恶劣气象海况下船舶航线的多变量多目标优化建模

气象航线优化是一种复杂的多变量多目标问题.为解决该问题,提出一种可行的船舶气象航线优化方法,以航线转向点和每段航速为优化对象,以船舶特性和动态规避恶劣气象海况为约束条件,以最少航时和最低油耗为优化目标,建立船舶多变量、多动态约束、多目标的气象航线优化模型,并以强度帕累托多目标遗传进化算法为理论基础,构建基于气象海况影响...     

Optimal selection of suspension parameters in large scale vehicle models

Optimum values are selected for the suspension damping and stiffness parameters of complex car models, subjected to road excitation, by applying suitable numerical methodologies. These models result from a detailed finite-element discretisation and possess a relatively large number of degrees of freedom. They also involve strongly nonlinear characteristics, due mostly to large rigid body rotation of some of their components and the properties of the connection elements. First, attention is focused on gaining some insight into the dynamics of the mechanical models examined, resulting when the vehicle passes over roads involving typical geometric profiles. Then, the emphasis is shifted to presenting results obtained by applying appropriate optimisation methodologies. For this purpose, three classes of design criteria are first set up, referring to passenger ride comfort, suspension travel and car road holding and yielding the most important suspension stiffness and damping parameters. Originally, the optimisation is performed by forming a composite cost function and employing a single-objective optimisation method. Since the design criteria are conflicting, a multi-objective optimisation methodology is also set up and applied subsequently.     

基于多目标优化的兴趣点指路标志布设模型

在指路标志的工程应用中,常要为兴趣点规划一条布设指路标志的指引路径.首先,基于道路网络的拓扑表达,考虑指引路径的长度、交通量和设置指路标志的数量,定义了衡量指引路径优劣的多目标搜索路径度量值.其次,以网络分析为基础,建立了搜寻最优指引路径的模型,从给定入口开始,以广度搜索算法在路网上搜索,并动态更新搜索路径的度量值,直至获取优化的指引路径.最后,以广州大学城为试验区域,利用上述模型计算得到了从南沙港快线出口到中山大学的指路标志布设的规划路径.对比规划路径与最短路径的多目标优化度量值表明:规划路径兼顾了布设路径的便捷性和指路标志牌布设成本的特点,模型是可行有效的.     

基于耐撞性的碳纤维/聚丙烯泡沫夹芯板结构优化研究

针对汽车轻量化和耐撞性要求,制备了一种碳纤维/聚丙烯泡沫夹芯板复合结构,结合试验与仿真分析,研究该夹芯板的相关力学性能;对上下面板厚度、夹芯泡沫厚度和密度进行多目标优化,获得泡沫厚度和密度的最优方案;将该结构应用于某汽车顶盖,对夹芯泡沫的分布进行变密度拓扑优化,在保证吸能特性的前提下减轻质量;对该车顶部进行压溃仿真的结果表明,优化后夹芯板汽车顶盖的结构刚度和吸能性能明显提高,且质量大幅减轻,满足了汽车耐撞性和轻量化要求。     

城市公交线路模态工况构建方法研究

采用GPS设备对西安城市公交典型线路的运行工况进行实测,分别运用瞬态转模态方法和多目标优化法构建出城市客车模态工况.以8个特征参数相对误差为标准,对两种方法的精度进行了对比研究.研究表明,两种方法均能有效地完成工况构建,其中多目标优化法精度最高,瞬态转模态方法简单快捷,从而为工况构建方法的选取提供了思路和数据验证.     

考虑不确定性因素的路径优化(英文)

A route optimization methodology in the frame of an onboard decision support/guidance system for the ship’s master has been developed and is presented in this paper.The method aims at the minimization of the fuel voyage cost and the risks related to the ship’s seakeeping performance expected to be within acceptable limits of voyage duration.Parts of this methodology were implemented by interfacing alternative probability assessment methods,such as Monte Carlo,first order reliability method(FORM) and second order reliability method(SORM),and a 3-D seakeeping code,including a software tool for the calculation of the added resistance in waves of NTUA-SDL.The entire system was integrated within the probabilistic analysis software PROBAN.Two of the main modules for the calculation of added resistance and the probabilistic assessment for the considered seakeeping hazards with respect to exceedance levels of predefined threshold values are herein elaborated and validation studies proved their efficiency in view of their implementation into an on-board optimization system.     

舰船用泵技术研究

根据舰船环境以及舰船独特的技术指标,总结了舰船用泵的技术特点,提出了多目标优化设计的方法,并对舰船用泵未来技术走向进行展望。     

数控铣床加工低碳钢零件的进给速度优化

论述了数控铣床加工低碳钢零件时进给速度的优化问题．在基于加工效率（可等效转化为加工工时）和加工成本目标函数的基础上，对这两个目标函数运用多目标函数理论进行综合，得到了多目标综合函数．通过计算，并综合表面粗糙度，进而得到进给速度的优化范围，并对不同转速下的进给速度给出了相应的优化参数，目的更接近生产实际，使技术人员不仅了解影响生产效率和成本的因素，也可在实际生产的应用中更加快捷和方便．     

兼顾公平与效率的入口匝道协调控制

为解决高速公路匝道控制片面追求控制效率而忽略交通公平性的问题,提出一种兼顾公平与效益的入口匝道协调控制策略.定义排队延误基尼系数,有效刻画匝道控制的公平性.基于宏观交通流模型,构建双目标优化模型,优化目标包含反映控制效率的总旅行时间和反映公平性的基尼系数.改进差分演化算法的约束惩罚和罚函数构造方法,使差分演化算法能适于约束多目标优化问题的求解.应用研究表明,改进差分演化方法能获取Pareto最优解,决策者可根据个人喜好选择满意解.     

重型混联式混合动力车辆换挡品质控制参数设计与优化

在重型混联式混合动力车辆换挡过程对发动机和电机进行主动调速的品质控制基础上,针对影响控制品质的换挡操作元件(离合器或制动器)充放油缓冲特性与充放油速率等参数进行了设计,以换挡品质评价指标为优化目标,对缓冲充油速率与接合速差等关键换挡品质控制参数进行了多目标优化。结果表明:研究得到的控制参数使换挡品质大幅提高,符合换挡品质指标要求;研究得到的参数设计与优化方法正确、有效。