Role of candesartan against cerebral ischemia and oxidative damage in normotensive rats

Objective Angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ ) contributes to modulating blood pressure by stimulation of Ang Ⅱ AT1 receptors. We devised a rat transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model to assess whether oxidative damage is decreased after pretreatment with Angiotensin Ⅱ AT1 receptor blocker (ARB). Methods After 2 weeks pretreatment with ARB 0. 5 and 1 mg/kg, the male Wister rats were subjected to 2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). At 24 h, the lumen diameter of middle cerebral artery, the plasma level of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and HIF-1 a levels were recorded and compared. Results After pretrcatment with ARB 0.5 and 1 mg/kg, blood pressure did not significantly change compared with that of controls. In the group of candesartan at 1 mg/(kg· day), the lumen diameter was significantly increased compared to that in control group [(86.0±5.0) μm vs. (69.0± 2.1) μm; P<0. 01, n = 6- 8]. The plasma 8-OHdG levels of ARB pretreatment groups were decreased. In immunohistochemical findings, 8-OHdG- and HIF-1α-containing cells in ARB pretreatment groups were decreased. Conclusion Brain ischemia and oxidative damage can be reversed by AT1 receptor blockade in normotensive rats after transient cerebral artery occlusion.     

等容量血液稀释法治疗急性脑损伤灶周的病理学研究

采用对照试验，对实验性犬脑损伤进行等容量血液稀释（ＩＨＤ）治疗后，分析研究损伤灶周的病理学改变，以判别ＩＨＤ疗法对急性脑损伤的治疗效果。实验选用３２只犬，以钟摆式打击器制成脑挫裂伤模型，随机分４组：对照组，常规组，常规＋低右组及ＩＨＤ组。实验结束对损伤犬脑进行病理学检查并半定量计分。结果显示，ＩＨＤ组损伤灶周围脑水肿及急性损伤反应明显轻于其他组。研究表明ＩＨＤ法治疗急性脑损伤能减轻脑水肿及继发性脑损害，且不增加血管的通透性及出血倾向。     

人脑胶质瘤PTEN基因mRNA和蛋白的表达及其相关性分析

目的 探讨PTEN mRNA和蛋白在脑胶质瘤组织中的表达及临床意义,并分析其相关性.方法 分别采用反转录PCR(RT-PCR)和免疫组化(IHC)方法检测PTEN在正常脑组织及不同组织学分级的人脑胶质瘤组织中的表达情况.结果 Kruskal-wallis H检验显示,PTEN在脑胶质瘤组织中的表达与正常脑组织相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),且随着胶质瘤恶性程度的增高,PTEN表达强度逐渐下降.结论 PTEN表达的缺失可能是脑胶质瘤发生、发展过程中极其重要的环节,PTEN可能是脑胶质瘤发生以及其预后判断的重要生物学指标.     

高血压脑出血术后脑水肿临床探讨

对手术前后作过CT检查的50例高血压脑出血病人进行回顾性分析。提出高血压脑出血出现下列情况者，术后可发生严重的脑水肿：①术前GCS≤6分；②脑疝形成;③本前血压≥24／12．7kPa，④深部型血冲；⑤脑中线结构移位≥1．0cm；⑥水后血压≥24／12．7kPa，不稳。术后主张大剂量、长时间应用脱水药。     

siRNA抑制hTERT对脑胶质瘤T98G细胞增殖及周期的影响

目的研究人端粒酶逆转录酶被抑制后胶质瘤细胞系体外增殖及周期的变化,以期寻找控制胶质瘤细胞恶性行为的有效途径。方法人工合成小干扰RNA(siRNA)序列,并将其通过lip2000转入体外培养的T98G胶质瘤细胞系中,荧光显微镜观察转染效率,免疫印记检测蛋白表达情况,MTT法检测细胞体外增殖表现,绘制生长曲线图,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期的变化。结果成功转染siRNA,并有效抑制人端粒酶逆转录酶的活性,免疫印记验证干扰效果可靠,体外可抑制胶质瘤细胞的增殖,与对照组比较其抑制效率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论体外条件下,可以通过siRNA有效抑制人端粒酶逆转录酶,从而有效抑制胶质瘤细胞的体外增殖,使胶质瘤细胞周期发生变化。这可能为胶质瘤的治疗带来新的启示。     

茚甲新对胶质瘤细胞体外侵袭能力的影响

目的 研究茚甲新对胶质瘤细胞体外侵袭能力的抑制作用.方法 通过MTT实验确定不会引起细胞毒性的茚甲新药物浓度,应用移行实验和浸润实验研究茚甲新对胶质瘤细胞移行及浸润能力的影响.结果 在一定的浓度范围内,随着茚甲新浓度的增加,胶质瘤细胞的浸润能力明显下降,并且与对照组相比有统计学意义(P＜0.05).但是,其浓度并不影响...     

Relationship between the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and angiogenesis in glioma and its clinical significance

Objective To explore the role and significance of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in angiogenesis through observing the relationship between the expression of MMP-9 and microvessel density (MVD) in glioma. Methods The expressions of MMP-9 and CD34 in 10 cases of normal brain tissues and 58 cases of glioma (14 cases of grade Ⅰ , 20 cases of grade Ⅱ , 15 cases of grade Ⅲ, and 9 cases of grade Ⅳ ) were detected by immunohistochemical streptavidin-peroxidase technique. The positive cells of MMP-9 and the positive microvessels were examined under binocular light microscope. Results The positive expression of MMP-9 in glioma was located in the tumor-cell cytoplast and endothelial cells. The positive rate of MMP-9 in glioma of grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ was 42.9%, 65.0%, 86.7% and 88. 9%, respectively. The expression of MMP-9 was obviously higher than that of normal brain tissues (P<0.01) and positively correlated with glioma malignancy (rz =0. 597, P<0.05). MVD was correlated with glioma malignancy (H=47. 865, P<0. 05). The expression of MMP-9 was significantly correlated with MVD (rz =0.897, P<0.01). Conclusion The expressions of MMP-9 and MVD are correlated with glioma malignancy, which may be helpful in judging the malignancy, invasion and prognosis. MMP-9 plays an important role in angiogenesis of glioma and accelerates glioma malignancy development by promoting angiogenesis.     

Induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation of C6 glioma cells in vitro by tamoxifen

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor effect and mechanism of tamoxifen on rat C6 glioma cells. Methods C6 cells were cultured in Dulbecco＇s modified Eagle＇s medium （DMEM） with 3% fetal calf serum （FCS）, and treated with tamoxifen of different concentrations, i.e. group A （1.25 μmol/L）, group B （2.50 μmol/L）, group C （5. 00 μmol/L）, group D （10. 00 μmol/L）, group E （20. 00 μmol/L） and control group （0. 00 μmol/L）. Morphological changes, MTT assay and 5-bromo-2＇-deoxyuriding labeling ratio were assessed. Apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry. Results C6 cells treated with different doses of tamoxifen for 24, 48, and 72 hours became irregular in shape, while cells treated with vehicle grew normally. MTT assay showed that tamoxifen did not suppress C6 cell growth until 72 hours after treatment. Seventy-two hours after treatment, there were significant differences in cell viable rate between group A versus groups C, D and E; so did group B versus group D as well as group E （P〈 0.05 ）. BrdU incorporation assay indicated significant difference of BrdU labbled index （BrdU LI） among groups A, C, E and control group 48 hoers after treatment （P〈0.05）. And the BrdU LI decreased with the increased concentration of tamoxifen. Flow cytometry （FCM） showed significant difference between treated group and control group at 24, 48, and 72 hours after treatment （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Tamoxifen significantly suppresses the growth of C6 glioma cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The mechanism of tamoxifen suppressing C6 glioma cells may be inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis. Therefore, tamoxifen can be a candidate as a chemotherapy agent for glioma.     

微血管密度和基质金属蛋白酶-9的表达与胶质瘤病理分级的关系

目的　探讨微血管密度 (MVD)和基质金属蛋白酶 9(MMP 9)的表达与人脑胶质瘤恶性程度及预后的关系。方法　采用免疫组织化学SP法检测 5 8例不同病理分级的人脑胶质瘤及 10例正常脑组织标本中MMP 9和CD3 4 的表达 ,测定其阳性细胞数和阳性血管数。结果　胶质瘤中MMP 9表达于肿瘤细胞胞浆和血管内皮细胞 ;不同病理分级胶质瘤中MMP 9阳性表达率分别为Ⅰ级 4 2 .9% ,Ⅱ级 6 5 .0 % ,Ⅲ级 86 .7% ,Ⅳ级 88.9% ,显著高于正常脑组织 (P<0 .0 1) ,且与胶质瘤恶性程度呈正相关 (rs=0 .5 97,P <0 .0 5 ) ;不同病理分级胶质瘤中MVD存在显著性差异 (H =4 7.86 5 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　MVD和MMP 9的表达与胶质瘤恶性程度密切相关 ,可作为临床判断胶质瘤恶性程度、侵袭性及预后的重要指标。     

丽珠赛乐治疗颅脑外伤的疗效观察

观察早期应用而球赛乐治疗颅脑外伤的治疗效果。将手术和保守治疗的患者均随机分为观察组和对照组；观察组用丽珠赛乐治疗。结果：观察组治疗后意识状态、GCS评分和自觉症状改善明显优于对照组。提示丽珠赛乐是安全、较理想的神经功能恢复药，它能提高神经细胞的耐缺氧能力，保护神经元，改善脑代谢。