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1.
简述人像识别系统的技术要点和主流方案,对常见的两种部署方案——图像回传和视频流回传进行比选,并给出推荐方案;结合某市轨道交通3号线现状,讨论在既有线建设人像识别系统时需要注意的工程要点,包括前端摄像机的利旧与补充、传输带宽的计算与扩容等。  相似文献   
2.
ABSTRACT

Even if the same two ships operate in the same encountering situation, the actual strategies and timing of operations may be different. Therefore, the fixed collision avoidance trajectory and ship movements are no longer suitable for simulating the real ship behaviour. This paper tries to develop an artificial intelligent system that fully sensitive to the local circumstances and command a ship in virtual environment. Based on AIS (Automatic Identification System) data, this study has developed artificial forces which help decision makings on-board independently under different situations and catching the stochastic nature of ship behaviours during collision avoidances manoeuvring. Actual ship tracks are helpful for ascertaining the parameters that contribute to artificial forces in collision avoidances, while the correlation coefficient analysis is helpful to distinguish the parameters. This study will help to develop a navigation traffic simulation to reflect the realistic ship behaviour and provide reliable information for port and waterway planning, risk analysis, and mitigation measures. The method can be used in developing algorithms for autonomous ships. The method introduced in this study lays a foundation for developing artificial forces at intersections or bends, although the model is only applicable in straight channels at the moment.  相似文献   
3.
交通拥堵已成为很多大中城市普遍存在的社会问题。信号控制作为缓堵保畅的重要措施之一,愈发受到社会关注。信号优化手段可分为模型驱动和数据驱动两类,且随着交通大数据的不断充实,基于强化学习的数据驱动方法日益成为新兴发展方向。然而,现有数据驱动类研究主要偏重于决策模型设计,缺乏对智能体结构的探讨;同时,在多路口协同方面多采用分布式策略, 忽略了智能体之间信息交互,无法保障区域层面的整体最优性。为此,本文以干线信号为对象, 构建一种多智能体混合式协同决策的信号优化方法。首先,针对交通状态的多样性、异构性及数据不均衡性,设计分布训练-分区记忆的单智能体决策模型,并优化状态空间和回报函数,界定单路口控制的最佳方案;其次,融合分布式和集中式学习的模型优势设计多智能体交互方法,在单路口分布式控制的基础上,设置中心智能体评价局部智能体的决策行为并反馈附加回报以调整局部智能体的决策模型,实现干线多信号的协同运行。最后,搭建仿真平台完成效果测试与算法对比。结果表明:新方法与独立优化和分布式协同相比,在支路交通流基本不受影响的前提下, 干线停车次数分别降低了14.8%和13.6%,具有更好的控制效果。  相似文献   
4.
已有城市轨道交通车站分类多基于定性分析,不能满足精细化设计和运营的需要。本文提出一种基于聚类站点公共特征的站点精细分类方法。首先,将来源于AFC(Automatic Fare Collection)的进站客流量数据处理为时间序列数据,并基于K-Means++算法对各个站点的客流量进行聚类;其次,建立客流量聚类结果与土地利用特征多维参数的拟合方程,计算获得居住密集型、工作就业型以及区域中心型等5种大类站点的客流量公共特征。在此基础上,充分考虑属于同一大类站点不同站点的细分特性,使用5类客流量公共特征比重组合精细描述具体站点类型。 实例结果表明,使用本文提出的精细分类方法计算得到的每个站的客流量拟合值与真实客流值间的平均绝对百分比误差控制在14%以内,说明该分类方法具有可行性。  相似文献   
5.
属性间的关联性破坏了独立多属性决策信息的测度可加性,为了更客观地反映决策者的决策意图,更准确地融合决策信息,同时提升算子对决策属性的描述能力,定义了三角犹豫直觉模糊数新的比较规则,引入模糊测度及Choquet积分定义了三角犹豫直觉模糊关联有序加权几何平均算子(R-THIOWGA),并构建了R-THIOWGA的数学模型,证明了RTHIOWGA幂等性、有序单调性、有界性等算子性质.以R-THIOWGA集成算子为基础,提出了模糊关联多属性问题群决策方法,并应用于我国海军远海维修保障平台选型的算例分析.研究结果表明,应用R-THIOWGA算子及基于R-THIOWGA的群决策方法解决模糊关联多属性决策问题是可行的、有效的.  相似文献   
6.
ABSTRACT

The advent of the autonomous vehicle (AV) will affect not only the transportation system, but also future patterns of land development. Integrated land use and transportation models will be critical tools in assessing the path forward with this technology. Key questions with respect to land use impacts of AVs arise from potential changes in sensitivity to travel and reduced demand for parking. It is an open question whether AVs will induce urban sprawl, or whether spatial economies of agglomeration will mitigate any reductions in travel time sensitivity. The deployment of shared fleets of AVs would likely reduce parking demand, producing yet to be explored impacts on property development within existing urban footprints. We perform a critical assessment of currently operational models and their ability to represent the adoption of AVs. We identify the representation of time in such models as a vital component requiring additional development to model this new technology. Existing model applications have focused on the discrete addition of new infrastructure or policy at a fixed point in time, whereas AV adoption will occur incrementally through time. Stated adaptation surveys are recommended as tools to quantify preferences and develop relevant model inputs. It is argued that existing models that assume comparatively static equilibrium have been convenient in the past, but are insufficient to model technology adoption. In contrast, dynamic model frameworks lack sufficient structure to maintain reasonability under large perturbations from base conditions. The ongoing advancement of computing has allowed models to move away from being mechanistic aggregate tools, towards behaviourally rich depictions of individual persons and firms. However, much work remains to move from projections of existing conditions into the future, to the evolution of the spatial economy as it evolves through time in response to new technologies and exogenous stresses. Principles from complex and evolutionary systems theory will be important in the development of models with the capacity to consider such dynamics.  相似文献   
7.
Urban mobility is one of the main concerns of the public authorities in developed countries. In France, household travel surveys are conducted every ten years in major cities to gather weekday mobility data. They enable decision-makers to better understand travel patterns, their change and their determinants, in order to adapt transport infrastructures to the population′s needs. While the automobile has allowed the level of mobility to increase since 1950, an unexpected finding has emerged from recent surveys in most developed countries, namely that there has been a marked decline in car use. Analyses show that this trend is mainly because young adults (18–34 years old) are less likely to acquire a driver′s license. This paper tries to better understand the decrease in the rate of driver′s license holding among young adults in the Lyon conurbation and to quantify the impact of the main explanatory factors in a temporal perspective. It also aims to analyze the consequences of this trend on private car use as a driver for daily trips. It quantifies the influence of economic, socio-demographic and spatial factors on driver ′ s license holding and car use by considering the responses to the last three household travels surveys conducted in the Lyon conurbation area (1995, 2006 and 2015). The temporal dimension allows us to highlight a change in the relationship between young adults and the private car in the French context.  相似文献   
8.
针对智能车纵向决策问题,提出基于环境车辆偏离车道程度识别运动模式的方法;构建动态环境车辆横纵向轨迹预测模型,并求解;构建保持、先行、避让在内的决策集,提出基于预测轨迹的单个车辆决策方法,并基于所有动态环境车辆的决策结果在加速、减速和匀速3 种结果中做出综合决策. 实车实验表明:在直行、换道和转弯运动模式下轨迹预测平均误差分别为0.11,0.29,0.80 m,预测精度较高;复杂动态环境下,本文提供的纵向决策信息提升了智能车行驶的安全性和舒适性.  相似文献   
9.
提出了一种用于轨道交通车辆系统维修决策的RCM(以可靠性为中心的维修)可靠性评估的新方法。针对轨道交通车辆系统故障机理复杂,影响因素冗多,提出基于RCM、PHM(故障预测与健康管理)和数据挖掘算法相融合的方法来构建系统的维护决策模型。与传统方法的区别在于,该方法能够更精准地定义维护模型,并获得系统的最优维护间隔,计算效率高,适用于复杂状态系统的可靠性计算。该方法可有效降低传统RCM的维护不足现象,降低运维成本,具有一定的推广应用价值。  相似文献   
10.
An in-depth understanding of travel behaviour determinants, including the relationship to non-travel activities, is the foundation for modelling and policy making. National Travel Surveys (NTS) and time use surveys (TUS) are two major data sources for travel behaviour and activity participation. The aim of this paper is to systematically compare both survey types regarding travel activities and non-travel activities. The analyses are based on the German National Travel Survey and the German National Time Use Survey from 2002.The number of trips and daily travel time for mobile respondents were computed as the main travel estimates. The number of trips per person is higher in the German TUS when changes in location without a trip are included. Location changes without a trip are consecutive non-trip activities with different locations but without a trip in-between. The daily travel time is consistently higher in the German TUS. The main reason for this difference is the 10-min interval used. Differences in travel estimates between the German TUS and NTS result from several interaction effects. Activity time in NTS is comparable with TUS for subsistence activities.Our analyses confirm that both survey types have advantages and disadvantages. TUS provide reliable travel estimates. The number of trips even seems preferable to NTS if missed trips are properly identified and considered. Daily travel times are somewhat exaggerated due to the 10-min interval. The fixed time interval is the most important limitation of TUS data. The result is that trip times in TUS do not represent actual trip times very well and should be treated with caution.We can use NTS activity data for subsistence activities between the first trip and the last trip. This can potentially benefit activity-based approaches since most activities before the first trip and after the last trip are typical home-based activities which are rarely substituted by out-of-home activities.  相似文献   
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