浅谈农村公路桥梁养护与管理对策

文章总结了＂十一五＂期间广西岑溪市农村公路建设取得的成绩,分析了当前岑溪市农村公路桥梁养护与管理的现状及存在问题,提出了＂十二五＂期间岑溪市农村公路桥梁养护与管理的相关对策。     

Formalizing a subset of ERTMS/ETCS specifications for verification purposes

ERTMS is the standard railway control-command and signaling system which aims to ensure railway interoperability throughout Europe while enhancing safety and competitiveness. ERTMS is composed of two main subsystems which include GSM-R, a radio system for enabling communication between the train and the traffic management center and ETCS, an automatic train protection system (ATP) to replace the existing national ATP systems. The ERTMS specifications are defined by means of standard documents which set out the requirements ensuring interoperability. These documents evolve regularly to give rise to successive versions. The ERTMS/ETCS standard defines different levels and operation modes according to various trackside and onboard setups and some operational conditions. Given the complexity and the high criticality of railway operation, verification and validation (V&V) are crucial tasks in railway application development.In this paper, after setting the background and the motivations, a mechanizable formalization of a subset of ERTMS/ETCS specifications relative to ETCS modes and transitions is developed. The present work aims to offer a readily available model for formal V&V. Using formal techniques to check SRS is highly recommended to tackle the complexity of the defined requirements and prevent specification errors. Model-checking technique, which is targeted here, offers exhaustive analysis of the system behavior based on its model and is highly automated, since it is supported by software tools. Based on the last available version of SRS specifications, a progressive process is undertaken to get a formal model which makes explicit the various modes characterized by their respective active functions, as well as the numerous combinations of conditions for switching between modes. The various steps guiding the translation of the SRS literal specifications into a formal model are explained. As will be shown through different examples, the obtained model is a convenient basis to check safety, interoperability and liveness properties.     

铁路工程建设通用参考图《铁路T梁预制场平面布置图》内容要点和应用解析

T梁预制场是铁路建设中重要的大型临时工程之一,建设预制场的首要工作是规划与平面布局设计。为实现T梁预制场设计标准化和建设规范化,编制铁路工程建设通用参考图《铁路T梁预制场平面布置图》(通桥[2015]8303)。结合课题成果和工程实践,对通用参考图的技术特点、适用范围、内容组成、编制原则及相关注意事项进行论述,以求更好地对通用参考图宣贯和释义。     

客货共线铁路T梁圆端形空心墩参考图总体设计

结合客货共线铁路简支T梁圆端形空心墩参考图的设计,对设计空心墩的总体性要素、构造尺寸的确定进行详细分析,总结空心墩设计时需计算的项目及计算的原则。采用合理设计方案和结构尺寸,可以获得桥墩合适的刚度,节省墩身和基础材料,简化施工,提高模板的利用率,达到降低工程造价的目的。     

杭州湾跨海大桥监测系统中应变传感器的优化布点

传感器优化布点问题是大桥监测系统的重要研究课题之一,针对在建的世界上最长的跨海大桥之一———杭州湾跨海大桥,对健康与安全监测系统中应变传感器的优化布点问题进行了研究,该文主要通过基于结构应变模态得到的广义应变能密度对桥梁应变传感器布点进行分析,并且综合考虑实际测试的情况,结合恒载作用下结构的应变情况,得出大桥应变传感器的布点,实现结构状态信息的最优采集。     

电动汽车CAN总线通用协议的应用研究

以类菱形混合动力电动汽车(qr_HEV)研制过程中的具体应用为背景,以CAN总线的车辆应用层通信标准SAE J1939为参考,针对各种类型电动汽车的特点,提出了一种通用协议CN2004(包括CN2004A和CN2004B),并对29位ID的通信协议CN2004B进行了详细的介绍,在qr_HEV上的运用实践表明该协议是可行的。     

浅谈废轮胎橡胶沥青的应用研究

概述废轮胎橡胶沥青在美国的发展与应用情况，在大量文献的检索与整理中，介绍了废轮胎橡胶粉多种制作工法、相关检测规范及质量控制指标，讨论了今后我省废轮胎橡胶沥青应用研究方向。     

27t轴重通用货车应用下调车场连挂区调速控制研究

27 t轴重通用货车的应用给调车场连挂区调速控制提出了新问题。分析27 t轴重通用货车单位基本阻力更小、溜放动能更大等特点,减速顶对27 t轴重通用货车制动功的减小、临界制动速度的上浮等特性,以及与既有货车混合应用后超速连挂风险的增加、调速控制复杂性的增大等问题。通过模型建立、参数标定及仿真计算,得到减速顶对27 t轴重通用货车制动功的减幅及临界制动速度的漂移量。为解决27 t轴重与既有货车混合应用下调车场连挂区调速控制问题,提出3种调速控制方案,仿真计算显示,在满足27 t轴重通用货车调速控制、难行车不利溜放、最短溜放距离等约束下,增加布顶与调整坡度相结合的方案最优。     

Simulating deep CO2 emission reduction in transport in a general equilibrium framework: The GEM-E3T model

Transport sector restructuring to achieve deep GHG emission cuts has attracted much attention because transportation is important for the economy and inflexible in greenhouse gas emission reduction. The aim of this paper is to simulate transition towards low carbon transportation in the European Union until 2050 and to assess the ensuing macroeconomic and sectorial impacts. Transport restructuring is dynamically simulated using a new transport-oriented version of the computable general equilibrium model GEM-E3 which is linked with the PRIMES-TREMOVE energy and transport sectors model. The analysis draws from comparing a reference scenario projection for the EU member-states up to 2050 to alternative transport policy scenarios and sensitivities which involve deep cutting of CO₂ emissions. The simulations show that transport restructuring affects the economy through multiple channels, including investment in infrastructure, the purchasing and manufacturing of new technology vehicles, the production of alternative fuels, such as biofuels and electricity. The analysis identifies positive impacts of industrial activity and other sectors stemming from these activities. However, the implied costs of freight and passenger transportation are of crucial importance for the net impact on GDP and income. Should the transport sector transformation imply high unit costs of transport services, crowding out effects in the economy can offset the benefits. This implies that the technology and productivity progress assumptions can be decisive for the sign of GDP impacts. A robust conclusion is that the transport sector decarbonisation, is likely to have only small negative impacts on the EU GDP compared to business as usual.     

海洋核动力平台大破口事故下安全壳压力控制与影响

安全壳是海洋核动力平台的核安全二级耐压舱室,包容反应堆及一回路系统,是设计基准事故工况下限制放射性物质对环境释放的重要屏障。海洋核动力平台采用分散式压水堆型,主管道大破口是一种严重的设计基准事故,导致安全壳内产生高压高温的放射性气体。文章通过对安全壳压力控制技术的对比研究,提出了海洋核动力平台安全壳设计适合采用湿阱抑压控制措施的建议,并研究了压力控制对总体方案改进带来的收益,对海洋核动力平台总体方案设计具有指导意义。