RLWT与APA车辙试验加载模式比较分析

旋转车辙仪(RLW T-R otary Loaded W hee l T ester or R u tm eter)于20世纪90年代末开始在美国出现,因其轻便、易用,迅速受到关注。研究表明,RLW T与沥青路面分析仪(APA)、国际车辙仪的相关性都不理想。本文利用数字图像处理技术对RLW T与APA车辙试验的加载模式进行了分析,通过量测RLW T试件、APA试件与原样试件中粗集料颗粒长轴与X轴夹角的差异,得出结论:RLW T与APA车辙试验的加载模式存在较大差异。     

数字电子调速器的设计与应用

数字电子调速器是实现直列柱塞泵柴油机电子控制的有效方案.介绍了利用线性比例电磁铁作为执行器,以Mortorola的MC9S12DP256 MCU为主控芯片,在CodeWarrier集成开发环境下开发了相应的控制程序,实现了柴油机的数字调速,并应用于LR6105Q柴油机.测试结果表明,发动机稳态调速率小于2.5%,符合各类常规设备动力的调速要求;发动机的两级调速转矩特性符合车辆的动力特性要求.     

图像滤波处理技术在海洋调查图像处理中的应用

对海洋工程的图像进行去噪、增强以及边缘提取等深层次处理,可提高信息的利用率.针对传统方法的欠缺和不足,利用图像变换获得的时频域特性与多分辨分析.讨论图像滤波处理在图像去噪、增强、边缘提取方面的应用,并给出实验结果.     

集中管理模式下编组场无线通信方案的选择简

丰台西编组站进行集中化管理改造后,既有调车通信系统难以满足需求.比较数字对讲、GSM-R系统、模拟制式电台3种方案,最终采用数字化对讲方案作为丰台西编组场调车系统无线通信方案.     

基于RFID技术的混凝土搅拌站车辆管理系统

混凝土搅拌站运输车大流量运输作业过程中,传统的人工管理计数、统计、调度、监控等环节的工作十分繁琐,且效率低下。针对人工管理模式的缺陷进行信息化管理模式的改进,将RFID(无线射频识别)技术与计算机软件技术相结合,对进出搅拌站的运输车辆实行无人值守的管理,克服了传统方法的弊端。设备安全耐用,使用方便,系统灵敏可靠,提高了工作效率和经济效益,具有很强的实用性。     

基于VRML的虚拟现实技术在数字管道中的应用

介绍了虚拟现实建模语言(VRML),将基于VRML的虚拟现实技术和HTML、 JavaScript相结合,并应用到数字管道中,构建了真实感强、交互性强的可视化虚拟石油管道场景和管道泄漏模型,实现了石油管道虚拟场景的漫游,以及用户与虚拟场景的交互,并及时、直观地反映管道泄漏.应用结果表明:将基于VRML的网络交互式虚拟现实技术应用到数字管道,促进了数字管道的信息共享,提高了数字管道的决策管理效率.     

就地热再生沥青混合料均匀性的细观评价指标

就地热再生能直接在现场一次性完成路面修复，但因其材料组成和施工工艺复杂等极易出现混合料不均匀问题，为解决此问题，尝试从集料入手，对就地热再生沥青混合料均匀性的评价指标进行研究。首先，采用数码相机获取就地热再生沥青混合料试件截面的数字图像，基于数字图像处理技术识别截面中所有新旧集料的细观结构；然后，采用环扇分割法将截面分成36个等面积区域，基于区域集料颗粒面积比和新集料颗粒偏离度分别提出集料均匀性评价指标D和新集料均匀性评价指标H；最后，通过改变RAP加热温度、RAP拌和时间、新沥青混合料拌和温度与新旧料混合时间4个因素，进行正交试验，进一步分析均匀性指标的变化规律和可靠性。结果表明：环形分区结合OTSU阈值分割方法可准确识别沥青混合料截面图像中的集料信息，保留绿色通道的方法可有效识别不同灰度值的新旧集料；对试件截面均匀性的定性分析初步验证了这2个均匀性指标的有效性；RAP加热温度与新沥青混合料拌和温度对D影响显著，RAP加热温度和新旧料混合时间对H影响显著；而且，随着RAP加热温度、新沥青混合料温度和新旧料混合时间的增加，就地热再生混合料的均匀性变好，这与以往的研究结论相一致，进一步验证了这2个均匀性评价指标的可靠性。     

一种摆式列车未平衡加速度测量仪的研究

介绍了一在于单摆的高精度数字测量仪，采用磁电涡流阻尼和光电编码器摆角的结构，它适合于测量车体的理论与实际倾斜角的误差，从而测量对应的未平衡加速度。对测量原理进行了分析，同时介绍了实验室条件下试验的结果。     

Identification of potential sites for deep-ocean waste isolation with a geographic site-selection model

Identification of optimal sites for the isolation of waste on the abyssal seafloor was performed with two approaches: by the traditional method of map overlays of relevant attributes, and by a specially developed, automated Site-Selection Model (SSM). Five initial, Surrogate Sites, identified with the map-overlay approach, were then compared with the more rigorously produced scores from the SSM. The SSM, a process for optimization of site locations, accepts subjective, expert-based judgments and transforms them into a quantitative, reproducible, and documented product. The SSM is adaptable to any siting scenario. Forty-one factors relevant to the isolation scenario, including 21 weightable factors having a total of 123 scorable categories, have been entered into the SSM. Factors are grouped under project definition, unique environments, anthropogenic, geologic, biologic, weather, oceanographic and distance criteria. The factor scores are linked to a georeferenced database array of all factors, corresponding to 1°×1° latitude–longitude squares. The SSM includes a total of 2241 one-degree squares within 1000 n.m. of the U.S. coasts, including the western North Atlantic, the Gulf of Mexico, and the eastern North Pacific. Under a carefully weighted and scored scenario of isolation, the most favorable sites identified with the SSM are on the Hatteras and Nares Abyssal Plains in the Atlantic. High-scoring sites are also located in the Pacific abyssal hills province between the Murray and Molokai Fracture Zones. Acceptable 1° squares in the Gulf of Mexico are few and of lower quality, with the optimum location on the northern Sigsbee Abyssal Plain. Two of the five Surrogate Site locations, on the Hatteras and Sigsbee Abyssal Plains, correspond to the best SSM sites in each ocean area. Two Pacific and a second Atlantic Surrogate Site are located in low-scoring regions or excluded by the SSM. Site-selection results from the SSM, although robust, are an initial attempt to quantify the site-selection process. The SSM database exposes a significant lack of high-quality information for many areally mappable attributes on the abyssal seafloor, particularly bottom-current speed and measures of biologic productivity and flux. Terminologies and classifications of some measures, such as sediment types, suffer from parochialism and vary by ocean. Considerable research is needed even for a broad understanding of the environmental measures required to make sound societal decisions about use of the abyssal seafloor for disposal or other purposes.     

基于数字信号处理的直接转矩控制研究

直接转矩控制因控制简单、具有优良的动静态特性，在电机控制中应用越来越广泛。但它在低速区的局限也较多。随着数字信号处（Digital Signal Processing，缩写DSP）技术的发展，使得改善其低速控制特性成为可能。文中简介了直棼转矩控制技术的特点、控制原理及难点，探讨了一种应用DSP技术的直接转矩控制方法。