城市轨道交通网络化运营辅助决策与应急平台

根据城市轨道交通网络化运营特点和需求,构建城市轨道交通网络化运营辅助决策与应急平台.按照轨道交通运营管理模式,建立3级递阶的系统结构,通过标准化的接口技术实现多源异构信息的交互和融合.以监控信息衍生支持分级分类预警、行车监控分段关联转换即时定位、线网动态客流分析等关键技术为基础生成共享信息源,为轨道交通换乘站运力协调、交通枢纽接驳疏散、应急状态下的资源调配等提供决策支持.实现了专业化的信息共享和多种通讯传输的软硬件与业务的应用集成.工程应用表明,平台提高了城市轨道交通网络化运营与应急管理的便捷性和高效性.     

应急调度指挥通信系统的研究与应用

通过分析应急行业的传输需求,由此引出无线图像传输系统的研究,并对系统的组成、原理和应用作了介绍。     

地铁信号故障模拟演练系统的设计与实现

介绍广州地铁信号故障模拟演练系统研究与开发中运用的案例推理和工作流的关键技术,并将两种技术结合,提出了基于CBR与工作流引擎的地铁应急演练系统的架构,它通过CBR生成预案,并为新的事件发生提供智能决策。同时又结合了工作流技术对于突发事件进行演练,实现了预案在多个角色之间的流转,提高了地铁对突发事件的应急处理的效率和准确性。     

紧急事件智能通知系统在北京地铁中的应用

介绍北京地铁紧急事件通知系统的组成,分析其存在的重要性并给出解决方案,探讨紧急事件通知系统在北京地铁的应用与发展.     

柴油机拉缸及应急处理措施

拉缸故障是柴油机的常见故障之一。文章分析了柴油机拉缸事故发生的主要原因,阐述了预防拉缸事故的方法,同时提出了拉缸事故发生后的应急处理措施。     

高速公路突发事件快速响应与决策平台构建

针对高速公路突发事件应急响应滞后、处置效率不高的问题,从突发事件的自动发现、影响评估、预案生成、资源配置、效果评估等多维角度进行系统全面的研究,推动建立跨区域跨部门应急联动救援机制。采用GIS地图技术、Electron框架技术等方法构建基于分布协作的高速公路重大突发事件快速响应与决策支持平台,实现对突发事件发现、响应、处置、救援及事后分析等环节的全流程管理,提升应急处置效能和效率。     

日本液化天然气(LNG)铁路运输的发展现状及启示

日本是液化天然气(LNG)铁路运输较为成熟的国家,借鉴日本LNG铁路运输经验对研究我国LNG铁路运输具有启示和参考作用。在阐述日本LNG铁路运输概况的基础上,通过实地调研,从载运工具、铁路运输组织、场站设施设备、运输安全风险和应急救援等方面对日本LNG铁路运输发展现状进行分析,提出我国发展LNG铁路运输应重点研究确定LNG罐式箱技术,研究电气化区段运输安全风险控制措施,探索应用在途监控,建立专业应急救援机制。     

Traffic evacuation simulation based on multi-level driving decision model

Traffic evacuation is a critical task in disaster management. Planning its evacuation in advance requires taking many factors into consideration such as the destination shelter locations and numbers, the number of vehicles to clear, the traffic congestions as well as traffic road configurations. A traffic evacuation simulation tool can provide the emergency managers with the flexibility of exploring various scenarios for identifying more accurate model to plan their evacuation. This paper presents a traffic evacuation simulation system based on integrated multi-level driving-decision models which generate agents’ behavior in a unified framework. In this framework, each agent undergoes a Strategic, Cognitive, Tactical and Operational (SCTO) decision process, in order to make a driving decision. An agent’s actions are determined by a combination, on each process level, of various existing behavior models widely used in different driving simulation models. A wide spectrum of variability in each agent’s decision and driving behaviors, such as in pre-evacuation activities, in choice of route, and in the following or overtaking the car ahead, are represented in the SCTO decision process models to simulate various scenarios. We present the formal model for the agent and the multi-level decision models. A prototype simulation system that reflects the multi-level driving-decision process modeling is developed and implemented. Our SCTO framework is validated by comparing with MATSim tool, and the experimental results of evacuation simulation models are compared with the existing evacuation plan for densely populated Beijing, China in terms of various performance metrics. Our simulation system shows promising results to support emergency managers in designing and evaluating more realistic traffic evacuation plans with multi-level agent’s decision models that reflect different levels of individual variability of handling stress situations. The flexible combination of existing behavior and decision models can help generating the best evacuation plan to manage each crisis with unique characteristics, rather than resorting to a fixed evacuation plan.     

An RFID-based inventory management framework for emergency relief operations

In the aftermath of super storm Sandy, a large region from North Carolina to Maine endured food shortages, power outages, and long lines at gas stations forced to ration fuel due to low supply and high demand. These issues were largely the result of the affected transportation network’s inability to effectively cope with random and highly dynamic changes, and a lack of available resources and suppliers who were capable of enacting adequate emergency response measures. These problems experienced during super storm Sandy further underscored the need for a robust emergency inventory management system, where planning policies can be integrated with real-time on-line inventory management strategies to keep track of fluctuations of vital commodities such as food, water, medicine, fuel and power supplies. Motivated by this important problem, this paper investigates a comprehensive feedback-based emergency management framework for disasters such as super storm Sandy that provides integration with an emerging intelligent transportation systems technology, namely Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFID). Within this framework, the offline-planning problem is solved by the stochastic humanitarian inventory management approach; and the online modeling strategy includes the application of a continuous time model predictive control technique. After introducing the mathematical background, the proposed framework is discussed using case studies built based on super storm Sandy in order to understand the efficiency and practicality of this RFID-based methodology. Results suggest that the methodology can properly account for and react to the rapidly changing needs for vital supplies that occur during the emergency relief operations. Based on this approach, planners and decision makers can be aware of the time delay that can happen due to disaster-related disruptions and thus maintain a safe level of buffer for vital supplies.     

公路灾害应急管理方案研究

文章阐述了公路灾害对道路网的影响,并针对宁波市江北区公路桥面结冰、下穿道积水及水毁灾害的特点,分析了公路灾害应急管理所存在的关键问题,提出了相应的应急管理方案。