Study on toughening on crack prevention of jointed rock masses with different pre-stress anchor cables

The major reason of the failure of jointed rock-mass is the formation of the plastic zone near the crack tip of I-II mixed crack which leads to the growth, propagation of the branched crack under load condition. In the paper, the failure judgment of mini-plastic zone??s displacement is derived by the Mises yielding rule. The anchor cable is simulated by the different link elements and inflicting pre-strains according to the difference of mechanism of the consolidated segment and free segment. The stress and strain fields near crack tip of twain collinear cracks of different angles and consolidated conditions are simulated by iso-parametric element with eight nodes. The iso-parametric element with eight nodes is degenerated to singular element at crick tip to simulate crack. It is shown that the mini plastic zone??s displacement near the crack tip begins to increase, then decreases with the increase of the angle of the crack. The better consolidated condition is, the smaller the angle of crack tip is when the mini plastic zone??s displacement near the crack tip arrives at the biggest value. The mini plastic zone??s displacement near the crack Tip 2 is bigger than that near the crack Tip 3. The crack is easier to failure with the increase of load.     

深埋隧洞让压支护结构的锚固机理探究

为研究层状岩性下深埋隧洞让压支护结构对围岩分区破裂的影响及其锚固机理,文章开展了高应力条件下深埋隧洞三维相似物理模型试验。选取3∶3和4∶3两种配比的相似材料分层铺设夯实,对4种支护结构形式(刚性衬砌支护、刚性衬砌+让压锚杆支护、柔性衬砌支护和柔性衬砌+让压锚杆支护)进行对比研究。应力试验结果表明,采用刚性衬砌与柔性衬砌支护时,隧洞拱顶、拱肩和侧墙应力均出现波峰与波谷的波浪变化,围岩依然存在分区破裂趋势。而刚性衬砌+让压锚杆组合支护下应力波浪变化趋势减弱,表明支护结构抑制了围岩分区破裂趋势。让压锚杆应变监测结果表明,刚性衬砌和柔性衬砌拱顶位置,让压锚杆均出现了拉压应变交替变化规律,而柔性衬砌支护时隧洞拱肩与侧墙位置让压锚杆只出现拉应变现象。刚性衬砌+让压锚杆的新型让压组合支护结构对抑制深埋隧洞围岩分区破裂有重要意义。     

地铁盾构双隧道施工诱发的地层变形规律分析

以大连地铁202标段双隧道盾构施工工程为背景,考虑土体的分层以及隧道施工过程中盾构推进、注浆和衬砌拼装等工序,运用FLAC3D软件对盾构双隧道同向先后施工过程进行三维精细数值模拟,并与现场测量数据进行对比分析.结果表明:先施工的右线隧道掘进完成后,隧道上方各层土体越靠近地表,盾构施工引起的地层竖向变形越小,而地层的沉降槽宽度越大,地表沉降槽宽度系数为0.56;近距离双隧道同向先后开挖时,土体相互扰动,地层距离隧道轴线的高度越小,地层竖向变形非对称“双峰”特征越明显,岩层的成层性使得双峰特征消失时岩层距离隧道轴线的高度有差别;两隧道中心线和轴线附近地表有不同方向水平变形,此区域的桩基、剪力墙在隧道掘进时将受到附加剪切作用,易出现裂缝,故在施工中应做好切实的防护措施;监测结果验证了数值模拟方法的正确性,在盾构掌子面距离监测点12 m范围内,地表沉降发展得较快.