Environmental and transport effects of warehouse relocationing: evidence from Norway

Reducing traffic volumes and CO2-emissions from freight transport has proven difficult in many countries. Although the increasing suburbanization of warehouses is seen as a relevant land use trend, comprehensive analyses of their impact remain scarce. This study uses real data in modeling transport, costs, environmental and modal effects from warehouse relocations around Oslo and Trondheim (Norway). Results indicate that for Oslo, traffic performance (ton-km), CO2-emissions, and transport costs increase following warehouse suburbanization. For Trondheim, transport performance and CO2-emissions increase less, while transport costs decrease marginally. We conclude that specific case characteristics (geography and trade patterns) are important in determining the strength and direction of effects, and expect that common concomitant developments (warehouse centralization and consolidation) would lead to more pronounced results. Our findings confirm some, but challenge other, findings from the relatively scarcely literature available. Finally, the study's more general insights and observations can help advance similar analyses beyond Norway.     

Transport network criticality metrics: a comparative analysis and a guideline for selection

ABSTRACT

Transport network criticality analysis aims at ranking transport infrastructure elements based on their contribution to the performance of the overall infrastructure network. Despite the wide variety of transport network criticality metrics, little guidance is available on selecting metrics that are fit for the specific purpose of a study. To address this gap, this study reviews, evaluates and compares seventeen criticality metrics. First, we conceptually evaluate these metrics in terms of the functionality of the transport system that the metrics try to represent (either maintaining connectivity, reducing travel cost, or improving accessibility), the underlying ethical principles (either utilitarianism or egalitarianism), and the spatial aggregation considered by the metrics (either network-wide or localised). Next, we empirically compare the metrics by calculating them for eight transport networks. We define the empirical similarity between two metrics as the degree to which they yield similar rankings of infrastructure elements. Pairs of metrics that have high empirical similarity highlight the same set of transport infrastructure elements as critical. We find that empirical similarity is partly dependent on the network’s topology. We also observe that metrics that are conceptually similar do not necessarily have high empirical similarity. Based on the insights from the conceptual and empirical comparison, we propose a five-step guideline for transport authorities and analysts to identify the set of criticality metrics to use which best aligns with the nature of their policy questions.     

果汁运输改装船关键工程控制方案研究

果汁运输船是将新鲜果汁从产地输送至需求地的主要海上远程运输工具,是解决果汁长时间存放、运输的有效载体。由于集装箱船、果汁运输船两型船舶船体结构特点类似,因此把集装船改装为果汁运输船,其改装成本远低于新造果汁运输船。文章研究集装箱船改装为果汁运输船的关键工程控制方案,探索改装技术思路,为类似改装工程提供借鉴。     

线性需求下铁路客运差别定价模型研究

为提高席位资源利用率,研究了线性需求下我国铁路客运差别定价策略的优化模型。以收益最大化为目标,基于最优化理论和完全价格歧视策略,确定旅客群体最优细分数目以及每个旅客群体的最优票价,得出在客运淡季,铁路旅客最优细分数目为3~5个,各旅客群的最优票价由铁路客运市场细分数目决定。应用该模型为某城际高铁进行差别定价,试验结果表明,该模型可达到调节客流、增加收益的目的。     

基于Kubernetes的铁路客运营销深度学习平台的设计与实现

为解决铁路客运营销深度学习平台Tensorflow框架存在的环境配置复杂,资源利用率低、模型设计周期长等问题,提出了基于Kubernetes容器的PaaS平台构建TensorFlow容器的统一资源调度管理及API访问控制服务架构。经平台实践证明,该架构为客运营销提供了可靠、稳定的分析环境,降低了模型的训练难度,提高了模型的训练效率。     

大连市常规公交规划思路探讨

城市常规公交系统建设是贯彻公交优先、促进高质量发展的关键。本文从分析大连市常规公交发展现状和面临问题入手,结合城市交通发展趋势,提出常规公交发展目标,在此基础上探讨了新时期常规公交规划要从公交网络、规划目标、服务模式、技术方法等四方面转变思路,强化两网融合和以人为本的思想,增强常规公交的吸引力,促进城市高质量发展。     

历奇教育在铁路客运教学中的探索

针对客运专业的教学现状,在专业教学中引入了历奇教育。经过教学实践,历奇教育加深了学员间的交流,转变了学员的观念,给学员提供了展示自我的舞台,给教师提供了受教育的机会,教学效果良好。     

需求响应的集装箱班列时刻表优化及 Benders分解算法

充分考虑集装箱货物与集装箱班列在时间和数量方面的匹配关系，以集装箱货物送达目的站的总延误最小为目标，构建集装箱班列时刻表优化的线性混合整数规划模型.采 用Benders分解算法将原问题分解为确定集装箱货物与班列匹配方案的主问题，以及优化班列时刻表的子问题，通过求解子问题的对偶模型不断产生主问题的割平面.为克服割平面有效性较低的缺点，设计改进策略，使每次迭代产生多个割平面同时添加至主问题中.最后，通过算例验证模型和算法的有效性.结果表明：改进策略的运用有效提高了算法的计算效率，利用模型及算法得到的班列时刻表与集装箱货物的数量、时间分布之间具有较好的匹配性，制定的班列时刻表很好地响应了用户需求.     

混合对转推进系统设计与实船应用研究

为全面深入了解混合对转推进系统实船安装对船舶性能影响,为数值仿真和性能预报提供实船参考数据,以集装箱运输船为应用对象,提出了一种把吊舱推进器集成在挂舵臂上的混合对转推进系统(CRP-POD),详细阐述了CRP-POD的系统构成、工作模式和电气控制系统实船设计方案。通过实船试验和运行数据分析,安装混合对转推进系统的船舶与同系列安装常规推进系统的船舶相比,特定航行工况下航速有2~3%的提升、回转能力有所降低、航向稳定性上优于常规船。     

BIM协同平台在水运工程施工管理中的应用

以广州南沙国际邮轮码头项目为依托,搭建BIM协同管理平台,对平台进行二次开发,建立项目层级数据库,并在施工过程中进行应用。结果表明,BIM协同管理平台在生产进度管理、质量安全管理、资料管理等方面为项目管理提供了良好的支撑作用,简化了项目部工作管理流程,减少了工作量,提高项目部的管理效率和工程的施工质量。