FSEC赛车电池箱结构强度有限元分析

针对FSEC赛事规则以及动力系统的需求,文章设计一种FSEC赛车电池箱体。在CATIA中建立电池箱体有限元模型,通过使用ANSYS workbench有限元仿真软件对其进行急加速、急减速、转弯、耐久等工况分析,得到电池箱体的变形云图、应力云图和疲劳交变应力云图,明确了最大应力值以及最大变形位置,为后续结构优化设计提供方向。利用ANSYS软件进行仿真驱动研发,极大提高了设计效率,促进了大赛的发展。     

基于滑模控制的卡尔曼滤波在列车定位中的研究

为了提高城市轨道交通中轮轴速度传感器与加速度计组合定位的精度,提出一种基于滑模控制的改进卡尔曼滤波算法。对于组合定位来说,由于卡尔曼滤波不能很好地修正加减速过程中的空转打滑误差,考虑到滑模控制器的滑动模态与系统的参数及扰动无关,提出采用基于滑模控制的改进卡尔曼滤波来进一步降低误差。其基本思路是应用指数趋近律滑模变结构来改善里程计算值,然后再进行卡尔曼滤波。并利用仿真软件对上述过程进行验证,仿真结果表明:基于滑模控制的改进卡尔曼滤波算法,能够在一定程度上减小空转打滑误差,进一步提高定位的精度。最后通过与其他卡尔曼滤波改进算法对比,得出基于滑模控制的卡尔曼滤波方法结构更为简单,也能保证一定的精度。     

自动紧急制动系统控制策略仿真验证

为了在危险情况时辅助驾驶员实现纵向避撞或减小碰撞造成的伤害,文章提出了一种考虑实际制动过程与驾驶员制动行为的分级制动控制策略。通过试验得到相关参数,根据新车评价标准的AEB测试工况与评价指标,搭建测试场景并评价新车AEB功能。仿真结果表明,AEB控制策略在所有工况下都能达到新车评价规程中AEB功能的标准。提出的分级制动控制策略具有一定的参考价值。仿真模型可以方便地更改参数以适用于不同车辆,可作为新车评价AEB功能的仿真工具,减小试验成本,具有实用价值。     

通苏嘉甬高速铁路跨杭州湾通道选择及桥位论证

通苏嘉甬高速铁路在嘉兴和宁波间需跨越杭州湾,杭州湾海域及两岸建设条件复杂、控制因素众多。开展跨杭州湾通道选择及桥位论证,对项目决策、建设和运营至关重要。在以往工程经验的基础上,从区域社会经济特征、区域交通现状及规划、气象水文地质等自然条件、港口航道和海事管控要求、秦山核电站及生态环境敏感区、防洪和涌潮影响规定等方面,详细梳理跨杭州湾通道的重要控制因素;在对4条跨杭州湾通道进行综合比选后,选择海盐西通道为推荐方案,并从河道演变、表流迹线等自然条件,港区规划,与港口作业区及锚地的安全距离,通航规范及航道通航影响评价要求,与上下游构筑物间距等方面,充分论证在该通道建设铁路跨海大桥的适应性和合理性。     

调距桨桨毂机构水动力负荷加载方式仿真研究

本文首先对某调距桨进行了CFD仿真分析,然后将CFD计算得到的桨叶分布式压力负荷加载至调距桨桨毂有限元模型的桨叶上进行有限元静强度仿真计算,并与多点约束集中(MPC)加载方式的计算结果进行比较。因分布式压力加载方式更接近真实加载情况,更适应于精度要求较高的高负载调距桨桨毂设计,与分布式压强加载相比,虽然MPC加载方式精度较低,但因其载荷加载处理与仿真计算时间大为缩短,得到的结果偏安全,因此适用于一般的工程强度估算校核。     

深海工程船锚泊仿真系统研究

为了实现工程船定位和控位快速模拟仿真,本文以45000DWT海洋工程船为例,采用均匀设计试验方法,确定深海船舶工作不同的工况组合,基于Ansys-Aqwa软件对工程船深海锚泊动态响应进行仿真分析,对仿真结果进行回归处理,得到船舶位移和锚索张力与锚索长度、风浪流环境载荷变化的数学响应模型,再对位移数学响应模型进行求反函数处理,获取船舶控位调整锚索长度的方法,为深海锚泊软件仿真系统提供模型支撑。     

船台测量场中多级转站的不确定度

对在船台测量场内利用全站仪进行多级转站测量时误差的传递过程进行研究,分析误差的来源及其累积方法,建立转站过程中误差传递的数学模型,并据此推导出多级转站测量的系统误差传递公式及其不确定度估计公式。采用蒙特卡洛方法开展考虑全站仪测量误差的多级转站过程仿真试验,并将仿真结果与计算结果相对比。结果表明,提出的误差估计方法能较好地反映多级转站时误差的传递过程和不确定度的分布规律。     

Effects of shadow evacuation on megaregion evacuations

Transportation systems serve important roles during emergencies, in particular for evacuations. However, efficient travel during these life-and-death scenarios can be adversely impacted by external conditions, such as unnecessary and unneeded travel. This research sought to enhance the understanding of the effects of these conditions by analyzing shadow evacuations, and their impact on regional traffic operations in megaregions, more broadly. The research was based on simulations of a range of hurricane evacuation threat scenarios in the Gulf of Mexico building upon prior study using TRANSIMS. These assessments are also targeted at what many assume could be worst case evacuation conditions and pushing the limits of current simulation modeling capability. Among the broader findings of this work was that shadow evacuation participation rates did not significantly impact the evacuation clearance times within mandatory evacuation areas of the megaregion as long as demand could be temporarily spread out. This finding does not, however, suggest that the shadow evacuations have no impact on evacuation processes. High rates of shadow evacuees can cause significant congestion if they are not able to exit critical routes before mandatory evacuees reach areas further away from the coast.     

Conflict-free arrival and departure trajectory planning for parallel runway with advanced point-merge system

In this paper, an efficient trajectory planning system is proposed to solve the integration of arrivals and departures on parallel runways with a novel route network system. Our first effort is made in designing an advanced Point Merge (PM) route network named Multi-Level Point Merge (ML-PM) to meet the requirements of parallel runway operations. Then, more efforts are paid on finding a complete and efficient framework capable of dynamically modelling the integration of arrival and departure trajectories on parallel runways, modelling the conflict detection and resolution in presence of curved trajectory and radius-to-fix merging process. After that, a suitable mathematical optimization formulation is built up. Receding Horizon Control (RHC) and Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithms are proposed to search the near-optimal solution for the large scale trajectories in routine dense operations. Taking Beijing Capital International Airport (BCIA) as a study case, the experimental results show that our system shows good performances on the management of arrivals and departures. It can automatically solve all the potential conflicts in presence of dense traffic flows. With its unique ML-PM route network, it can realize a shorter flying time and a near-Continuous Descent Approach (CDA) descent for arrival aircraft, an economical climbing for departure aircraft, an easier runway allocation together with trajectory control solutions. It shows a good and dynamic sequencing efficiency in Terminal Manoeuvring Area (TMA). In mixed ML-PM mode, under tested conditions, our proposed system can increase throughput at BCIA around 26%, compared with baseline. The methodology defined here could be easily applied to airports worldwide.     

可变截面涡轮增压瞬态性能仿真研究

为研究可变截面涡轮喷嘴开度对发动机的性能影响,建立GT-power和MATLB/Simulink联合仿真模型。采用GT-power软件建立的TBD234V12可变截面涡轮增压柴油机仿真模型研究发动机稳态性能,联合MATLB/Simulink软件建立的可变截面涡轮增压柴油机控制模型,对发动机瞬态性能进行仿真计算。结果表明:在发动机瞬态工况下,可变截面涡轮增压系统可以明显改善常规增压柴油机的动力性、经济性和动态响应特性,并且有效降低增压柴油机的时滞性,涡轮迟滞时间的降幅约为30%。