车辆转向架前端加装弧形导流槽对转向架积雪结冰情况的影响

通过空气动力学仿真分析和风洞试验,研究车辆转向架前端加装弧形防风雪导流槽对车辆转向架积雪区域空气动力学性能的影响,以及对转向架区域积雪结冰情况的影响。研究发现:在车辆转向架前端安装弧形防风雪导流槽,可以减少气流对转向架区域的直接冲击;可增加底部气体流速,使夹带雪花颗粒的气流快速通过转向架区域;空气流经导流槽发生明显下扬,使原空气流线在进入转向架区域时发生的上扬现象消失;安装弧形导流槽对整个转向架区域的积雪情况有明显改善作用。     

A generic data assimilation framework for vehicle trajectory reconstruction on signalized urban arterials using particle filters

With trajectory data, a complete microscopic and macroscopic picture of traffic flow operations can be obtained. However, trajectory data are difficult to observe over large spatiotemporal regions—particularly in urban contexts—due to practical, technical and financial constraints. The next best thing is to estimate plausible trajectories from whatever data are available. This paper presents a generic data assimilation framework to reconstruct such plausible trajectories on signalized urban arterials using microscopic traffic flow models and data from loops (individual vehicle passages and thus vehicle counts); traffic control data; and (sparse) travel time measurements from whatever source available. The key problem we address is that loops suffer from miss- and over-counts, which result in unbounded errors in vehicle accumulations, rendering trajectory reconstruction highly problematic. Our framework solves this problem in two ways. First, we correct the systematic error in vehicle accumulation by fusing the counts with sparsely available travel times. Second, the proposed framework uses particle filtering and an innovative hierarchical resampling scheme, which effectively integrates over the remaining error distribution, resulting in plausible trajectories. The proposed data assimilation framework is tested and validated using simulated data. Experiments and an extensive sensitivity analysis show that the proposed method is robust to errors both in the model and in the measurements, and provides good estimations for vehicle accumulation and vehicle trajectories with moderate sensor quality. The framework does not impose restrictions on the type of microscopic models used and can be naturally extended to include and estimate additional trajectory attributes such as destination and path, given data are available for assimilation.     

低路基桥涵优化设计

对濮阳至信阳高速公路濮阳段路基高改低设计中桥涵设计要点加以简述．并通过增设天桥和下挖通道降低路基填土高度，解决由此引起的通道积水问题，从而实现了降低路基高度的设计目标。     

基于知识积累的软件运行剖面生成方法及黑箱测试技术

软件的黑箱测试是一个面向用户的软件测试方法，当它以运行剖面为基础生成测试案例时，运行剖面的完备性将直接影响其测试结果的可信性，基于知识积累的软件运行剖面生成方法就是试图通过知识的获取和积累使生成的运行剖面日趋完备，从而达到黑箱测试技术在某些特殊的软件测试领域中更具实用和可信。文章讨论了软件 运行剖面的完备性和软件失效类等概念，提出了一种基于知识各界的软件运行剖面生成广阔圾黑箱测试技术，这种技术现已     

新会基地码头软基加固监测及效果评价分析

以新会基地码头软基处理工程为例，着重介绍软土地基在堆载预压下土体的变形、固结过程。通过对地表沉降、孔隙水压力、水平位移的现场观测及对实测数据的分析，结果表明，堆载预压法能达到预期的加固目的，是经济可靠的软基加固方法。     

鱼雷攻击潜艇的毁伤效果评估模型研究

客观、准确地评价鱼雷攻击潜艇的毁伤效果是鱼雷与潜艇对抗的最后一环,也是评价鱼雷武器系统作战效能的重要指标。本文在现有毁伤概率计算方法的基础上引进了舱段的毁伤程度、要害指数、命中概率、毁伤效果累积系数和齐射毁伤系数等参数,建立了一种比较全面的用来评价鱼雷攻击潜艇毁伤效果的数学模型,并给出了典型应用。     

深圳地铁空调冷负荷特性对冰蓄冷技术的影响

以屏蔽门系统某深圳地铁站为例 ,对地铁冷负荷情况进行分析 ,针对地铁站的特点对冰蓄冷的控制策略进行调整 ,并对常规空调与蓄冷空调的投资分析比较。     

曲率系数在评价土的级配情况中的重要意义

通过分析与计算 ,指出曲率系数在评价土的级配中的重要意义。     

财富积累与可持续发展:华村的启示

财富的积累与社会的变迁相联系。华村集体与村民财富的积累得益于城市化和市场经济的机遇。经济精英的创新作为是华村可持续发展的主体动因。     

基于崩塌体堆积作用下的滑坡稳定性分析

基于刚体理论和整体极限平衡原理,建立力学传递模型,分析滑坡在崩塌体堆积作用下的稳定性,建立链式计算关系,最终可确定滑坡破坏的极限阈值。以重庆市李子坝一化龙桥危岩滑坡为例,对该计算理论的正确性进行验证,结果表明该计算理论能很好地反映在崩塌体堆积作用下发生滑坡灾害链的实际情况,且具有较高的计算精度,可以为此类问题提供借鉴和参考。