二甲醚用作汽车空调制冷剂的实验研究

根据二甲醚的热物理性质对二甲醚的制冷循环性能进行了分析,并在R134 a汽车空调系统上对二甲醚的制冷性能进行了测试。结果表明:由于二甲醚的气相和液相黏度都比较小,使用二甲醚作为制冷剂可以减小系统的阻力,有利于系统制冷性能的提高。二甲醚可以直接灌注式替代R134 a,但会造成蒸发器出口过热度降低,需对膨胀阀弹簧预紧力进行调整,才能充分发挥二甲醚的制冷性能。     

新型多层绝热材料抽真空阻力特性测试装置设计

设计了一套用于检测多层绝热材料层间压强的装置,该装置的测试方法不破坏多层绝热结构,所测压强能真实反应对应层密度下的层间压强,同时真空度最高可测到10-5Pa,通过这些新型设计,可以解决传统层间压强测试过程中存在的精度低、测量范围窄、破坏多层绝热层间结构等问题,是一种比较可靠的获得层间压强的测试方法.     

多层绝热材料抽真空阻力测试装置

研制了一套多层绝热材料抽真空阻力测试装置,该装置测试时不破坏原有的绝热材料结构,测试准确度得以提高.利用测试装置对一种典型的多层绝热材料进行抽真空阻力性能测试,可以定量的获得多层绝热材料对抽真空产生阻力作用的效果.在抽真空过程中,随着测试厚度的增加,多层绝热材料内、外部的真空度差值逐渐增大,也即是随着测试厚度的增加,材料的抽空阻力在增大.     

Experimental Investigation of a Single-Stage Four-Valve Pulse Tube Refrigerator

In order to simplify the structure of the cold end of the pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) and have a better utilization of the cold energy of the system, a one-stage four-valve pulse tube refrigerator (FVPTR) with an "L" type pulse tube structure and two orifice valves at the hot end of pulse tube has been constructed. Verification experiments show that the two orifice valve structure performs better than one orifice valve structure. A lowest temperature of 67.5 K was obtained at a frequency of 2.5 Hz under a system average pressure of 1.5 MPa with 200 mesh bronze screens as regenerator material, 80 mesh copper screens as stuffing material of heat exchanger. Due to the difficulty in manufacturing the thin "L" type pulse tube, the wall thickness of the pulse tube in the experiment was relatively difficult for us to reach 0.5 mm as that of the ordinary pulse tube, which resulted in relatively big system loss and affected the minimum temperature of the system to some degree.     

THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF HIGH-PRESSURE ADSORPTION OF METHANE AND HEATS OF METHANE ADSORPTION ON MICROPOROUS CARBONS

IntroductionNatural gas is considered as an alternative au-tomotive fuel.In fact,a considerable number ofvehicles worldwide have been converted to operateon compressed natural gas.Butmobile applicationsof NG atpresentare limited mainly due to its limit-ed driving range as a result of its low volumetricenergy density.At NTP the volumetric energydensity,and hence the mileage per unit volume ofthe fuel tank,of NG is only 0 .1 2 % of that ofgasoline[1] .Hence,the suitability of NG for vehic-ul…     

Schemes for Producing 1.8 He Ⅱ and the Prediction of the Pumping Speed for the Method of Vacuum-Pumping

Cryogenic ground supporting equipment (CGSE) developed for international cooperation scientific experimental item AMS-02 is the ground supporting and cooling system, which will complete the cooling process of the superconductor of AMS-02 from ambient temperature to 1.8 K. Obtaining 1.8 K He Ⅱ by vacuum-pumping is discussed in detail and compared with the other three schemes. The results show that the scheme of vacuum-pumping not only could meet the requirement of the project much better but also has higher reliability compared with other schemes. To select the vacuum pump, the energy conservation model is presented according to the experimental system of CGSE. Therefore, the pumping speed is also determined.