北京新机场线高架地段双块式无砟轨道结构设计

北京新机场线是我国首条最高速度达160 km/h的地铁线,轨道结构采用双块式无砟轨道,高架地段首次采用取消底座结构设计,为了保证轨道结构的安全可靠,有必要对无砟轨道道床结构进行结构选型及配筋设计。通过建立高架地段无砟轨道结构的有限元模型,对道床板板长、板宽、板厚进行了选型分析。针对无砟轨道无底座设计方案,考虑了列车荷载、温度梯度、桥梁挠曲3种主要荷载类型,提出了荷载组合方案,研究其关键控制因素,对道床板进行了配筋设计及检算。通过参数比选,完成了道床板的尺寸参数选择;在3种荷载类型中,温度梯度在道床板中引起的弯矩值最大,在设计荷载中占据主导因素,合理减小道床截面高度可有效降低温度梯度作用;道床板配筋应以控制裂缝为原则进行设计。     

Estimating cycleway capacity and bicycle equivalent unit for electric bicycles

With the rapid increase of electric bicycles (E-bikes) in China, the heterogeneous bicycle traffic flow comprising regular bicycles and E-bikes using shared cycleway creates issues in terms of efficiency as well as safety. Capacity and bicycle equivalent units (BEUs) for E-bikes are two most important parameters for the planning, design, operation, and management of bicycle facilities. In this paper, eight traffic flow fundamental diagrams are developed for one-way cycleway capacity estimation, and a novel BEU estimation model is also proposed. Eleven datasets from different shared cycleway sections with different cycleway widths were collected in Hangzhou, China for estimation and evaluation purposes. The results indicate that, with around 70% share of E-bikes, the mean estimated capacity is 2348 bicycle/h/m. The effects on the capacity of the proportions of E-bikes, gender of cyclists, age of cyclists, and cyclists carrying things were also analyzed. The results implied that the estimated capacity is independent of a cyclist’s gender and age, but increases with the proportion of E-bikes. According to this study, the mean BEU for the E-bike is 0.66, and the converted capacities of pure regular bicycles and pure E-bikes are 1800 and 2727 bicycle/h/m, respectively. These findings can be used to propose practical countermeasures to improve the capacity of heterogeneous bicycle traffic flow on shared cycleway.     

A dynamic Bayesian network model for real-time crash prediction using traffic speed conditions data

Traffic crashes occurring on freeways/expressways are considered to relate closely to previous traffic conditions, which are time-varying. Meanwhile, most studies use volume/occupancy/speed parameters to predict the likelihood of crashes, which are invalid for roads where the traffic conditions are estimated using speed data extracted from sampled floating cars or smart phones. Therefore, a dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) model of time sequence traffic data has been proposed to investigate the relationship between crash occurrence and dynamic speed condition data. Moreover, the traffic conditions near the crash site were identified as several state combinations according to the level of congestion and included in the DBN model. Based on 551 crashes and corresponding speed information collected on expressways in Shanghai, China, DBN models were built with time series speed condition data and different state combinations. A comparative analysis of the DBN model using flow detector data and a static Bayesian network model was also conducted. The results show that, with only speed condition data and nine traffic state combinations, the DBN model can achieve a crash prediction accuracy of 76.4% with a false alarm rate of 23.7%. In addition, the results of transferability testing imply that the DBN models are applicable to other similar expressways with 67.0% crash prediction accuracy.     

南昌地铁3号线上软下硬地层盾构机选型

随着我国隧道建设的不断推进,盾构法越来越多地应用于隧道施工,而盾构选型合适与否则是盾构施工成败的关键因素之一。针对南昌市轨道交通3号线工程土建施工07合同段国威路站~青山湖西站盾构区间的盾构隧道参数和工程水文地质条件,结合工程重难点对盾构机的设计要求,分析了盾构机刀盘、刀具对上软下硬地层的适应性,并对盾构机渣土改良系统、同步注浆系统和螺旋输送机提出了优化建议和意见,总结了上软下硬地层的盾构机选型方案,对今后遇到同类工程盾构施工具有借鉴和指导作用。     

游艇码头防波堤及内护岸结构选型

通过对广州南沙游艇俱乐部码头工程和海南石梅湾游艇会码头工程两个实际工程的防波堤和内护岸结构选型与设计的初步归纳和分析,提出在游艇码头结构设计中需要体现和强化游艇项目整体景观布局要求的设计理念。     

水声定位信号脉冲挑选方法

能否有效的从带有各种脉冲干扰的脉冲序列中挑选出测距信号的直达声,是水声跟踪定位系统能否正确定位的关键。文章从分析脉冲序列结构及各类型脉冲特征入手,对脉冲挑选方法展开研究,并在实验室测试及海上试验中得到有效验证。     

山区高速铁路工程高路堤与高架桥的选择分析

以渝黔山区高速铁路工程为依托,结合铁路所经的地质条件对贵州省喀斯特核心区高路堤与高架桥比选,从地质、路线总体设计、节约土地、环境保护、文物保护、工程可靠度、沉降与轨道平顺性、全寿命周期成本方面进行了分析,研究结果表明:对于渝黔山区高速铁路工程的选线设计,高架桥较高路堤有明显的适应性。     

鹰梅铁路路基工程与选线设计

在山区修建铁路,线位所处地形、地质及水文条件对路基工程的施工防护,工程造价,建成后的运营安全都有重要影响;在线路大的走向确定的条件下,结合实际自然条件,选取最合适的路基线位,非常有必要。从复杂地形、不良地质及水文等方面探讨了鹰（潭）梅（州）铁路路基工程对线位的控制与影响。     

越南某船厂车间基础桩型的选择

根据EPC工程拟建车间的场地地质、水文、气象等资料,对分段装焊车间基础对比分析了几种桩型,经过试桩和技术经济对比分析,最终选用了PHC管桩用于基础,达到经济合理,安全实用的目的。     

公路施工中的拌和场选址

经济的发展给我国公路的施工建设提出了更高的挑战,也给我国公路的施工带来了十分重要的影响。公路建设是我国经济发展的重要承载载体,其存在与运行的畅通与否直接关系到我国更多依靠公路进行运输的单位及个人的基本生活与生产需要,因而,为了更好地保障我国公路运输的畅通,以及我国人民的生命财产的基本安全,我国许多部门从各个方面都对公路施工提出了许多具体的要求。该文着重从公路施工过程中的拌合场选址方面进行分析,综合考虑更多的可能影响我国公路施工的安全与健全的基本因素,从而更好地实现公路的高效安全运行。