跨座式单轨平移式道岔结构数值仿真分析

根据相关规范给出平移式道岔结构在列车作用下的动力荷载类型及相应计算方法。为减少计算单元的划分数量、提高计算分析效率,提出单元重分法模拟列车移动加载。运用有限元数值仿真方法,对平移式道岔在列车运行过程中的力学行为和结构安全性进行分析。结果表明:列车运行过程中平移式道岔结构在长台车处产生最大应力,其应力比为0.86,梁体挠度小于规范规定的相应限值,说明在列车运行过程中平移式道岔的强度和刚度均能够满足结构安全性要求;长台车上部连接板的边缘处存在较大的集中应力,因此在道岔结构制造和施工过程中,需确保其焊缝连接强度不小于母材强度。     

舱口盖强度计算方法

在某集装箱舱口盖结构强度的有限元计算中，对舱口盖周围水平限位器和支撑块处的约束以及顶部压紧器处的关联程度进行了模拟，分别讨论了在垂向设计载荷的情况下，水平限位器、支撑块处的不同约束以及顶部压紧器的不同关联程度对舱口盖应力分布的影响，得出更符合实际情况的舱口盖结构强度计算方法。     

基于规范方法的小水线面双体船疲劳强度研究

论文介绍了船舶结构疲劳强度评估基本原理,并对一条2200t级小水线面双体船进行规范法疲劳强度评估。针对小水线面双体船结构特点,采用规范进行疲劳载荷计算；结合全船有限元计算结果进行疲劳部位筛选；采用有限元法提取疲劳部位的热点应力,并计算疲劳部位的累积损伤度。分析计算结果,提出疲劳部位优化方案。     

浮冰冲击作用下的乙烯运输船体 舷侧结构强度分析

对无限航区的21000m3乙烯运输船舷侧结构,分别采用纵骨架式和横骨架式冰区加强设计。根据FSICR规范要求,更新舷侧冰带区域内构件尺寸,并针对艏部冰带区域内船体结构,分别建立了原始的、纵骨架式的和横骨架式的冰带结构设计有限元模型。通过强度计算,认为艏部冰带区新结构满足规范设计载荷要求。在此基础上,单独建立艏货舱冰区舷侧外板板架有限元模型,研究两种新设计形式适用的外板在更大浮冰冲击载荷作用下塑性变形。计算结果表明:纵骨架式结构外板塑性变形明显低于横骨架式。     

双壳船内外底结构强度探讨

文章利用“船舶结构力学”原理,对双壳船中的双层底结构进行受力分析,同时结合现行规范,提出较为切合实际的强度计算公式。     

魏氏组织对齿轮强度的危害及其控制方法

２０ＣｒＭｏ等材料经热轧后，采用锻后余热正火工艺，易产生较为严重的魏氏组织。魏氏组织的存在，可降低材料的断裂韧度，对齿轮强度有致命危害。奥氏体晶粒粗大和一定的冷却速度是魏氏组织形成的主要原因，防止物氏组织发生的关键是控制奥氏体的粗化，介绍了消除魏氏组织的常用方法。     

Optimum design of tilting bogie frame in consideration of fatigue strength and weight

This paper addresses the use of finite-element (FE) analysis to calculate the fatigue strength of a bogie frame, for the development of tilting trains in Korea. A multi-body dynamic analysis was performed to extract the load condition by tilting on curves. Using the results of the multi-body dynamic analysis and the load scenario setout in the UIC standard, FE analysis was performed to obtain the stress distribution and to calculate the fatigue strength. An attempt was made to minimize the weight of the bogie frame using a back-propagation artificial neural network (ANN). The results of this study reveal that the stresses at some nodes are near the fatigue limit in the Goodman diagram and by using back-propagation ANN, the weight of the bogie frame could be reduced by 4.7%.     

Extensive study on the design loads used for strength assessment of tanker and bulk carrier structures

ClassNK has undertaken wide-ranging basic research covering many aspects related to the safety of ship structures, including design loads, structural analysis, strength assessment of buckling, collapse, and fatigue, and rational corrosion margins to develop new design standards which have transparency and consistency. Among the wide-ranging basic research, this article summarizes the results of extensive work on the design loads used for strength assessments of tanker and bulk carrier structures. The main aim of the research was to develop practical estimation methods of design loads with rational technical backgrounds relating to the actual loads acting on the primary structural members of tankers and bulk carriers. During this study, we proposed the following methodology. Design sea states that closely resemble the actual sea states which are considered to be the most severe for hull structures. Find practical estimation methods for the design sea states by parametric studies using the results of series calculations on representative tankers and bulk carriers. Find practical estimation methods for design regular waves which will result in the same level of stresses as those induced in irregular waves under the design sea states. We also briefly introduced some practical estimation methods for the design loads, such as ship motions, accelerations, hull-girder bending moments, and hydrodynamic pressures that are induced under design regular waves. The findings in this study have been summarized and implemented in the new design standards for tanker and bulk carrier structures.Updated from the Japanese original which won the 2003 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2002; 191:195–207; 2002; 191:208–220; and 2002; 192:723–733)     

某型气垫登陆艇燃气涡轮发电机组弹性轴断裂分析

介绍了气垫登陆艇的故障现象,通过故障现象分析,对故障进行了定位,通过对故障件进行理化分析、金相组织分析、断口分析,设计图样与实物的制造符合性分析,最后采用实例建模进行了强度校核,得出某型气垫登陆艇燃气涡轮发电机组弹性轴断裂的故障模式。     

基于Hoek-Brown模型的铁路隧道围岩分级研究

铁路是一种典型的带状交通工程,山区铁路往往穿越多种复杂的地质条件,地质勘察工作量大。为基于常规的地质调查,快速分析出沿线岩层的物理力学参数和围岩分级结果,基于Hoek-Brown强度准则,对岩体宏观物理力学参数进行反演预测,建立基于常规调查和室内试验的围岩宏观力学参数分级模型。同时,采用C#编制岩体宏观力学参数估算软件,应用该软件可以便捷地对岩体的多项宏观物理力学参数进行分析。通过模型各参数的敏感性分析,发现GSI的取值是影响隧道围岩物理力学参数的关键性指标,并重点对道扎子隧道围岩的宏观物理力学参数进行取值研究,基于分析结果对道扎子隧道混合岩地层的围岩进行快速分级,有效地指导工程设计。