双层开孔斜挡板透空式防波堤消浪性能研究

针对一种新型双层开孔斜挡板透空式防波堤消浪性能问题,研究挡板开孔率和挡板倾斜角度对防波堤消浪性能的影响。采用物理模型试验方法,得出其反射和透射系数、波能分布和堤后波幅频谱特征结果。结果表明,斜挡板开孔率越大,防波堤透射系数也越大,但在试验范围内,透射系数均小于0. 5;该类型防波堤对波浪有较好的消能性,对较长周期波以反射为主,较短周期波以消浪室消能为主,整体透射系数较短周期波略大;防波堤设计斜挡板比平挡板透射系数小,具有更好的消浪性能,最小透浪仅为后者的39%。     

中心斜裂纹矩形薄板的极限断裂强度分析

对具有中心穿透斜裂纹在弹性断裂和完全塑性断裂两种破坏模式下的断裂强度进行了分析.在弹性破坏模式下,利用应变能密度因子准则对不同的裂纹倾斜角和不同的矩形板长宽比对斜裂纹的初始扩展角度的影响进行了数值计算和讨论.对于延性材料的完全塑性断裂模式,利用弹塑性有限元对不同裂纹倾斜角下的矩形板的极限拉伸强度进行了分析,并对中心穿透裂纹拉伸强度简化计算公式进行了考虑裂纹倾斜角度的修正.     

纵向斜船台滑道并列造船止滑器布置研究

为避免止滑器与滑板卡扣碰撞,纵向油脂滑道的止滑器要求安装在滑道的外侧,以避开滑道内侧的滑板卡扣.并列造船的船台,为满足不同船型的下水要求,主滑道两侧均需安装止滑器,由此带来了止滑器与卡扣干扰的问题.本文结合工程实际,对止滑器布置进行研究分析,根据实际需求采用不同的布置方式,解决止滑器与滑板卡扣干扰碰撞问题,保证了滑道下水安全.     

Hydroelastic analysis of oblique irregular waves with a pontoon-type VLFS edged with dual inclined perforated plates

The fluid-structure interaction of oblique irregular waves with a pontoon-type very large floating structure (VLFS) edged with dual horizontal/inclined perforated plates has been investigated in the context of the direct time domain modal expansion theory. For the hydroelastic analysis, the boundary element method (BEM) based on time domain Kelvin sources is implemented to establish water wave model including the viscous effect of the perforated plates through the Darcy’s law, and the finite element method (FEM) is adopted for solving the deflections of the VLFS modeled as an equivalent Mindlin thick plate. In order to enhance the computing efficiency, the interpolation-tabulation scheme is applied to assess rapidly and accurately the free-surface Green function and its partial derivatives in finite water depth, and the boundary integral equation of a half or quarter VLFS model is further established taking advantage of symmetry of flow field and structure. Also, the numerical solutions are validated against a series of experimental tests. In the comparison, the empirical relationship between the actual porosity and porous parameter is successfully applied. Numerical solutions and model tests are executed to determine the hydroelastic response characteristics of VLFS with an attached anti-motion device. This study examines the effects of porosity, submerged depth, inclined angle and gap distance of such dual perforated anti-motion plates on the hydroelastic response to provide information regarding the optimal design. The effects of oblique wave angle on the performance of anti-motion and hydroelastic behavior of VLFS are also emphatically examined.     

三角刚架斜腿约束作用及影响系数实用计算方法

为研究三角刚架斜腿对系梁预应力约束作用的量化影响,通过揭示其作用全过程,引入基本假设,基于混合法推导出对称三角刚架斜腿约束作用影响系数的计算公式,通过拆合过程,进一步提出了非对称三角刚架的影响系数实用计算方法,并进行了工程实例验证分析.研究结果表明:斜腿约束作用为三角刚架固有特性,其影响系数仅与截面尺寸、材料、几何形状有关;约束作用影响系数的公式计算结果与有限元分析结果及模型试验结果相对误差在5％以内,可满足工程精度要求;消除斜腿约束作用不利影响的最优解决方案是在设计中提高系梁预应力的张拉控制力,若设计时未考虑,也可在施工中采取分段浇筑系梁混凝土或在斜腿中预留后浇带的方法解决.     

两种大型集装箱船绑扎桥结构强度的对比计算浅析

以大型集装箱船常见的剪力墙式绑扎桥和A型斜撑式绑扎桥为研究对象,基于通用大型有限元分析软件PATRAN/NASTRAN及CCS规范的相关要求,对两种绑扎桥的结构强度进行了对比计算分析。结果表明：两种型式的绑扎桥在结构强度方面相差不大,相比而言,剪力墙式绑扎桥略优于A型斜撑式。     

Extension of the super-elements method to the analysis of a jacket impacted by a ship

The aim of this paper is to present a simplified analytical method for estimating the crushing resistance of an oblique cylinder impacted by the stem of a striking ship. The collision angle of the vessel is arbitrary, i.e. oblique collisions are also considered in this article. The two extremities of the tube are assumed to be clamped. These developments are intended to be used for evaluating the crashworthiness of an offshore wind turbines jacket. To achieve this goal, closed-form expressions are first derived for the particular situations of a horizontal and a vertical cylinder by applying the upper-bound method. An interpolation formula is then proposed to get the resistance opposed by the tube for any inclination angle. In order to validate these theoretical developments, some comparisons are made with the results of numerical simulations. These latter are performed using the finite elements software LS-DYNA. In almost all cases, the analytical prediction of the resistance is found to be in quite good agreement with the numerical ones. Finally, another comparison is made by simulating an OSV collision with a full jacket. In this case, the theoretical model is found to be insufficient for large impact energies and points out the need of further research.     

向量法在不规则隧道边仰坡面积计算中的应用

根据隧道边仰坡三维坐标测量数据,通过计算边仰坡斜面和投影水平面的法向量,进而计算两面之间夹角的方法,反算边仰坡斜面面积,在类似不规则隧道边仰坡等斜面面积计算中具有广泛的应用价值。     

关角隧道长大斜井反坡抽排水技术

关角隧道施工的一大难题是深长斜井的反坡排水,快速有效地排除斜井施工阶段和正洞隧道施工阶段的涌水对隧道的正常施工影响重大。针对关角隧道的水文特征及斜井反坡排水具有的长距离、高扬程和大流量等特点,对各施工阶段斜井的反坡排水系统进行研究,总结出国内外水泵配置、双联拱式固定泵站、供电线路并网等技术措施,避免了突涌水造成淹井事故的发生,同时为类似工程建设提供了可靠的借鉴经验。     

包家山隧道大断面斜井进正洞挑顶技术

结合包家山隧道1＃斜井与正洞交叉口处的施工实例,介绍大断面斜井（横断面84.315m2）进正洞的挑顶施工技术。在充分了解地质条件的基础上,制定了“超前支护、分部开挖、加强支护、随挖随护、及时封闭、加强监测”的施工方案。重点阐述接头部位的施工方法,对施工经验进行了总结,可供同类工程参考。