An analysis of trends in passenger and freight transport energy consumption in India

This primary objective of this paper is to examine the causes for the change in energy consumption in the transport sector in India. The pattern of energy consumption and their causes for change are benchmarked against select countries. A mathematical model that decomposes changes in energy consumption to various factors has been used. The changes in the energy consumption are attributed to growth in transport volume, structural change or modal shift, and energy intensity. The analysis is conducted for passenger and freight transport separately. Results indicate that the growth in transport volume has been the main cause for increase in energy consumption for both passenger and freight transport in India despite the decline in energy intensity of various transport modes. Though not surprising for a growing economy like India, this poses a challenge for the future. Currently, India is a low carbon economy.     

Privacy protection method for fine-grained urban traffic modeling using mobile sensors

With the ubiquitous nature of mobile sensing technologies, privacy issues are becoming increasingly important, and need to be carefully addressed. Data needs for transportation modeling and privacy protection should be deliberately balanced for different applications. This paper focuses on developing privacy mechanisms that would simultaneously satisfy privacy protection and data needs for fine-grained urban traffic modeling applications using mobile sensors. To accomplish this, a virtual trip lines (VTLs) zone-based system and related filtering approaches are developed. Traffic-knowledge-based adversary models are proposed and tested to evaluate the effectiveness of such a privacy protection system by making privacy attacks. The results show that in addition to ensuring an acceptable level of privacy, the released datasets from the privacy-enhancing system can also be applied to urban traffic modeling with satisfactory results. Albeit application-specific, such a “Privacy-by-Design” approach would hopefully shed some light on other transportation applications using mobile sensors.     

Asymmetric response model for evaluating airline service quality: An empirical study in cross-strait direct flights

In this paper we propose a framework to investigate service quality asymmetrically. An asymmetric response model within structural equation framework is developed to study the relationship between service quality and the passenger’s behavioral intention in the cross-strait direct flight (Taiwan–Shanghai). The results reveal that service quality in the loss region has more impact on behavioral intention than service quality in the gain region. Hence, attention should be paid to the service quality of important attributes in the loss region and strategies should ensure service quality of those important attributes that meet passenger’s expectations.     

装载机连杆机构优化设计

结合传统设计方法和现代优化方法有效地解决了原设计中装载机不能满足平移性和自动放平性的问题;在用作图法确定铰接点大致位置的基础上,建立了连杆机构参数化模型,并对模型进行了优化研究。结果表明:新机构能满足平移性和自动放平性要求。该方法对类似的机构优化问题有一定的参考价值。     

单桩荷载传递法修正计算分析

基于层状地基采用双曲线模型为荷载传递函数,提出了用Mindlin解和桩土共同作用的联合方法对荷载传递法的进行修正,并计算分析了单桩承载特性。将Lee的方法与双曲线荷载传递函数相结合使得Lee方法中考虑土体横向连续性的优点得以发挥。将横向连续性与竖向连续性修正相结合得到修正荷载传递法,用编制的计算机程序进行了工程实例的计算,结果表明,计算结果与实测值较为接近,其土层的平均SPT值较小,土体较容易产生变形,当试验荷载较高时,可能造成桩周土与桩身之间的滑移。修正荷载传递法与未修正和仅进行竖向修正的荷载传递法相比具有一定的精确性,能更好地反映单桩承载特性,且适用于群桩的分析计算。     

基于浑沌神经网络的动态交通量预测方法研究

介绍了目前国内外道路交通量预测的方法、特点及实际的预测效果.由于城市道路交通的复杂性,使得一些现有交通量预测方法的预测精度不高.针对这些问题,应用混沌神经网络,建立了城市道路交叉口出口交通量的浑沌神经网络预测模型,并与传统的BP神经网络预测结果对比,表明此模型具有较好的预测效果.     

基于ADVISOR的电动汽车动力性能仿真分析

在某微型燃油汽车底盘基础上,设计以铅酸蓄电池组和无刷直流电动机驱动的电动汽车动力系统。利用ADVISOR仿真软件,建立蓄电池、电动机及驱动系统和整车仿真模型。经过对该车整车动力性能仿真分析,表明该车动力系统设计方案是实用、可行的。     

轮胎动态模型的阻尼和对滚动阻力及动态响应影响的分析

在综合了一些文献研究结果的基础上,基于轮胎模态参数模型,给出了不同阻尼环节对滚动阻力及轮胎以不同速度滚越障碍物的动态响应的模拟结果,并部分地与试验结果进行对比,说明具有结构阻尼环节的轮胎模型,对于两者的模拟均给出了更好的定量结果。     

基于Simulink/Stateflow的汽车ABS混合建模与仿真

汽车防抱死制动系统(ABS)是一种很关键的汽车主动安全技术。本文采用基于有限状态机的系统仿真方法,采用Simulink和Stateflow模块混合建模,对ABS模型中的连续系统和离散系统进行仿真。仿真结果表明,该混合仿真系统能比较真实地反映汽车ABS系统的实际工作过程,显著缩短制动距离,提高安全性。     

粉煤灰加筋土挡墙工作机理的离心模型试验研究

将能够完全满足模型相似律的离心模型试验方法应用于粉煤灰加筋挡墙研究中。试验基于整体刚性面层加筋土挡墙结构研究了粉煤灰加筋土挡墙的工作机理、筋材中的应变分布、粉煤灰加筋挡墙的变形。结果表明,加筋土挡墙所发生的侧向位移量远小于素土无加筋挡墙的位移量,且加筋层竖向间距越小,加筋层越密,相对侧向位移量越小,加筋效果越明显;因粉煤灰填筑密度较轻,加筋后的挡墙所发生的相对侧向位移量较小,说明加筋效果明显。