城市公交线网差异化计程票价多目标优化

为获取更加接近实际城市公交线网的票价策略，将出行者的社会互动行为与后悔心理引入广义费用，提出线路客流OD矩阵均衡算法；分别以交通管理部门利润最大化及出行者效用最大化为目标，以公交计程票价、发车频率、私家车停车费为变量，建立固定需求下公交线网差异化计程票价多目标优化模型.引入集群智能多目标优化算法求解，并应用于Mandl 标准公交线网.研究发现：以线路里程为标准，差异化计程票制可以有效降低出行成本；依据帕累托最优解调节票价，可以促进出行者选择行为向优势均衡转移.     

基于混沌优化的电力无源滤波器参数设计

针对目前电网谐波治理,考虑到无源滤渡器设计的现状,以及现有优化设计方法中假设条件较多、寻优能力不强等问题,提出了一种无源滤波器的多目标优化设计方法.利用混沌算法,将无源滤波器的初期投资、无功功率补偿、滤波后电网谐波含量作为目标,进行无源滤波器的参数优化设计.实践证明,该方法设计的无源滤波器具有较好的综合性能.     

基于多装船机的散货船智能装载

对散货船使用多装船机进行装载作业的情况,建立以最高装载效率、最佳纵倾和最小化船舶最大静水弯矩值为目标,以浮态、稳性和结构强度为约束条件的散货船智能装载数学模型,使用改进的多目标遗传算法进行求解,得到优化后的Pareto解集,结果表明:该算法能够有效求得该问题的优化解,在实际应用方面具有一定的可行性。     

基于断面客流特征的城市轨道交通行车组织优化方法

以西安地铁4号线为例,基于线路设施和断面客流特征条件,提出了行车组织的优化方法。根据车站条件进行折返适宜度分析以确定小交路区段,分别以乘客服务水平最高和运营成本最小为目标并考虑一定的约束条件构建目标函数,结合Rail Sys软件仿真得到的线路拓扑结构确定了不同交路区段下的列车运行时分及速度,据此标定了模型参数。建立了多目标函数,并利用基于隶属度的算法得到了模糊最优解,求解出大小交路的列车编组数量及行车间隔,给出高峰时段的行车方案。模型计算结果表明,和原设计方案相比,优化方案在满足乘客需求的同时可有效节约运营成本,并显著提高客流时空分布不均衡状态下的线路断面满载率。     

城市轨道交通网络末班车衔接优化模型

城市轨道交通网络运营结束阶段,末班车在路网换乘站内能否实现合理地衔接,最能体现出以人为本的客运服务以及科学高效的运营秩序。根据城市轨道交通网络特点,提出了城市轨道交通网络末班车衔接编制的原则。从站间列车运行时间约束、线间列车换乘衔接、末班列车线间衔接目标等角度,研究了轨道交通网络末班车衔接优化量化方法,建立了网络末班列车衔接优化模型。以北京轨道交通城区1号线、2号线和5号线局部路网为实例,编制了网络末班列车的优化时刻表。算例结果表明,模型及其优化算法可行,对路网运输计划编制工作有较强的实用性。     

基于自动深度学习盾构掘进姿态预测与控制

提出了基于自动深度学习（AutoDL）算法和多目标优化算法的结合可实现数据驱动的姿态偏差控制指导,用于盾构掘进姿态的预测与控制,以解决现有盾构掘进姿态预测中所面临的执行难度高、成本高、效率低等问题,可用于自动精准地预测盾构掘进姿态随着工程进展的动态变化趋势,并针对盾构机施工状态执行多目标优化算法,快速自动搜寻最优策略,实时调整合适的盾构操作参数,减少对于现场操作人员经验和主观判断的依赖。以上海市天然气主干管网崇明岛-长兴岛-浦东新区五号沟LNG站管道工程隧道A线工程为例,展示该算法框架的优越性。研究结果有助于降低深度学习进入盾构智能控制领域的门槛,推动智能盾构发展。     

Balancing energy consumption and risk of delay in high speed trains: A three-objective real-time eco-driving algorithm with fuzzy parameters

Eco-driving is an energy efficient traffic operation measure that may lead to important energy savings in high speed railway lines. When a delay arises in real time, it is necessary to recalculate an optimal driving that must be energy efficient and computationally efficient.In addition, it is important that the algorithm includes the existing uncertainty associated with the manual execution of the driving parameters and with the possible future traffic disturbances that could lead to new delays.This paper proposes a new algorithm to be executed in real time, which models the uncertainty in manual driving by means of fuzzy numbers. It is a multi-objective optimization algorithm that includes the classical objectives in literature, running time and energy consumption, and as well a newly defined objective, the risk of delay in arrival. The risk of delay in arrival measure is based on the evolution of the time margin of the train up to destination.The proposed approach is a dynamic algorithm designed to improve the computational time. The optimal Pareto front is continuously tracked during the train travel, and a new set of driving commands is selected and presented to the driver when a delay is detected.The algorithm evaluates the 3 objectives of each solution using a detailed simulator of high speed trains to ensure that solutions are realistic, accurate and applicable by the driver. The use of this algorithm provides energy savings and, in addition, it permits railway operators to balance energy consumption and risk of delays in arrival. This way, the energy performance of the system is improved without degrading the quality of the service.     

地铁与市郊铁路过轨运营下列车开行方案研究

在分析地铁与市郊铁路过轨运营特点的基础上,以乘客节省的总旅行时间最大化和地铁运营企业增加的总费用最小化为目标函数,建立了过轨运营下列车开行方案双目标规划模型,并设计了基于模糊数学规划的求解算法.以某两条轨道交通线路为算例,研究过轨运营开行方案并对相关参数进行灵敏度分析.研究结果表明,地铁与市郊铁路过轨运营既可节省乘客总旅行时间又可增加运营企业收益,且过轨客流需求越大、过轨站换乘时间越长、过轨方缴纳的过轨费用越少、过轨列车运营组织方案越合理,过轨运营效果越显著.     

Urban single-lane roundabouts: A new analytical approach using multi-criteria and simultaneous multi-objective optimization of geometry design,efficiency and safety

Building safe and effective roundabouts requires optimizing traffic (operational) efficiency (TE) and traffic safety (TS) while taking into account geometric factors, traffic characteristics and local constraints. Most existing simulation-based optimization models do not simultaneously optimize all these factors. To capture the relationship among geometry, efficiency and safety, we put forward a model formulation in this paper. We present a new multi-criteria and simultaneous multi-objective optimization (MOO) model approach to optimize geometry, TE and TS of urban unsignalized single-lane roundabouts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first model that uses the multi-criteria decision-making method known as analytic hierarchy process to evaluate and rank traffic parameters and geometric elements of urban single-lane roundabouts. The model was built based on comprehensive review of the research literature and existing roundabout simulation software, a field survey of 61 civil and traffic expert engineers in Croatia, and field studies of roundabouts in the Croatian capital city of Zagreb. We started from the basis of Kimber’s capacity model, HCM2010 serviceability model, and Maycock and Hall's accident prediction model, which we extended by adding sensitivity analysis and powerful MOO procedures of the bounded objective function method and interactive optimization. Preliminary validation of the model was achieved by identifying the optimal and most robust of three geometric alternatives (V.1-V.3) for an unsignalized single-lane roundabout in Zagreb, Croatia. The geometric parameters in variant V.1 had significantly higher values than in the existing design V.0, while approaches 1 and 3 in variant V.2 were enlarged as much as possible within allowed spatial limits and Croatian guidelines, reflecting their higher traffic demand. Sensitivity analysis indicated that variant V.2 showed the overall highest TE and TS across the entire range of traffic flow demand and pedestrian crossing flow demand at approaches. At the same time, the number of predicted traffic accidents was similar for all three variants, although it was lowest overall for V.2. The similarity in predicted accident frequency for the three variants suggests that V.2 provides the greatest safety within the predefined constraints and parameter ranges explored in our study. These preliminary results suggest that the proposed model can optimize geometry, TE and TS of urban single-lane roundabouts.