基于事故树分析法的船舶LNG燃料加注火灾防控研究

文章采用事故树分析法,对船舶LNG燃料加注时可能引起火灾的事件进行了分析,提出了相应对策,为LNG动力船舶燃料加注的安全管理提供了参考。     

Organizational effects of experience from accidents. Learning in the aftermath of the Tretten and Åsta train accidents

This article explores possible signs on learning in organizations following two major railway accidents in Norway, the Tretten accident in 1975 and the Åsta accident in 2000. These are the most serious railway accidents to have occurred in the past decades and both involved collisions on a single track system. The two events have been analyzed and compared in order to investigate possible learning effects and possible differences in learning given the 25-year span between them. The study is based on the analysis of selected documents related to the accidents in general and the narrative components in the documentation related to learning in particular.Our findings indicate that learning from these events was not expressed as an explicit goal in the aftermath. Learning in these cases seems to be linked for a large part to a change in measures, technical, operational and organizational, but we have not observed any managed confirmation or comprehension processes. The Tretten accident report suggests that the possibility of human error should be mitigated through the implementation of technological barriers, while it omits all other elaborations and risk reducing measures. The Åsta accident report recommended that the work to introduce modern safety management principles that had already been initiated before the accident should be continued. Neither of the accidents yielded any new insights and the knowledge brought forward was merely perceived as confirmation of already-agreed changes.     

重庆桥梁交通安全状况调查与改善技术研究

频繁发生的客车坠桥事故造成了重大的人员伤亡和财产损失,提高桥梁运营安全水平工作十分迫切。文章在对重庆市桥梁交通安全状况调查的基础上,分析了桥梁路段在设计、管理、交通运行等方面存在的问题,提出从桥头视距、道路养护、警示设施设置、中央分隔带设置等方面进行综合整治的安全改善措施,为桥梁的安全设计与管理提供参考。     

基于ETA的客滚船车辆舱火灾原因和控制分析

火灾是客滚船发生重大海难事故的主要原因之一,车辆舱是起火的主要场所,文章利用事件树方法分析客滚船车辆舱火灾原因,提出控制措施。     

“12·7”事故对珠江口区域溢油应急合作的启发

2004年发生于珠江口的“12·7”船舶碰撞溢油事故（以下简称“12·7”事故）被成功处置后,广东海事局在总结该事故处置经验的基础上,于2005年在珠江口开展了代号为“碧洋行动”的溢油应急演练。通过对“碧洋行动”设定的事故场景之一的推演和评估可以看到珠江口区域溢油应急合作对于该区域溢油事故应急处置的重要意义。     

Accident investigations for active safety at CHALMERS - new demands require new methodologies

In order to develop efficient active safety systems, knowledge about what causes traffic accidents is required. One way to gather such knowledge is through traffic accident investigations. For the needs of active safety, most current accident investigation methodologies do not provide a sufficiently detailed or theoretically anchored analysis. Therefore, new studies need to be carried out using new theoretical frameworks and analysis methods. At CHALMERS, a new methodology called driving reliability and error analysis method has been developed and tried out during recent years. The methodology, as described and exemplified, shows good promise of meeting the needs of active safety accident investigation projects. Results from studies using the methodology also imply consequences for how benefit estimation of new active safety systems should be carried out.     

厦门港水域船舶交通环境的预先危险性分析

以厦门港水域近十年船舶交通事故资料为基础，运用预先危险性分析法对该港口水域船舶交通环境系统的安全问题进行分析，并提出主要的潜在危险及管理建议。     

长江干线船撞桥事故分析

对发生在长江干线上的船撞桥事故进行了分析研究。通过调研掌握了一百余份有关资料 ,包括四十年来发生在十余座长江大桥的 172起船撞桥事故 ,在对事故进行统计分析与研究的基础上 ,得出了一些重要的结论。长江船撞桥事故在数量上略呈增长态势 ,船队撞桥事故远多于单船 ,约占 86 %。船撞桥的概率与桥梁跨距、洪水、能见度等因素有关 ,尤其是洪水对船撞桥概率影响较大 ,近似呈正态分布。发生船撞桥事故的第一位原因是人员失误 ,占 78%以上。     

铁路交通公共安全管理的困境及应对——以7·23甬温线特别重大铁路交通事故为例

铁路交通作为城市居民出行的重要交通方式,其重要性主要表现在涉及人员众多、保障了我国经济平稳较快的发展和关系到国家的国防安全.而7·23甬温线特别重大交通铁路交通事故暴露了我国铁路交通安全管理过程中存在着基础设施的设计存在缺陷、铁路交通参与人员的公共安全意识薄弱、应急处理能力不高以及网络舆情控制和信息公开程度不够等问题....     

浅谈预防和改进高速公路交通安全管理措施

分析了目前高速公路交能安全面临的形势,提出预防和改进交通安全的管理措施。