钢筋混凝土阻锈剂电迁移阻锈技术

迁移型阻锈剂是抑制混凝土中钢筋腐蚀的材料之一,但对于致密的混凝土,其迁移能力有限。采用电化学方法在含C1-的混凝土模拟孔隙液中筛选3种迁移性有机阻锈剂,研究在自然和电场条件下阻锈剂在钢筋混凝土试件中的渗透和对钢筋的阻锈能力。试验结果表明,BE对钢筋的阻锈效果优于市售同类国外产品,其对钢筋的阴极和阳极电化学过程均有抑制作用,是一种混合型阻锈剂;电场作用能加速BE在混凝土中的渗透,提高阻锈效果。     

Local Level Fisheries Management in Diani-Chale,Kenya: Current Status and Future Directions

The current regime of fisheries management and the prospects for attaining a more locally oriented, collaborative system of fisheries management in Diani-Chale, Kenya are examined. At present fisheries management in Diani-Chale is characterized by diminished government capacity for regulation, weakened local institutions, and little ability to exert control over the use of fisheries. Local level management requires the development and use of local institutions that can govern the use of fishery resources. The fish landing sites used by fishers and their associated fishing grounds were identified to be at the appropriate level for resolving fishery management issues. A more formal role for these entities, the clarification of fishing ground tenure and access rights, and support for the development and enforcement of local fishing rules can further local management. The socioeconomic condition of fishers, their fear of losing landing sites, and the continued perception of the imposition of a marine reserve pose barriers to initiatives seeking to further local level management.     

Corrosion rate measurements in steel sheet pile walls in a marine environment

Corrosion of steel structures in the marine environment is a major problem. The deterioration of this kind of structures is costly and difficult to predict both when designing new structures and when estimating the remaining service life time for existing structures. The aim of this investigation was to find indicative values for the corrosion rate of steel sheet piles on the Swedish west coast. Such corrosion rates (mm/year) can be used both when designing new structures by oversizing the steel thickness and when estimating the bearing capacity of existing sheet pile structures. Earlier investigations on the corrosion rates along the Swedish east coast – with salinity from about 0.2% to 0.8% – are still used today as guidelines for the corrosion rate of all steel structures in the Swedish maritime environment even though the salinity on the west coast can be as high as 3.0%.Steel sheet pile wharfs located in the port of Halmstad on the Swedish west coast were inspected by ultrasonic measurements. Three wharf structures with a total length of about 700 m were inspected. None of the inspected wharfs had or have had cathodic protection. The thickness measurements of the steel sheet pile structures were performed by divers.The age of the three inspected sheet pile structures ranged from 36 to 51 years. The dimensions of the original sheet pile sections are known. One of the quay structures is located along a river. The salinity at all wharfs varied from low values at the surface to approx. 2% at the bottom (also in the river outflow).The measured average corrosion rates were in the same order as the design values in the European code. However, the results indicate increased corrosion rates about 1 m below the mean water surface and at the level of the propellers from the ships berthing the most frequented of the inspected wharfs, 3–6 m below water surface.The tolerances of steel sheet thicknesses – usually in the order of ±6% – are often neglected when investigating the remaining thickness in steel sheet piles. A simple calculation model shows that the sheet pile must be almost 50 years of age before an accurate estimation on the corrosion rate can be made, considering the tolerances, if the true original sheet pile thickness is not known.     

船舶主机机旁自动化系统设计常见问题剖析

提出船舶船舶主机机旁自动化系统设计中几个常见的问题,并对进行剖析,提出改进措施,供设计、生产及检验单位参考,避免类似问题的重复发生。     

In situ colonization of marine biofilms on UNS S32760 duplex stainless steel coupons in areas with different water qualities: Implications for corrosion potential behavior

In the presence of biofilms, stainless steels （SS） exhibits an increase in corrosion potential, called ennoblement. In the present study, the corrosion potential （Eco,） behavior of the duplex SS UNS S32760 was recorded simultaneously with the in situ marine biofilm formation in two areas at Arraial do Cabo, Southeastern Brazil. The biofilm at Forno Harbor （an anthropogenically disturbed area） was characterized by higher relative abundances of Bacteria at day 2, followed by diatoms （especially Navicula sp.） on day 10 and dinoflagellates on day 18, whereas no clear trend was recorded at Cabo Frio Island （an undisturbed area）. The ennoblement of Ecor values was site-dependent. In a complementary laboratory assay, biofilms were removed and the Eco values registered in sterile conditions for the subsequent 10 days and corroborated in situ results. Understanding biofilms and SS interactions has important implications for materials science and engineering decisions as well as helping to fill in imnortant gaps in this knowledge.     

拉压杆模型在预应力连续梁桥局部分析中的应用

在预应力深梁拉压杆模型的基础上,根据结构局部分析原理,研究提出了预应力连续梁局部等效转化成预应力深梁的局部拉压杆模型分析方法。利用此方法对某预应力连续梁桥局部梁段建立拉压杆模型,验算配筋和强度。结果表明:利用文中提出的方法建立拉压杆模型用于预应力连续梁桥局部分析是合理有效的。     

预应力锚索腐蚀原理与防腐技术方法初探

从腐蚀机理出发,阐述预应力锚索受腐蚀的现状及其防腐蚀的技术方法,提出浅显的建议。     

混凝土自锚式悬索桥锚固区应力分析

结合某混凝土自锚式悬索桥工程,分析了该桥锚固区部位混凝土应力的分布特点及变化规律。根据计算结果,确定了主梁的合理施工方案,避免了混凝土主梁产生过大的拉应力,其计算结果及设计思路对同类工程有一定的参考价值。     

钢管桩三层熔结环氧粉末涂敷技术

杭州湾跨海大桥位于强潮河口浅海湾内,其基础工程处在潮差大、水流急、含砂量高和海水腐蚀性强等恶劣环境中,钢管桩防腐蚀采用三层熔结环氧粉末涂敷。钢管桩涂装生产线,日最大涂敷能力达6 800 m2,涂敷工艺处于国内领先水平,涂敷质量优于其他工艺。     

金属清洗剂SP-8310的研制与应用

为克服用有机溶剂清洗工件毒性大、易燃、污染环境等缺点,研制、开发出水基清洗剂SP-8310。介绍了SP-8310的配方设计依据及其组成,并对SP-8310进行了清洗能力试验、防锈性试验、腐蚀性试验和消泡性能试验。结果表明,SP-8310具有低温、低泡、清洗力好、防锈性强等特点,已在一些公司获得应用。