船舶自适应逆控制操舵

经典反馈控制将对象动态响应的控制和噪声的消除放在同一个过程中进行,这种方法往往会产生为了满足一个指标而牺牲另外一个指标的矛盾.本文介绍了一种新的控制方法--自适应逆控制,阐述了自适应逆控制的特点,讨论了自适应逆控制系统的三个基本单元--对象建模、逆控制器建模和扰动消除器.自适应逆控制将对象动态响应的控制和噪声的消除分开来考虑,解决了上述经典反馈控制的矛盾.在仿真软件Matlab上进行船舶自动舵仿真时,分别采用了自适应逆控制方案的ELS(增广最小二乘)算法和经典反馈控制的PID(比例积分微分)算法.仿真结果表明了自适应逆控制的优点.     

可控被动式减摇水舱的建模与气阀控制规律研究

基于查德惠克被动式减摇水舱理论,分别建立了单侧气阀和两侧气阀控制的可控被动式减摇水舱系统数学模型.推导了最佳相位关系和气阀控制规律的理论依据,对不规则波作用下的可控被动式减摇水舱系统进行了仿真研究.仿真结果表明,水舱内水的流动与船舶横摇运动基本符合最佳相位关系,气阀控制规律是可行的.通过对单侧或者两侧气阀进行控制,都能够使水舱内水流的振荡周期及时地适应变化的横摇周期.两侧气阀控制的减摇效果要优于单侧气阀控制.     

大深度多普勒计程仪方案研究

多普勒计程仪是一种利用多普勒效应原理制成的自主式测速导航设备。即便在GPS导航高速发展，INS系统已提高到很高精度的今天，多普勒计算仪仍郄有其不可替代的导航作用，尤其在军事领域更是如此。本文简要介绍船用多普勒计程仪的基本原理及其目前的国内外技术动态，列举上海航海仪器总厂多普勒计程仪的技术现状，在此基础上，提出开发大深度多普革计程仪所应解决的关键技术。     

机舱监测报警系统研制

该文介绍了新研制的面向大型高附加值液货船的机舱监测报警系统的结构、工作原理、监测点的分布，以及下位机信号采集与上位机图形显示组态监控系统等。     

Micro-electro-mechanical-sensor inertial navigation system-assisted global navigation satellite system receiver acquisition scheme and performance evaluation

When an aircraft moves under a low carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) or at a high speed, increasing the sensitivity of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver is a goal quite hard to achieve. A novel acquisition scheme assisted with micro-electro-mechanical-sensor (MEMS) inertial navigation system (INS) is presented to estimate the Doppler caused by user dynamics relative to each satellite ahead of time. Based on tightly coupled GNSS/INS estimation algorithm, MEMS INS Doppler error that can be achieved is first described. Then, by analyzing the mean acquisition time and signal detection probability, the MEMS INS-assisted acquisition capabilities in cold, warm and hot starts are quantitatively determined and compared with the standard GNSS acquisition capability. The simulations and comparisons have shown that: the acquisition time in cold start can be shortened by at least 23 s, the time in warm start can be shortened to 1 s and the acquisition capability is improved 95%, and the reacquisition time in hot start can be shortened by around 0.090 s and the capability can be enhanced 40%. The results demonstrate the validity of the novel method.