液氮远洋渔业综合体--浅谈液氮在远洋渔业中的应用

本文从国内远洋渔业现状出发，大胆地提出一个不同于国内外现有远洋渔业捕捞的技术体系想法---液氮远洋渔业综合体，详细介绍了其构成、存在问题及解决方案等技术要点，为国内远洋渔业的发展提供了重要的价值取向。     

渔业船舶评估技术规范研究

着重围绕渔业船舶评估技术规范、评估特点、参数选取、范围界定、不确定影响因素及勘验评估等方面进行规范性的研究,为渔业船舶抵押贷款、海损事故、保险理算等价格评估的公正性和正确性提供科学的依据。     

关于自主建造远洋综合捕捞船的思考

着眼于服务我国世界第一造船强国的战略，在阐述我国自主建造远洋综合捕捞船必要性的基础上，分析国内外远洋综合捕捞船建造的现状及面临的问题，提出了针对我国自主建造远洋综合捕捞船的对策和建议。     

Recreational Leasing of Alaska Commercial Halibut Quota: The Early Years of the GAF Program in Alaska

The Pacific Halibut Catch Sharing Plan formalized the process for allocating halibut between the Alaska commercial and recreational charter sectors. It included a new program intended to allow for “flexibility” through inter-sectoral trading, permitting charter operators to lease commercial halibut pounds to relax client harvest restrictions. Here we evaluate the first two years of lease market activity and participation. Participation from some commercial quota holders in the lease market suggests that the program provided beneficial flexibility; in fact, the number of transfers to the charter sector was greater than transfers within the commercial sector for some quota types. We also identified a high proportion of self-leasers. However, transfers to the charter sector were on average smaller than within-sector commercial transfers, and total poundage leased by the charter sector was low compared with commercial transfers. Usage of leased quota by the recreational charter sector enables the harvest of larger fish or additional fish, and provides flexibility in catch composition on halibut closure days. Finally, the value-per-pound may be higher in the charter sector, as commercial-to-charter transfer prices approached the commercial ex-vessel price.     

贻贝机械化收获与加工平台装备技术的研究

介绍机械化收获与加工平台的基础结构、甲板布置、收获滑道、脱粒机、筛分机、包苗机的设计,使其在海上完成收获、分组、清洗、临时冷藏保鲜、未成熟苗卷包等作业。     

海监船与渔政船主尺度单变量回归分析

文章分析了我国海监船和渔政船发展现状及发展趋势,通过整理分析了相关的船型数据资料,利用逐步回归的数学方法建立了海监船和渔政船主尺度的数学模型,并对数学统计模型进行了实船验证。数学模型的建立有利于分析和掌握海监船与渔政船主尺度变化的规律,为报价设计和初步设计提供了科学依据。     

The Origins and Early Implementation of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976

The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Management and Conservation Act, enacted in 1974, is the primary federal fishery management legislation in the United States. The political impetus that led to enactment was the extensive foreign fish off U.S. shores that expanded following World War II and the failure of international negotiations to prevent the decline in many fisheries relied upon by domestic fishers. In Congress, there was uncertainty as to whether a comprehensive management program would be created along with a unilateral extension of fishery management jurisdiction out to 200 nautical miles. The delay in agreement over a new United Nations Law of the Sea Treaty and resolution of the extent of coastal nation jurisdiction over fisheries culminated in enactment of the legislation sponsored by Senator Warren Magnuson, a Democrat from Washington State, and Senator Ted Stevens, a Republican from the State of Alaska.     

U.S. Fishery Management Councils as Ecosystem-Based Management Policy Takers and Policymakers

The United States has a new national ocean policy that adopts ecosystem-based management (EBM) as its first principle for managing U.S. ocean spaces and marine resources. However, U.S. laws that govern the uses of ocean spaces present a challenging tangle of authorities and mandates that do not easily facilitate ecosystem-based policies. For over 30 years, U.S. marine fisheries management has been guided by eight Regional Fishery Management Councils. Working under the many laws that guide setting stewardship priorities for ocean ecosystems, councils provide the Federal Government with advice on fisheries harvest levels, fish habitat protections, and fishing community needs. Implementing EBM for any ocean ecosystem requires a careful examination of the laws and policy processes that affect human interaction with that ecosystem. This article explores the U.S. perspective on federal ecosystem-based fisheries management, its part in U.S. national ocean policy, and how fishery management councils might position themselves as both EBM policymakers and policy takers for ocean resource management.     

一种水下网具钢丝绳切割装置的设计

针对长江口长期存在的大量非法定置网捕捞问题,依托渔业执法船,文章研究了一种操作方便、高效便捷、安全的小型化定置网网具取缔装置,并在海上试验中取得了非常理想的效果。通过钢丝绳剪切器能够快速准确地破坏非法网具钢丝绳,并且具有使用方便、安全可靠等特点,特别适合近海的执法活动。研究结果为近海的非法网具清理装备以及环境保护提供了研究依据和基础。     

造纸废水排放对海洋生态环境和渔业资源的影响

以南通污水排海工程为例,通过造纸废水中AOX指标对水生生物短期对比试验,确定废水急、慢性致死安全浓度最高的受试生物类型为黑鲷卵,并以黑鲷卵的废水长期安全概率不低于50%的浓度值的包络区域确定为污水排放的混合区,依据数模计算出的混合区面积,结合各种海洋生物的损失率,计算出废水排放造成混合区内海洋生态和渔业资源的年直接损失,同时由AOX浓度增量的范围分级提出对废水长期影响范围区的控制管理。