评柯胡《社会、贸易及组织:3世纪至13世纪的闽南》

泉州位于福建沿海,是中国宋元时期著名的港口城市之一,在中国与其他国家发展贸易、文化及外交往来中发挥了重要的作用.目前,有关泉州的各种语言的文献记载和研究,数量还是相当多的,然而,将其置于一个较大的区域性框架下进行考察的研究还比较少见.在本人尚未出版的完成于1982年的博士论文中,就曾作过这方面的尝试.我在自己的论文中,不仅把泉州视作一个繁荣的海港,更把它看作是泉州、漳州、兴化三府区域的中心.[2]柯胡的大著无疑是第一部从此视角来研究泉州的英语学术著作.书中涉及的区域包括福建的南部沿海地区,明清时期多称之为闽南,但作者称之为泉南.     

Dynamic Bandwidth Analysis for Coordinated Arterial Streets

A commonly used strategy for improving mobility along signalized arterials is to coordinate neighboring intersections to minimize vehicle stops by maximizing the duration of green bands, otherwise known as arterial bandwidth. Signal coordination has been researched, developed, and refined for five decades. In lieu of traditional methods that are based on the analysis of programmed green times (which assume all phases operate at their maximum settings), a dynamic bandwidth analysis method is presented that reproduces actual dynamic bandwidth durations using closed loop signal data. The analysis is intended to help assess the performance of semi-actuated coordinated signal systems on arterial streets. In addition, the study highlights the arterial progression benefits that result from changing coordinated intersection offsets based on optimizing the dynamic, rather than the programmed, bandwidths. Detailed analysis at three arterial sites revealed that coordinated green phase time distributions are complex and multimodal and cannot be represented by a single-valued statistic. Dynamic bandwidth analysis confirmed that programmed green bandwidth consistently underestimates the size of the actual dynamic bandwidth, and exhaustive search results highlighted the potential for further improvements in coordination. Future research will include field and simulation comparative studies and the development of efficient methods for dynamic bandwidth optimization.     

宋元时期闽南海外贸易中的商业活动

史书中并没有详细记载海外贸易活动是如何组织起来的.尽管我们从一些线索中可以了解当时的一些贸易活动,但很难证明其普遍存在,更不能断定它们已代表所有当时的活动.下面讨论的几种贸易模式仅仅是一些贸易活动的例子,藉以说明闽南商业的特色.……