赤木文库藏琉球官话课本《广应官话》中三则清代闽琉交流史料考述

赤木文库本《广应官话》中保留了三则清代闽琉交流史料,一则是见于《历代宝案》的闽县林合兴商船杠椇清册,属于雍正十年(1732)中琉海难救助史料;另一则是雍乾时期闽中进士刘敬与和琉球人的友好交往记录;最后一则是闽地流行的《新刻官话汇解释义音注》等官话正音书的引文,属于乾嘉时期闽琉文化交流的史料。这些史料一方面说明琉球官话课本语料来源的复杂性,另一方面也体现出其在闽琉交流史研究中的特殊性。     

Discussions on rail in urban areas and rail history

This paper includes discussions on rail in urban areas and railway history. More specifically commonly used terms and definitions for rail services, policy and practice in urban areas are discussed followed by an overview of railway developments around the world.     

Editorial Comment

This article examines fundamental questions concerning the origins and evolution of academic transport studies and the dynamics of its historical development. These fundamental questions are generally little discussed, yet are vital in gaining a better understanding of how the subject is driven forward. This article therefore attempts to answer these questions by taking the UK as a case study, with the principal method being evidence from semi-structured interviews with 20 senior figures integrally involved in the development of the subject. The characterization of transport studies provided by Allsop is employed as an analytical framework, enabling the construction of a historical narrative that can provide salient insights. Thus, it is argued that for academic transport studies the degree of early cross-fertilization with public arenas has meant that subsequent developments have been shaped by the subject's contextual environment. Most prominent among these developments has been the trend towards wider disciplinary breadth. This article examines the evolution of these processes, while the concluding section discusses their implications for consequent strengths and limitations of the subject.     

科学史:是科学还是历史——以天文学史及星占学为例

本文从科学技术史这一专业在国内学科体系中的特殊地位出发,以天文学史研究中与星占学的关系为个案,讨论了将科学史研究归属于科学或归属于历史学的利弊。作者认为与其将科学史归属于科学,不如将科学史归属于历史学,而最理想的则是像国际上一样将科学史视为一个独立的学科。     

History of wheel/rail contact mechanics: from Redtenbacher to Kalker

The history of wheel/rail contact mechanics is an integrated part of contact mechanics. Problems of wheel/rail contact (damage phenomena and influence of contact mechanics on vehicle dynamics, especially on vehicle stability) have been investigated since the middle of the 19th Century. In 1855, Redtenbacher was the first to consider head checking. Stability investigations started with Boedecker (1887) and were continued by Carter (1916); however, they were not recognized at that time. Stability analysis was only considered to be an integrated step in vehicle design in about 1955 when stability problems started to occur in practice. The scientific foundations of our present investigations are based on Heinrich Hertz, Frederick William Carter and Hans Fromm. The key contributors to research in the last fifty years in the field of wheel/rail contact mechanics are Joost Kalker and Ken Johnson.     

全球史视野下日本学界的明清东亚海域史研究——中岛乐章先生访谈录

随着中国“一带一路”倡议的提出,海洋史研究成为历史学界的研究热点。九州大学人文科学府东洋史领域的中岛乐章先生多年来致力于明清东亚海域史的研究,成果丰硕。他认为日本学者在研究东亚海域史时,不应局限于日本和亚洲其他国家之间的关系史,而应该将日本视作亚洲的一部分,突破原来日本学界日本史、中国史、朝鲜史、东南亚史等学科的区域研究壁垒,强调对日本、中国、朝鲜、东南亚等国家和地区之间互相交流的历史予以关注。此外,他强调将东、西洋史料结合起来,从全球史的宏观视野研究东亚华人、日本人、琉球人等的海上贸易、交流活动。     

高校弘扬主旋律的重要渠道-略论《中国近现代史纲要》课的开设与功能

《中国近现代史纲要》课程经历了2006年的试点,近两年全面开设的过程,目前已经逐渐成为我国高等学校本科阶段思想政治教育与人文素质培养的主干课之一,也已然成为高校弘扬主旋律的重要渠道,不断突显出其独特的教育意义。     

汽车安全性的历史和现状

近年来，随着汽车保有量的增加，汽车安全性在为人们普遍关注的问题，因为它直接关系到人的生命和财产损失，阐述了汽车安全性的历史和现状，综合介绍了各种主动安全和被动安全技术及各国研究人员对汽车安全性研究和试验的状况。     

"走出中世纪"与"私有产权"--由《中国历史通论》谈起

产权问题历久而弥新，其中“私有产权”是否是历史上的实然存在是个值得深究的问题．而因此把“私有产权”与“走出中世纪”相勾连，更是可能在史实、制度精神等数个层面上难以自圆其说．     

大型铁路枢纽地区综合改造规划研究——以沈阳站地区为例

沈阳站交通枢纽的规划建设和实施,将对沈阳建设东北亚交通枢纽城市产生积极推进作用,也将对城市空间总体布局、产业发展、区域再开发产生重要影响。枢纽的建设,涉及城市用地布局、区域交通设施、交通组织、环境整治和历史保护街区等多项内容。针对沈阳站地区存在的问题和发展趋势,以沈阳市城市总体规划、综合交通规划、快速轨道交通线网规划和太原街地区规划为基础,提出了沈阳站地区的目标定位和规划理念,进行了该地区的用地功能分区和交通设施布局,制定了具体的交通组织方案。