Development of hot stamped center pillar using form die with channel type indirect blank holder

The hot stamping process has been used in the automotive industry to reduce the weight of the body-in-white and to increase passenger safety via improved crashworthiness. However, defects such as fracture and wrinkle occur when hot stamping is performed using a conventional drawing or forming method. In this study, a channel-type indirect blank holder (CIBH) is proposed to develop a high-strength center pillar in form-type hot stamping, so that the aforementioned drawbacks are overcome. This type of blank holder plays an important role in reducing severe wrinkling at the flange; such wrinkling leads to folding after the completion of form-type hot-stamping. First, we investigated the effect of the channel shape on the indirect blank holding force by using a simplified two-dimensional plane-strain stamping process. Second, we selected the slope angle and corner radius of the channel as the main shape parameters by finite element analysis and artificial neural network (ANN). It is known that fracture at the hot formed wall and wrinkle at the flange are significantly affected by the slope angle of the channel, and the appropriate value for eliminating fracture and wrinkle is determined to be 99°. By performing hot stamping using a form die with the selected channel, we can manufacture a high-strength center pillar without wrinkle and fracture.     

Performance estimation model of a torque converter part I: Correlation between the internal flow field and energy loss coefficient

The objective of this paper is to improve the performance estimation model of the internal flow field of a torque converter. Compared with performance experiment results, the converter based on the one-dimensional model does not satisfy the performance requirements demanded in practice. Therefore, we need to develop more predictable and reliable performance estimation models. In order to obtain shape information on three-dimensional blade geometry, a process of reverse engineering conducts a torque converter assembly, impeller, turbine and stator. In addition, a CFD simulation including mesh generation and post-processing was carried out to extract equivalent parameters from the internal flow field. The internal flow field can be explained by analyze the correlation between a performance estimation model and CFD analysis. The equivalent performance model adopts the variation of energy loss coefficients for a given operating condition according to the application of a changing energy loss coefficient by the least mean squares method. The estimated equivalent model improves the agreement in performance between experiments and the theoretical model. This model can reduce the error to within about 3 percent. Furthermore, this procedure for predicted performance achieves eminence in the estimation of the capacity factor.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

一种新型凝汽器铜管污垢状况在线监测仪

目前 ,火力发电厂凝汽器大多采用定期清洗。提出了一种通过污垢热阻评定凝汽器铜管污垢状况的计算方法 ,设计了基于单片机系统的污垢热阻在线测量系统 ,有助于实现胶球清洗系统的在线优化、确定最佳清洗周期。测量系统设计合理、操作方便     

我国内河电子航道图数据保护方案

为确保内河电子航道图在传输过程中的安全性和完整性,针对内河管理的特点提出一套内河电子航道图数据保护方案.方案基于现代加密技术和数字签名技术,在数据提供商、设备制造商和数据用户三方相互鉴别、相互认证的条件下实施,通过用户权证和江图权证来鉴别用户身份和传递密钥,并设计了用户端数据处理流程.应用结果表明,该方案有效、安全.     

理化检验样品中铅,铜测定的微波消化条件探讨

报道了利用微波消化检验样品的基本原理，并介绍了利用民用微波炉，聚四氟乙烯高压罐消化样品的操作方法及最佳消化条件。经微波消化的消化液。应用原子吸收法测定其中的铅和铜，并做了回收率实验。测定结果变异系数铜：２．０％－４．５％，铅：２．５％－３．８％。回收率铜９８．０％－９９．０％，铅：９６．０％－９９．５％。     

Assessment of residual ultimate strength of an asymmetrically damaged tanker considering rotational and translational shifts of neutral axis plane

This paper provides two convergence criteria to find translational and rotational locations of the neutral axis plane (NAP) for intact and damaged vessels. Definition of three types of asymmetries of a ship section is proposed: material-, load-, and geometry-induced asymmetries. Concept of moment plane (MP) is introduced to define the heeling angle of ship section. It is suggested that force equilibrium and force vector equilibrium criteria are simultaneously necessary to determine new position of NAP due to both translational and rotational shifts. In order to verify the applicability of the convergence criteria, midship section of a VLCC is selected with two types of asymmetries: one is due to heeling of a section and the other due to hull damages. 0° and 30° heeling conditions and collision-induced and grounding-induced damage extents based on ABS Guides and DNV Ship Rules are taken into account. The various section properties are compared according to the area reduction ratios for each heeling and damage cases. It is shown that ultimate hull girder capacities are closely related to the area reduction due to the damages. Using new convergence criterion, mobility of NAPs and force centroids in elastic and inelastic regimes are visually provided.     

Spatial epidemiologic analysis of relative collision risk factors among urban bicyclists and pedestrians

Pedestrians and bicyclists are the victims of countless car crashes in U.S. cities as well as around the world. Yet, many dimensions of their involvement in crashes remain rather poorly known. In this article, we follow a spatial epidemiologic approach to study the relative risk factors of bicycle and pedestrian crashes at the neighborhood level in the City of Buffalo, NY over a two-year period. The analysis examines physical road characteristics such as roadway and intersection functional classes, urban density and type of development—business or residential, as well as socio-economic and demographic variables to identify discriminating risk factors between the two non-motorized transportation modes. The analysis underscores significant differences tied to neighborhood ethnicity, educational attainment and land use, while physical characteristics of the road infrastructure register as marginally discriminating factors. Income related socio-economic status is not found to play a prominent role.     

Prediction of failure characteristics of spot welds of DP and trip steels with an equivalent strength failure model

This paper proposes a new equivalent failure strength model for spot welds under combined axial and shear loading. To evaluate the pure-shear strength of spot welds fabricated under the same welding conditions with a two-layered lap joint, a test fixture and a specimen were newly designed and proposed. The failure tests of spot welds of TRIP590 1.2t, DP780 1.0t, DP780 1.2t, and DP980 1.2t were carried out at seven different loading angles ranging from 0° to 90° at an internal angle of 15° to obtain the failure loads. The failure loads obtained from the experiments were utilized to construct the failure criterion and thus describe the failure behavior of spot welds in the crash analysis or strength analysis of an auto-body. It is noted that the value of β in the failure criterion for spot welds of AHSS is different from the values of conventional steels. The new equivalent failure strength model proposed in this paper was derived from the failure test results to provide a representative failure model that can be used to accurately compare the failure characteristics of different materials under the same conditions.