Dynamics of ships running aground

A comprehensive dynamic model is presented for analysis of the transient loads and responses of the hull girder of ships running aground on relatively plane sand, gravel, or rock sea bottoms. Depending on the seabed soil characteristics and the geometry of the ship bow, the bow will plow into the seabed to some extent. The soil forces are determined by a mathematical model based on a theory for frictional soils in rupture and dynamic equilibrium of the fluid phase in the saturated soil. The hydrodynamic pressure forces acting on the decelerated ship hull are determined by taking into account the effect of shallow water. Hydrodynamic memory effects on the transient hull motions are modeled by application of an impulse response technique. The ship hull is modeled as an elastic beam to determine the structural response in the form of flexural and longitudinal stress waves caused by the transient ground reaction and hydrodynamic forces. A number of numerical analysis results are presented for a VLCC running aground. The results include bow trajectory in the seabed, time variation of the grounding force, and the maximum values of the sectional shear forces and bending moments in the hull girder.     

编组站驼峰车辆溜放速度控制系统的研究

以计算机和红外线传感器为主，研制了编组站驼峰车组溜放速度控制系统，系统通过检测车辆溜放的速度，计算出所需制动力的大小，通过缓器对车辆溜放进行速度控制，并具有对解体车辆自动计数，各种故障报警等功能。     

Dynamic Simulation of a Smart Crank and Slider Mechanism

In this paper, a smart crank and slider mechanism is analyzed mostly from a dynamic view. By means of dynamic explicit finite element method, 3D nonlinear structure is simulated. It is proved that the mechanism can effectively accomplish smart movement prescribed. And in order to ensure reciprocal movement with higher frequency, measures should be taken to avoid over heating of parts. Compared with internal energy, kinetic energy of total rigid body is dominating, and Y direction equivalent rigid velocity is much higher than X direction velocity. Equivalent rigid velocity of all parts is consistent with respective movement condition. For both energy and velocity, slider effect is dominating. Three direction equivalent inertia force oscillates. Force amplitude in Y -direction is comparitively the greatest.     

使用构件和零件的实际疲劳特性进行车辆疲劳寿命预测

疲劳寿命计算是机械设计的重要步骤,而利用标称应力和可比构件或零件的实际疲劳特性这一疲劳分析方法是疲劳寿命计算的有效方法。本文详细地阐述其计算原理和具体步骤,并将此疲劳分析方法应用于货车车辆实际的疲劳计算中,验证了该方法具有很好的应用价值。     

Impacts of motor vehicle operation on water quality in the US – Cleanup costs and policies

This paper investigates the costs of controlling some of the environmental impacts of motor vehicle transportation on groundwater and on surface waters. We estimate that annualized costs of cleaning-up leaking underground storage tanks range from $0.8 billion to $2.1 billion per year over 10 years. Annualized costs of controlling highway runoff from principal arterials in the US are much larger: they range from $2.9 billion to $15.6 billion per year over 20 years (1.6–8.3% of annualized highway transportation expenditures). Some causes of non-point source pollution were unintentionally created by regulations or could be addressed by simple design changes of motor vehicles. A review of applicable measures suggests that effective policies should combine economic incentives, information campaigns, and enforcement, coupled with preventive environmental measures. In general, preventing water pollution from motor vehicles would be much cheaper than cleaning it up.     

现代船舶动力定位系统设计

围绕现代动力定位系统的设计问题,讨论系统的构建、数学建模、控制器设计和推力器的推力分配,重点给出了基于扩展Kalman滤波的动力定位LQG控制器设计算法。     

基于多点电喷LPG发动机的非空调车置换改造

介绍了使用长春一汽CA6GH-L多点电喷LPG单燃料发动机，对10m非空调车进行改装后出现的故障情况分析了故障原因，提出了相应的系统解决方案，简述了取得的预期效果和改装成果。     

单磁铁系统的稳定性与仿真分析

采用带状态观测器的气隙-速度-加速度反馈控制系统,在多体系统仿真软件SIMPACK平台上,考虑悬浮系统、电磁系统及控制系统的耦合作用,建立单磁铁-轨道梁-控制器的综合模型,模拟磁浮列车在弹性轨道梁上静止悬浮的过程,分析轨道梁的特征对车轨耦合振动的影响,研究共振的产生及解决方法,为磁悬浮列车的整车静止悬浮稳定性分析提供依据。     

城市轨道车辆牵引仿真计算

分析了城市轨道车辆牵引计算的动态数学模型,通过预算列车特性为其逆变器和电动机的选型提供参考;简要介绍了用面向对象的C++语言实现的仿真计算程序。实践表明该软件具有一定的实用价值。     

基于UML的C4ISR传感器动态处理模型仿真

现代军事仿真需要建立军事对抗活动中的各类模型，包括武器平台模型、作战模型以及决策模型等，传感器功能仿真模型在系统的开发和研制过程中具有重要意义。如何建立出有效的传感器处理模型来保证信息输入的可靠性和真实性是各类C^4ISR系统都面临的问题，使用统一建模语言（UML）对传感器处理模型进行可视化建模，首先使用用例图和顺序图对C^4ISR系统中2维或者3维传感器工作流程建模，然后使用活动图对整个处理流程和每个处理流程来描述问题的细节，为系统分析员、设计人员和开发人员提供了不同的分析问题、解决问题的视角，使从事C^4ISR系统传感器仿真研究的相关人员可以参考该文提出的模型进行软件开发。