基于变形稳定时间统计的挤压性围岩隧道二次衬砌施作时机研究

为获取挤压性围岩隧道二次衬砌施作时间，使二次衬砌施作可操作性更强，以变形速率限值为基础，对412个挤压性围岩隧道断面变形量测数据进行拟合和统计分析，得出不同变形等级的变形稳定时间范围值和施工期分阶段二次衬砌施作时机预测方法。具体结论为： 1)提出了基于变形速率判据的变形稳定时间预测方法，通过最优指数函数曲线拟合，实现稳定阶段变形量u稳和最终稳定时间t′稳的预测； 2)通过统计分析，确定了不同变形等级、不同跨度条件下变形稳定时间t′稳范围值，用于设计阶段初步拟定二次衬砌施作时机； 3)提出了施工期二次衬砌施作时机分阶段预测方法，根据实测20、30、40 d和稳定时的相对变形，可实现分阶段预测最终变形稳定时间； 4)经实测变形数据检验，采用二次衬砌施作时机分阶段预测方法所得预测结果可被工程所接受； 5)以分阶段变形稳定时间t′稳为判别指标的挤压性围岩隧道二次衬砌施作时机预测方法，可操作性强，能避免以变形速率为判别指标时的操作困扰，可直接服务于工程实践。     

配内衬赛克格宾装填新工艺在航道整治工程中的应用

针对传统抛石工艺和赛克格宾及其施工中存在的问题，提出配内衬赛克格宾和赛克格宾的装填新工艺。结合长江荆江河段七星台护滩护岸工程，得出采用配内衬赛克格宾能降低施工成本，赛克格宾装填新工艺能有效提高施工效率的结论。     

Optimal base motion to compensate for the influence of sea currents during riser re-entry

One of the difficult operations, which consists in moving the riser and placing its end relatively close to a desired position, is the re-entry operation. Complex dynamic behavior of risers under different sea conditions requires efficient modelling methods. The model used in this paper applies a modification of the segment method using joint coordinates, in which it is possible to analyze only one selected deformation while neglecting the others. This enables a very high computational efficiency of the method to be achieved. The models developed take into account the impact of the environment in which the risers work. The model is validated by comparison of the authors' own results with those presented by other researchers and the simulations are concerned both with statics and dynamics of spatial risers. The numerical effectiveness of the method presented enables it to be applied in the solution of dynamic optimization problems, one of which is presented by the example of the re-entry process. The process of moving the riser is useful in emergency situations (evacuation) when it is necessary to disconnect the riser from the wellhead and move it together with the platform. This optimization task is a 3D problem due to the sea currents acting at different angles on the riser in relation to the direction defined by beginning and final positions of the bottom end of the riser. The calculations are carried out for a hang-off riser, and the optimal motion of the base for different conditions of the sea is defined. The influence of the LMRP (Lower Marine Riser Package) on this movement is also examined.     

Fatigue tests on grouted connection segment specimens in offshore wind turbine structures considering water ingression

Grouted connections (GCs) are widely used to connect superstructures and driven piles in offshore wind turbine structures. They resist fatigue loading in marine splash zones and even submerged environments. In this paper, six GC segment specimens were designed and tested under fatigue loading in both the air and water ingression conditions. The results in the air condition showed that for the specimens with lower loading ranges, the strain distributions and residual displacements stabilized after 20 thousand load cycles. These conditions persisted until the end of the test with two million cycles, with only a few tiny cracks appearing on the grout material surface. Meanwhile, wide cracks and grout material exfoliation were found in specimens with higher loading ranges. The residual displacement accumulated gradually, which eventually caused the termination of the test when it reached 5 mm after 1.3 million cycles. The results in the water ingression condition showed that the water had entered into the micro-cracks of the grout material, which severely degraded the fatigue behavior of the GC specimens. Even in lower loading ranges, specimens W-1 and W-2 only endured 0.264 million and 64 thousand load cycles before the displacement of the top clamp reached −10 mm. Compared with two specimens tested in the air, with a total displacement of less than −0.7 mm after two million load cycles, the severe deteriorating effect of water ingression on the fatigue behavior of GCs was apparent.     

堤防结构“自适应”混凝土衬砌数值模拟

针对堤防混凝土衬砌在外部荷载(水压力、浪压力以及其他荷载)发生破坏且其破坏位置主要发生在衬砌底部1/3处的问题,进行了对比分析研究,提出一种"自适应"的混凝土衬砌方式。采用有限元软件ADINA模拟在衬砌受力最大部位设置填充缝及填充柔性材料等方式削减应力,从而达到衬砌自身适应外部荷载变形的作用。结果表明:"自适应"衬砌方式不仅可以有效减小堤防的应力、应变,而且是一种实用简单可行的方法。