Wave impact on a horizontal elastic plate

The objective is to find slamming-induced local stresses in the steel or aluminum wetdeck of a multihull vessel. This is studied theoretically by representing the wetdeck as a beam model and accounting for dynamic hydroelastic effects. Two numerical methods are used, one being a simplified asymptotic solution. Satisfactory agreement between the two methods is reported. Experimental drop tests of horizontal elastic plates of steel and aluminum are also reported, and the results from the experiments agree well with the numerical computations. This study reveals, both numerically and experimentally, that slamming-induced local stresses are strongly influenced by dynamic hydroelastic effects. The maximum bending stresses are insensitive to where waves hit, the curvature of the waves, and maximum pressures. Measured maximum pressures are very sensitive to external conditions, and cannot be used as a measure of maximum local bending stresses. A simple procedure for local design stresses due to wetdeck slamming is outlined.     

基于一个二维水弹塑性方法和极限强度评估的集装箱船结构优化研究

海上极端波过去常常导致船舶结构的极限破坏,而船舶的极限崩溃涉及到船体结构的动态极限强度和结构非线性.该文通过二维的水弹塑性方法研究了集装箱船在极端波中的非线性动态强度,该方法考虑了船体的极限强度以及船体结构的非线性和波浪之间的耦合.并通过该二维水弹塑性方法和极限评估方法研究了船体结构的结构优化.文中还通过二次规划法(SQP)来优化基于非线性的动态强度的集装箱船体结构.最少的结构成本是本优化的目标函数,约束条件保证船体的强度要小于结构的极限强度,并且结构设计尺寸要满足规范的要求.随着设计波高的变化,这些优化的设计变量的变化趋势得以发现,一些研究的结论可用于船舶规范的参考.     

On the dispersion relation of hydroelastic waves in a plate

This paper deals with the dispersion relation of hydroelastic waves in pontoon-type very large floating structures (VLFS) using a simple beam modeling, where the term hydroelastic waves means propagation of deflection vibrations in VLFS. The purpose of this paper is to show the properties of the hydroelastic waves. The dispersion relation of hydroelastic waves propagating in an infinite plate floating on the water is derived based on the linear water wave theory. The effects of the water depth and of the bending rigidity of the floating plate on the wavelength, phase velocity, and group velocity of the hydroelastic waves are shown theoretically or numerically. Then, the dispersion relation of hydroelastic waves in a finite plate floating on shallow water is investigated. It is shown that the wavelength or the phase velocity of the hydroelastic waves varies with the location in the plate. Received for publication on April 7, 1999; accepted on Aug. 20, 1999     

升船机提升系统中船厢、水体和钢缆相互耦合作用分析

本文在作者[1]先前采用水弹性理论建立的对整个提升系统的动力特性进行数值研究的理论模型的基础上,首先对船厢变形状态下的缆力表达式作了更为详细的推导,然后以中国船舶科学研究中心的1∶30的缩比模型为对象,从整体角度,对其流固耦合问题,主要是提升过程中船厢内水体的晃荡、提升缆的受力和船厢动态响应,作了数值研究.在提升系统受到船厢内一非对称水波扰动的假定下,分别对船厢简化为刚性和考虑实际弹性的两种情况进行了计算、分析和对比,得出了一些有益的结论.计算结果表明,对升船机这样一个复杂系统,文献[1]中所建立的理论模型及本文的数值计算方法是可行的.     

Slamming load on a very large floating structure with shallow draft

The objective of this paper is to estimate the slamming load acting on a pontoon-type very large floating structure with a shallow draft. Experiments were carried out using elastic models with different rigidities in regular waves. The results revealed that the slamming load was strongly influenced by the rigidity of the model. The conditions under which slamming occurs depended on the extent of the bottom emergence and the velocity of the relative wave height at the bow of the model. These results were related to a simple procedure for estimating slamming load.     

对一型潜器的水下振动响应分析

文章基于三维水弹性方法,分析了一型潜水器水下航行中的振动响应特性,通过求解干模态的广义坐标响应及对应的附连水质量,确定了干模态频率和湿谐振频率的对应关系。该文预报的水下响应曲线的峰值频率得到了水声试验测试结果的印证,说明了三维水弹性方法在求解水下结构振动响应问题上的有效性。文中最后对潜器尾部结构进行了改进,改进前后速度响应幅值曲线的比对表明,增加尾部纵桁结构的刚度对抑制潜器的尾部振动有明显的效果。     

小水线面双体船总振动计算与试验研究

小水线面双体船是一种耐波性较好的双体船,其水线面较小,但湿表面较大,使得附加质量对船体的振动特性影响较大。运用三维水弹性分析方法,以干模态为主坐标,分析小水线面双体船的振动特性。综合考虑波浪中附加质量的影响,得到小水线双体船的各阶主要总振型。同时,对实船进行了总体振型测试,得到相应的振型。计算与试验的结果对比分析显示,它们在该船的各主要振型模态上较为吻合,振型频率也一致,说明测试方法合理,数值计算方法可行。     

三维水弹性集成软件的设计与实现

为了满足三维水弹性软件商用化的应用要求,文章通过对已有三维水弹性程序的使用经验的分析,设计并实现了其前后处理功能模块,形成统一的商用化集成软件。并以某18万吨的散货船为例,利用该商用集成软件进行分析处理,用以进一步展示完成的集成软件的功能。最后给出了软件进一步发展的设想。     

不同海况下艏部砰击及鞭状效应的试验与数值分析

为了更深入地研究船舶的鞭状效应,在拖曳水池中对某船进行了艏部砰击及鞭状效应分段模型试验研究。提出了一种可以考虑砰击力的非线性水弹性计算方法。并改进了传统的分段模型,采用变截面梁对船体刚度进行模拟以更好地接近实船。在规则波迎浪下观察到了严重的艏部砰击现象。试验数据表明,当波高从5.6m增大到21m时,由于鞭状效应原因,总弯矩相比低频波浪弯矩的增大值从24.64%增长到92.02%。最后,将不同海况下的测量结果与基于线性与非线性水弹性理论的计算结果进行了比较分析,初步验证了文中方法和程序在预报船体波浪载荷中的适用性。     

基于改进MPS方法的三维时域水弹性计算模型

本文在作者已有的二维改进MPS(Moving Particle Semi-implicit)方法基础上进行了三维拓展(主要包括三维自由面粒子判断),并通过将计算得到的三维溃坝问题结果与文献中实验结果相对比,验证了所发展模型的准确性。在结构响应计算方面,将刚性和柔性模态耦合并计及相互影响。在此基础上,将流体和结构部分通过迭代方式耦合,从而实现强流固耦合计算。最后,应用上述模型对涉及大刚体位移叠加弹性变形的三维方梁的强非线性时域水弹性问题进行了计算,验证了模型对此类问题的有效性。