我国水运业上市公司竞争力的实证分析

在充分理解企业竞争力的内涵和特点的基础上,从实际可操作性出发,以水运业上市公司2001年年报中的数据资料为依据,利用多元统计分析中的主成分分析方法对我国水运业上市公司的竞争力进行了全面性地定量实证分析,从而希望能为各水运企业的发展规划提供一些指导性的建议。     

Competitiveness of container terminal operating companies in South Korea and the industry–university–government network

Burgeoning container port facilities have fostered intensified competition among container terminal operating companies (CTOCs). However, despite research into their survival strategies which identified antecedents of competitiveness including hard factors such as facilities, available cargo and cargo processing ability, softer factors spanning human resource management, networks and strategic alliances with universities and government agencies in industry–university–government (I–U–G) networks have been overlooked. This study aims to examine both hard and softer antecedents of competitiveness as perceived by 152 professionals in South Korean CTOCs; empirical relationships among these antecedents, I–U–G networks, and competitiveness itself; and the significance of the I–U–G network in establishing and improving competitiveness. Posited antecedents of competitiveness included human resources, facilities, service quality, customer orientation, reputation, and government support policy as independent variables; the I–U–G network as a moderating variable; and competitiveness as a dependent variable. Empirical structural relationships revealed that excepting government support policy, each variable significantly affected CTOC competitiveness. Further, the I–U–G network moderated the relationships between the antecedents of competitiveness and competitiveness. Because an effective I–U–G network was pivotal in controlling CTOC competitiveness, improved competitiveness requires not only differentiation of human resources, facilities, service quality, customer orientation, and reputation factors but also I–U–G network developments.     

Competitiveness and macroeconomic impacts of reduced wait times at U.S. land freight border crossings

We analyze the macroeconomic and trade impacts of reducing wait times by adding one customs officer at each of the twelve major land freight crossings of the U.S. The change in wait time stemming from staffing changes is first estimated on the basis of primary data and then translated into changes in freight costs through a logistical model. The transportation cost changes are then fed into a multi-country computable general equilibrium model. We find that adding one customs officer at each land border crossing would, on average per crossing, generate an increase in U.S. GDP of $350 thousand and 3.58 additional jobs.     

提升我国物流业竞争力的基本要素与条件

以波特的国家竞争优势理论为框架,概括了物流业提升竞争力的基本要素和条件,包括,生产要素、市场需求、相关支持产业和企业自身的能力;阐述了市场经济制度环境条件,以及企业把握市场机会,依据核心竞争力和资源配置优势制定可持续的竞争战略的重要性。分析了国内物流服务市场的发展环境和趋势,以及世界制造中心向国内转移,给物流业发展所带来的机遇。     

以客户为中心的核心竞争力战略定位分析

从实践看,核心竞争力已成为企业成长的重要武器。中国企业只有确立以客户为中心的核心竞争力战略定位,才能在国际竞争中生存与发展。以客户为中心,并不是以客户所有的价值为中心,去满足客户所有的需要,而是取决于公司的战略定位。本文主要从市场竞争战略定位的角度阐述了核心竞争力战略定位:差异化战略、聚焦战略与成本领先战略。     

西南地区海港竞争力对贵州陆港的引力分析

陆港建设可以完善西南地区的外贸运输体系,改变西南地区出口集装箱选择海港的行为,为了分析贵州陆港建设后,西南地区出口集装箱选择海港的行为,基于万有引力定律,开发了海港对陆港的吸引力模型,建立了海港综合竞争力评价体系,并基于层次分析法提出了计算海港综合竞争力的方法。以西南地区可利用的港口为对象,分析了西南地区出口集装箱经由贵阳陆港选择海港的概率,为西南地区的出海通道建设和海港的市场营销提供了理论依据。     

加强施工技术管理,提高企业竞争力

施工企业的技术管理是企业管理的重要组成部分,其优劣关系到施工企业在市场经济中的生命力和竞争力。该文从施工过程、技术文件、科技进步、人员管理等几个方面介绍技术管理。     

The impact of dry port operations on container seaports competitiveness

The concepts of intermodal logistics and distribution networks have made integration of the inland freight distribution system essential for an efficient container seaport system. Inland components, such as dry ports, which exist within the seaport system, have become important in shaping the performance and competitive strategies of container seaports. Owing to the importance of interdependence between dry ports and container seaports, this paper aims to investigate the impact of dry port operations on container seaport competitiveness. It conducted an empirical study in Malaysia through 120 online surveys to key stakeholders of dry ports, including freight forwarders, shippers, seaports, rail operator, shipping lines, and haulers. The data collected were analysed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The results from EFA show that Malaysian dry port operations have impacts on seaport competitiveness. These include enhancing seaport performance, increasing service variations for seaports, improving seaport-hinterland proximity, increasing seaport trade volume, and enhancing seaport capacity.     

基于FAHP-模糊层次分析法的港口综合竞争力评价

港口的综合指标及吞吐货物的集疏运能力是反映港口竞争力的重要表现。借助于模糊层次分析法,以构建港口竞争力评价方法,为港口客观恰当了解和评价自身竞争力及相对水平提供了参考价值,港口可以以此作为分析和寻找自身薄弱环节的措施,有针对性地进行改进。结合实例对方法的有效性和实用性进行验证。