Simulating the household plug-in hybrid electric vehicle distribution and its electric distribution network impacts

This paper presents a multi agent-based simulation framework for modeling spatial distribution of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle ownership at local residential level, discovering “plug-in hybrid electric vehicle hot zones” where ownership may quickly increase in the near future, and estimating the impacts of the increasing plug-in hybrid electric vehicle ownership on the local electric distribution network with different charging strategies. We use Knox County, Tennessee as a case study to highlight the simulation results of the agent-based simulation framework.     

岩沥青微表处路用性能加速加载试验研究

岩沥青是一种天然沥青改性剂,它具有改善路面的路用性能的特性。以“轮胎驱动式路面功能加速加载试验系统”作为试验平台,添加不同含量的岩沥青改性乳化沥青对微表处混合料进行改良,并进行室内加速加载试验。通过模拟实际道路特点,分析微表处混合料路用性能变化规律,并定量评价岩沥青的含量对其路用性能的影响。研究成果对推动微表处技术的应用与发展具有重要意义。     

Regional Cooperation in the Post-South China Sea Arbitration Era: Potential Mechanism and Cooperative Areas

Although the South China arbitration has been settled recently, the final settlement of the South China Sea disputes remains in a political stalemate, at least for the near future. This article proposes a regional mechanism that could form the basis for further cooperation in the South China Sea. This mechanism is informed by political theory, facts on the grounds, and lessons learned from cooperative practices in other regions. As a way to work toward a resolution to the South China Sea's sovereignty disputes, and to improve on current cooperative practices, the objective of this mechanism is to involve all parties in the region and thus cover the entire South China Sea, including the disputed areas. Based on incentives for claimants, the level of political sensitivity, the advantage of involving all claimants and disputed areas, and past practices that have facilitated Taiwan's participation, it is the conclusion of this analysis that the conservation and management of marine living resources is the most promising area of cooperation. In addition, the practice in Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission is recommended as an appropriate model to be applied mutatis mutandis in the South China Sea.     

Motivators and deterrents of bicycling: comparing influences on decisions to ride

In a survey of 1,402 current and potential cyclists in Metro Vancouver, 73 motivators and deterrents of cycling were evaluated. The top motivators, consistent among regular, frequent, occasional and potential cyclists, were: routes away from traffic noise and pollution; routes with beautiful scenery; and paths separated from traffic. In factor analysis, the 73 survey items were grouped into 15 factors. The following factors had the most influence on likelihood of cycling: safety; ease of cycling; weather conditions; route conditions; and interactions with motor vehicles. These results indicate the importance of the location and design of bicycle routes to promote cycling.     

SB203580对NO诱导兔关节软骨细胞NF-κB表达的影响

目的探讨p38 MAPK抑制剂SB203580对软骨细胞NF-κB蛋白表达的影响。方法体外培养兔关节软骨细胞,经甲苯胺兰染色鉴定后,一氧化氮(NO)供体NOC-18和p38 MAPK抑制剂SB203580作用于细胞24 h,用MTT比色法检测细胞增殖活性,Western blot测定NF-κB p65亚单位蛋白表达水平。结果与对照组比较,NOC-18能抑制软骨细胞MTT增殖活性(P<0.05);NOC-18诱导的NF-κB p65活性的升高被SB203580抑制(P<0.05),而仅有SB203580作用于细胞时,与对照组比较,差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论p38 MAPK促进了NO诱导的兔关节软骨细胞NF-κB的表达,NO致软骨细胞凋亡的信号通路中涉及了NF-κB的活性表达。     

Underwater acoustic field and pressure fluctuation on ship hull due to unsteady propeller sheet cavitation

The main objective of this paper is to develop an efficient numerical method which can predict the underwater acoustic field and pressure fluctuation on a ship hull due to unsteady propeller sheet cavitation by linear acoustic theory. In addition, the noise scattered from the ship hull and reflected from the free surface are included. Concerning the computation of the acoustic field induced by unsteady sheet cavitation and forces of a marine propeller, a method is derived without making any approximation about the distance function between the noise source and field point. Thus, this method can be used to predict acoustic pressure at both far and near fields, and this is very important for the scattering problem because the ship hull is located very close to the propeller. For the computation of the scattering problem, a more efficient and robust method is derived in time domain, which can treat multi-frequency waves scattered from underwater obstacles. The acoustic fields of a container ship radiated by the propeller and scattered from the ship hull with free surface is investigated in this paper. The pressure fluctuations of low blade rate on the ship hull induced by the propeller are also computed by the present method and are found to be similar to the results obtained by a panel method satisfying the Laplace equation for the points near the propeller due to the small retarding time. However, for the points on the ship hull away from the propeller, the differences of the results between two methods will increase.