甘肃省发展生态交通的实践与思考

针对甘肃省的地理特征和交通发展现状,提出了实施东部保护、中部恢复、西部治理的生态交通工程战略.以雅永公路的具体实践为例,阐述了直线穿越沙漠、修建宽阔平整带、铺设平铺式粘土(砂砾)沙障、铺筑渣油沥青光滑路面和营造防沙林带或插设直立式沙障等公路交通工程防沙治沙的具体措施.根据甘肃西部的地域特点,提出了率先在甘肃西部实施生态交通工程项目试点的三点建议:组织开展生态交通工程项目理论研究和技术攻关;着手编制甘肃省生态交通工程项目规划;选择试点项目实施近中远期生态交通工程项目规划.     

常州快速公交系统的实践

作为现代城市可持续发展公共交通新理念的快速公交,正在被中国更多的城市所关注或实施。常州在快速公交的实践中,从建设以人为本、可持续发展和谐常州的基本理念出发,探索把快速公交的要素同常州城市形态和社会经济发展实际进行有机的结合,准确把握“四位”的确立,形成了以中央侧式站台、组合线路等为主要特色的常州快速公交系统。实践表明：常州快速公交系统是结合中国城市实际建设快速公交的成功实践,对于中国其他城市建设快速公交具有借鉴意义。     

基于“1+3”的复合型人才课程体系的探索与实践——以新能源汽车技术专业为例

当前时期,针对复合型人才教学体系的创新,应当有对性地构建起更加完善的人才培养体系,并做好对于学生的专业性知识技能和专业性职业技能优化培养。结合现阶段的新能源汽车技术专业培养,要针对把握性教学标准和教学要求,做好有效性的更新和完善,本文主要结合基于1+3的复合型人才课程体系的探索与实践展开了研究分析。     

中职汽车维修专业教学改革中理实一体化的运用分析

随着我国逐渐的发展,汽车的保有量数据呈现递增趋势,所以在汽车维修领域中需要大批的高水平人才.在中职教学中,汽修专业占据大量的学生也是汽修人才辈出的主要根据地.在面对汽车领域对汽修人才的大量需求,教师应更加注重对学生的专业素养能力的培养,满足汽车市场的条件,在中职院校应加强教学改革内容将实践和理论相结合,使学生能进行实操...     

地质选线在杭新景高速公路衢州段的应用实践

杭新景高速公路衢州段处于浙江省西部山区,该地区地质地貌复杂,不良地质类型多样,潜在地质灾害严重。在该高速公路路线设计阶段,贯彻地质选线的理念,进行多方案比选,对不良地质采取避让、处治等措施,不仅可有效降低工程造价,而且可以避免地质灾害的发生,为工程的建设和运营安全打下良好基础。     

公路工程监理与国际惯例的差距探讨

通过对我国公路工程监理和国际惯例的比较，指出了我国公路工程监理机制与国际惯例的差距，并提出了解决问题的建议。     

Dynamic diurnal social taxonomy of urban environments using data from a geocoded time use activity-travel diary and point-based business establishment inventory

In this paper, we explore the diurnal dynamics of joint activity participation in a small city in Pennsylvania, USA, using behavioral data and an inventory of business establishments. We account for the variation caused by the collective impact of social, temporal and spatial choices of individuals to produce predicted space–time visualizations of activity participation. The focus is on how social contexts of an activity impact the temporal and spatial decisions regarding the activity locations and how this impact varies depending on activity types. A comparison across activity types and social interaction types is made among spatial patterns during a day. The CentreSIM dataset, which is a household-based activity diary survey collected in Centre County (Pennsylvania, USA) in 2003, provides very detailed social interaction information enabling the analysis of social, spatial and temporal aspects of activity participation. In this paper we use this information to develop a spatio-temporal interpolation method and demonstration based on kriging. In this way, we extract the dynamic social taxonomy of places from the behavioral information in the dataset and suggest how urban and transportation models can be informed from the dynamics of places by observing “what is taking place” (activities being pursued in the context of this paper) combined with “what exists” (business establishments) or “what is available” (businesses that are open). The method here can also be used to improve the design of urban environments (e.g., filling gaps in desired activity locations), manage specific places (e.g., extending the opening and closing times of businesses), study transportation policies that are sensitive to time of day (e.g., pricing of parking to discourage crowding and traffic congestion), and modeling of spatio-temporal decisions of social activities in travel demand models (e.g., to guide the development of model specification and representation of the space in which behavioral models are applied).     

The social context of informal commuting: Slugs, strangers and structuration

Despite considerable interest in the role of social interactions and social context on transportation, there have been very few attempts to explore specific cases of social interaction influencing transportation systems. This paper explores the social practice of slugging, an informal system of carpooling in the Washington, DC area. Slugging emerged in response to the establishment of Virginia’s High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes in the early 1970s, as single drivers picked up riders alongside the road (slugs) in order to meet the requirements for driving in the less congested HOV lanes. Drawing on the work of sociologist Anthony Giddens, as well as the sociological insights of Georg Simmel and Stanley Milgram, we suggest that the practice of slugging highlights the processes of institutionalization and structuration. This paper details how the region’s mass transportation policies and urban culture have combined to result in an institutionalized practice with particular norms and logics of behavior. We conclude that looking at specific cases where social context has affected transportation, like slugging, could provide useful insights on the impact of social context on transportation policies and systems.     

Mobility, social exclusion and well-being: Exploring the links

Building on a growing research foundation, transport policy makers have begun to associate the ability to be mobile with having a role in the facilitation of social inclusion. However, the further connection to well-being is not as well understood. This paper explores the association between a person’s travel patterns, their risk of social exclusion and self-assessed well-being. Key influences on social exclusion are discussed, with trip making emerging as a significant influence. Trip making is not a significant direct influence on well-being but does exercise an indirect influence through the impact on risk of social exclusion. The modelling process enables a value for additional trips to be estimated, the value being about four times the values derived from conventional generated traffic approaches. Similar high values are found in separate metropolitan and regional case studies, confirming the significance of the results.