《深圳市综合交通体系规划((2013—2030)》编制探索——以更具竞争力、可持续的综合交通体系促进城市转型发展

通过回顾评价深圳市历次综合交通体系规划的得失,分析城市转型对于综合交通体系的挑战以及新形势下综合交通体系规划的定位。以《深圳市综合交通体系规划(2013—2030)》为例,对规划编制的内容和方法开展研究,具体包括:转型导向的交通发展目标与指标体系、一体化的综合交通体系组织、立足区域协作的整体交通战略、与组团结构相匹配的交通分区组织、与城市功能布局的协调互动、注重协同的交通管控政策,以及应对大数据的智能交通策略等。最后介绍规划编制组织特点并提出城市转型期综合交通体系规划的进一步思考。     

超大城市公交都市建设路径探索与反思——以广州市为例

当前中国一系列城市正处于向超大城市转变的关键时期,建设公交都市已经成为摆脱超大城市交通拥堵的必经之路。采用实证分析方法剖析广州市百年来公共交通的发展历程,回顾梳理不同发展阶段的特征,同时解构公交都市的内涵,总结广州市公交都市建设的成功经验。通过对比国内外先进案例,指出广州市公交都市建设在公交运力、公交路权、车站覆盖和车站衔接上存在不足。以广州市公交都市建设经验为基础,从公交都市的规划、设计、运营、管理四个方面出发,建议将多元化、协调化、人性化、灵活化作为超大城市公交都市建设的未来发展方向。     

武汉市综合交通体系规划构想

结合武汉市新一轮城市总体规划、土地利用规划和综合交通体系规划"三规"同步修编,如何做好新时期综合交通体系规划修编工作成为当前亟须思考的问题。首先对城市综合交通体系规划的地位、作用及存在的不足进行分析。回顾武汉市已开展的三轮综合交通体系规划实践,指出既有规划在一体化发展、枢纽衔接与合作、土地开发模式、交通与空间发展的协调性等方面的不足。结合武汉市新一轮综合交通体系规划修编,从交通引领发展、建设枢纽城市、交通规划转型、优化交通结构等方面阐述需要重点研究并解决的问题。规划修编强调综合交通体系规划、城市总体规划、土地利用规划"三规"高效衔接与互动融合,通过一系列政策保障城市交通行动计划的推进。     

美国水道港口疏浚物的处理管理与利用

为维护发达的水运系统,美国每年从水道港口水域中疏浚2.0亿m3左右的沉积物,由此引发的巨量疏浚物处置问题并不亚于我国。从疏浚物的处理现状出发,总结美国在疏浚物管理机制和处理技术等方面的主要进展,分析疏浚物的有益利用及其工程案例。调查表明,美国疏浚物管理体系权责清晰,美国陆军工程兵团(USACE)和环境保护署(USEPA)在疏浚物处置管理过程中扮演了重要角色,疏浚物多数以栖息地营造、湿地修复、海滩养护、农业和水产养殖等多种方式得到有益利用。我国目前正处在疏浚土有益利用的研究和探索阶段,美国疏浚物处置管理的成功经验值得借鉴。     

创新设计、资源节约、环境友好和低碳发展的长江口深水航道治理工程

介绍了长江口深水航道治理工程创新的治理理念、设计方案、施工技术和科学的动态管理方法,同时还介绍了该工程在资源节约、环境友好及促进低碳发展方面采取的措施和取得的效果。     

舰船电子元器件自主可控现状与发展需求研究

近年来,我国信息化关键软硬件技术得到了长足发展,特别是基础电子元器件性能有了大幅度提升.然而,在信息化相关的电子元器件技术和产品上与国外还存在较大差距,制约了装备的国产化率和自主可控能力水平的进一步提升.本文分析舰船装备领域基础电子元器件的发展现状,并提出下一步的发展需求建议以及确保基础电子元器件自主可控的具体措施.     

Environmental protection motivation in coastal zone land‐use legislation

Abstract

Analysis of recent substantive coastal land use management laws shows that their main thrust is to provide for protection of the coastal environment from adverse impacts of uncontrolled development. The four purposes cited most frequently among laws of 17 states were: Protection of wildlife and fisheries, protection of ecosystems or the natural environment, control of development, and enhancement of esthetic values. Other purposes were to: Protect life and property, enhance public recreation, conserve soil, and protect water resources. Development and economic purposes were cited in relatively few laws.     

Thermidor in land use control?

Abstract

In June 1987, the U.S. Supreme Court in Nollan v. California Coastal Commission held against the California Coastal Commission. Did this legal landmark signal the rise of a new, conservative jurisprudence of takings? And if yes, did that imply the demise of what had been accomplished by the so‐called quiet revolution in land use control that swept the country in the late 1960s and early 1970s? The complexities of this case cannot be understood apart from the historical evolution of the Coastal Commission's policies through the 1970s and 1980s, particularly its coastal access policies. Because of these policies the Coastal Commission, since its inception in 1972, has been subjected to all kinds of criticism, but at the same time has been widely praised for its balanced approach. These varying assessments of the role and record of the Commission also underly the conflicting viewpoints and arguments of Justices Scalia, who wrote for the majority in Nollan, and Brennan, who filed an extremely strong dissent. The resulting legal uncertainties, added to the political setbacks suffered from a lukewarm legislature and a hostile governor, forced the Commission to temper its assertive mission of maximizing coastal access, at least for the time being.     

Discussions on rail in urban areas and rail history

This paper includes discussions on rail in urban areas and railway history. More specifically commonly used terms and definitions for rail services, policy and practice in urban areas are discussed followed by an overview of railway developments around the world.