Multi-Component Model of Diesel Sprays Under High Injection Pressure

The combustion efficiency of a diesel engine depends not only on spray characteristics but also on fuel-air mixing characteristics. Based on the original spray model, a new spray model is established in this paper to accurately predict the diesel spray, and then a multi-component evaporation model is added into it. The model takes the influence of component concentration gradient and species on its evaporation rate in the liquid phase into account. This paper studies the spray characteristics (spray penetration, spray angle and spray morphology) and fuel-air mixing characteristics (spray area, spray volume and air entrainment mass) using the spray model, and the results are compared with the experimental results. The comparison shows that the simulated spray penetration and spray angle are close to the experimental results with the average deviations less than 3%. Moreover, this paper studies the spray area, spray volume and air entrainment using empirical formula under different conditions. And the maximum deviations of the spray volume, spray area and air entrainment mass are less than 5% as compared with the test values. Overall, this spray model can predict the diesel spray characteristics and fuel-air mixing characteristics under high injection pressure accurately.     

米勒循环对船用低速柴油机性能影响的仿真研究

针对节能减排对船舶行业所具有的重要意义,对应用米勒循环技术的某型船用低速柴油机进行了模型验证与仿真计算,分析了米勒循环强弱对柴油机性能的影响,给出了米勒循环强弱对柴油机缸内压力、温度、放热率及NOx排放的影响规律,并对船用低速柴油机的综合性能进行了评估。研究结果表明：米勒循环强弱对柴油机缸内温度及放热率具有较大影响,控制米勒循环强弱能够显著降低NOx的排放,排气阀每晚关10oCA, NOx生成量降低6%-7%,当米勒循环增加到一定程度时,继续加强米勒循环将在降低NOx排放的同时,导致燃油经济性降低且需高压比的增压器匹配,使得配机成本增加,这些结论将为船用低速柴油机的进一步开发提供参考。     

高温下掺氢燃气层流燃烧速度和稳定性研究

基于定容燃烧弹系统结合高速纹影技术,研究了初始温度为450 K,初始压力为0.2 MPa,氢气含量为50%,70%和80%,当量比为0.7～1.4时的氢气-乙醇-空气混合燃气的层流火焰燃烧特性。对掺氢燃气的层流燃烧速度(LBV)以及火焰不稳定性进行研究。结果表明：扩大燃料中氢气的占比能提高混合燃气的LBV;氢气掺混含量为50%,70%和80%预混燃气的层流燃烧速度均在当量比为1.3下达到峰值,随后呈下降趋势。当氢气掺混含量为50%,70%和80%时,随着当量比的上升,L_b逐渐减小,在当量比为1.4左右变成负值,火焰表面出现裂纹并发展出细胞结构,火焰呈现不稳定状态。