度,并且得到了长寿路车站基坑第二至第六步的m值的反分析结果,可作为基坑工程的借鉴。