桑塔纳轿车座椅总成模拟碰撞数值分析及试验研究

本文应用Ｌｓ－Ｄｙｎａ３ｄ非线性有限元软件和ＳＧＩ Ｐｏｗｅｒ－Ｃｈａｌｌｅｎｇｅ计算机，对桑塔纳轿车前座椅总成进行了碰撞模拟数值分析。为验证分析结果的可靠性，进行了模拟碰撞试验。数值分析和实际的模拟碰撞试验数据比较表明，两者之间具有很强的相关性。     

电子式安全带预紧装置的检修

介绍了电子式安全带预紧装置故障代码的提取方法、故障代码的含义及故障代码的清除，并指出了检修时应注意事项。     

汽车座椅系统安全性综述

汽车座椅是最重要的被动安全系统之一。阐述了汽车座椅设计的安全性能及其影响因素,从乘员约束系统及座椅的结构设计出发,总结了国内外汽车座椅安全性研究的基本方法及相关理论,介绍了相关方法的实施策略,并针对汽车座椅系统及其固定部件的安全性能要求及试验方法作了说明。     

基于测速与测距技术的汽车安全座椅设计

为提高汽车的正面防撞安全性能,降低甚至避免二次碰撞危害,文章特提出一种新型的汽车安全座椅的设计方案。文章介绍了基于测速与测距技术的汽车安全座椅在功能、结构设计及椅背倾角调节等方面的关键问题,并从基础理论的角度进行了可行性验证,说明该技术能提前预测碰撞危险,并及时采取措施避让,提高了汽车的安全性。     

CATIA V5的人机工程功能与应用

在产品设计的过程中,人们越来越多的注重人的需求,随之产生的是对于人机工程的关注。文章介绍了CATIAV5软件人机工程模块的组成和功能,并通过汽车驾驶员座椅设计介绍了人机工程学功能的具体应用。结果表明,CATIAV5具有强大的人机工程功能。随着人们生活水平的提高,人机工程涉及的领域将会越来越广,在以后的设计过程中,人们可以通过应用CATIA对产品进行优化从而得到更好的产品。     

Frequency-based transit assignment considering seat capacities

This paper proposes a frequency-based assignment model that considers travellers probability of finding a seat in their perception of route cost and hence also their route choice. The model introduces a “fail-to-sit” probability at boarding points with travel costs based on the likelihood of travelling seated or standing. Priority rules are considered; in particular it is assumed that standing on-board passengers will occupy any available seats of alighting passengers before newly boarding passengers can fill any remaining seats. At the boarding point passengers are assumed to mingle, meaning that FIFO is not observed, as is the case for many crowded bus and metro stops, particularly in European countries. The route choice considers the common lines problem and an user equilibrium solution is sought through a Markov type network loading process and the method of successive averages. The model is first illustrated with a small example network before being applied to the inner zone of London’s underground network. The effect of different values passengers might attach to finding a seat are illustrated. Applications of the model for transit planning as well as for information provision at the journey planner stage are discussed.     

公路先张梁槽式张拉台座设计

阐述了公路先张梁槽式张拉台座的设计。     

Reduction of capacity and projected costs associated with seat belt installation on school buses

This study examines the potential effects the installation of seat belts on school buses would have on the fleet capacity in Alabama and the resulting cost implications. The study also documents the myriad research studies and professional opinions offered on the potential safety effects of equipping school buses with safety restraints/seat belts. Four seat configurations for the school buses were analyzed. The first configuration represents the most common current bus seating configuration without seat belts, 3 seats on each side of the aisle and 12 rows (3/3-12). The physical space required for seat belt hardware may result in a loss of a row of seats and may reduce the number of students seated per row. Thus, three more configurations were studied: loss of a row of seats (3/3-11), loss of one seat per row (3/2-12), and loss of both a row of seats and a seat per row (3/2-11). The capacity for each configuration for each bus using current pupil loads was determined. The costs associated with installation of seat belts, and purchase and operation of new buses were obtained. Should school bus seat belts become mandatory in Alabama, the results obtained in this study can be used by any school system to determine the optimum configuration for their pupils, which will identify the number of additional buses that must be purchased by the school system. This study found that many of the buses that would become overloaded due to seat belt installation and the resultant loss of seating will be carrying only a few excess pupils. Transportation supervisors may be able to handle such overloads by transferring these pupils to other buses or by adjusting their bus routes to minimize purchase of new buses. Additional suggestions for handling bus overloads were offered in the body of this report.     

汽车座椅动态试验CAE分析及结构优化

通过构建某车型后排座椅骨架的有限元分析模型,根据欧洲经济委员会ECER17法规中关于座椅抗惯性的动态试验标准要求,对某汽车后排座椅进行抗惯性动态试验仿真分析。仿真分析结果揭示了座椅结构的应力集中位置,以及座椅结构中容易导致试验失效的薄弱环节,为正确设计以及合理调整改善结构方案提供了依据。通过优化设计,完善了产品的结构。     

轿车安全带优化设计及模拟计算

安全带中限力器、预张紧器、织带的性能参数是影响车辆安全带系统约束性能的主要因素。采用正交试验设计法，选取织带伸长率、预张紧器开始动作时刻、限力器恒力值以及在该恒力作用下织带的拉出长度为主要因子，提出了安全带优化设计方案。应用MADYMO分析软件建立的模拟计算模型，并提出了夏利7100型轿车的安全带系统优化参数方案。