CRH1型动车组意外紧急制动成因及应急策略

对CRH1型动车组正常运行时意外紧急制动的原因进行分析,并根据安全回路故障、气动阀故障及制动计算机故障等意外紧急制动原因,制定出恰当的应急策略,以切实提高铁路运输经济效益。     

再论我国列车空气制动力计算参数的成套性原则

介绍我国客货列车空气制动力的计算参数.论述制动力计算中的基础制动装置计算传动效率、实算闸瓦压力和闸瓦实算摩擦系数的成套性.指出《列车牵引计算规程》规定的实算摩擦系数是根据实算闸瓦压力试验出来的,而试验时用的实算闸瓦压力又是按基础制动装置的计算传动效率计算的,所以在计算列车空气制动力时,其中的实算闸瓦压力必须用计算传动效率计算.否则不能得出正确的计算结果.     

跨座式单轨车辆技术国产化

跨座式单轨车辆从技术引进至今已经走过10个年头。最初的重庆单轨2号线采用从国外引进的跨座式单轨系统,在项目国产化的实施过程中,掌握了部分核心技术,取得了部分创新性科技成果。近几年,通过重庆单轨3号线、国产化单轨车、2号线延长线等几个项目的执行,对车辆关键的牵引、制动及网络系统均实现了国产化,取得了可喜的成果。掌握跨座式单轨车辆核心技术,对关键部件实施国产化,已经成为发展单轨交通的必由之路。     

大连快轨车辆制动控制旁路开关改造方案

针对大连快轨车辆制动控制电路的故障案例进行分析,得出故障产生的原因多数是由于安全连锁电路断开造成。为解决这一问题,提出加装旁路开关的解决措施,有效避免了因车辆制动系统无法缓解导致救援事故的发生,从而保证车辆正点运营秩序。     

多轴分布式电驱动车辆电液复合制动控制研究

针对多轴分布式电机驱动车辆电液复合制动中易出现的车辆制动抖动问题,提出了一种建压阶段电机制动力修正策略和一种基于前馈-反馈的协调控制策略,分别在建压阶段和其他阶段通过协调复合制动力来解决制动抖动的问题。针对防抱死控制系统与电机制动系统共同作用时的制动矛盾,提出了一种基于PID 控制的ABS控制策略,主要通过改变电机制动力来解决制动矛盾的问题。通过TruckSim、Matlab/Simulink及AMESim联合仿真验证,制动冲击度在建压阶段下降了 20.66%,在电机退出阶段下降了 92.59%,驾驶感觉得到明显改善。而 ABS控制策略也可在保证理想滑移率的同时完成制动能量回收;结合整车制动试验,表明协调控制策略在保证制动效果良好的同时实现了制动能量回收,效果显著。     

Distributed and self-adaptive vehicle speed estimation in the composite braking case for four-wheel drive hybrid electric car

Considering the controllability and observability of the braking torques of the hub motor, Integrated Starter Generator (ISG), and hydraulic brake for four-wheel drive (4WD) hybrid electric cars, a distributed and self-adaptive vehicle speed estimation algorithm for different braking situations has been proposed by fully utilising the Electronic Stability Program (ESP) sensor signals and multiple powersource signals. Firstly, the simulation platform of a 4WD hybrid electric car was established, which integrates an electronic-hydraulic composited braking system model and its control strategy, a nonlinear seven degrees-of-freedom vehicle dynamics model, and the Burckhardt tyre model. Secondly, combining the braking torque signals with the ESP signals, self-adaptive unscented Kalman sub-filter and main-filter adaptable to the observation noise were, respectively, designed. Thirdly, the fusion rules for the sub-filters and master filter were proposed herein, and the estimation results were compared with the simulated value of a real vehicle speed. Finally, based on the hardware in-the-loop platform and by picking up the regenerative motor torque signals and wheel cylinder pressure signals, the proposed speed estimation algorithm was tested under the case of moderate braking on the highly adhesive road, and the case of Antilock Braking System (ABS) action on the slippery road, as well as the case of ABS action on the icy road. Test results show that the presented vehicle speed estimation algorithm has not only a high precision but also a strong adaptability in the composite braking case.     

Advanced vehicle dynamics of heavy trucks with the perspective of road safety

ABSTRACT

This paper presents state-of-the art within advanced vehicle dynamics of heavy trucks with the perspective of road safety. The most common accidents with heavy trucks involved are truck against passenger cars. Safety critical situations are for example loss of control (such as rollover and lateral stability) and a majority of these occur during speed when cornering. Other critical situations are avoidance manoeuvre and road edge recovery. The dynamic behaviour of heavy trucks have significant differences compared to passenger cars and as a consequence, successful application of vehicle dynamic functions for enhanced safety of trucks might differ from the functions in passenger cars. Here, the differences between vehicle dynamics of heavy trucks and passenger cars are clarified. Advanced vehicle dynamics solutions with the perspective of road safety of trucks are presented, beginning with the topic vehicle stability, followed by the steering system, the braking system and driver assistance systems that differ in some way from that of passenger cars as well.     

An integrated control strategy for the composite braking system of an electric vehicle with independently driven axles

For an electric vehicle with independently driven axles, an integrated braking control strategy was proposed to coordinate the regenerative braking and the hydraulic braking. The integrated strategy includes three modes, namely the hybrid composite mode, the parallel composite mode and the pure hydraulic mode. For the hybrid composite mode and the parallel composite mode, the coefficients of distributing the braking force between the hydraulic braking and the two motors' regenerative braking were optimised offline, and the response surfaces related to the driving state parameters were established. Meanwhile, the six-sigma method was applied to deal with the uncertainty problems for reliability. Additionally, the pure hydraulic mode is activated to ensure the braking safety and stability when the predictive failure of the response surfaces occurs. Experimental results under given braking conditions showed that the braking requirements could be well met with high braking stability and energy regeneration rate, and the reliability of the braking strategy was guaranteed on general braking conditions.     

船舶微电网接入方式及匹配模式研究

本文研究了船舶微电网的接入方式和匹配模式问题。研究表明,陆地微电网的几种典型接入方式并不适用于船舶微电网,进而提出包含应急启动功能的船舶微电网初步解决方案;随后对与船舶微电网相匹配的主电网模式问题进行研究,通过建立综合评价指标,发现船舶微电网接入对馈线式电网模式的综合指标提升最为明显。