基于实数遗传算法的列车优化操纵曲线研究

列车优化操纵是列车节能控制的关键问题，以列车运行动力学方程和牵引计算理论为基础，结合列车运行过程中的要求，构建以能耗、时分误差、限速等为目标的列车节能控制模型，采用实数遗传算法，通过Visual Basic编程对此问题进行求解。在已知列车编组的条件下，以DF4型内燃机车牵引客车、空气制动和燃油量曲线为基础，得到给定运行时间、距离条件下的优化操纵曲线，从而对司机操纵给出指导性意见。     

小波变换在管道泄漏点定位中的应用

当管道发生泄漏时，泄漏诱发的负压波传播到管道上下游监测点时会使该点压力信号幅值产生瞬态下降，利用小波变换模极大值检测压力信号的突变点，从而计算出管道泄漏诱发的负压波传播到上下游监测点的时间差。在MATLAB6．1软件环境下，以某次实验数据为例进行管道泄漏点定位研究。在计算过程中小波基函数选取为Haar小波，尺度水平为6，计算结果表明该方法可以计算出管道泄漏点处诱发的负压波传播到管道上游监测点的时间差，从而为准确定位泄漏点提供了基础。     

Large-scale evacuation network optimization: a bi-level control method with uncertain arterial demand

To improve the efficiency of large-scale evacuations, a network aggregation method and a bi-level optimization control method are proposed in this paper. The network aggregation method indicates the uncertain evacuation demand on the arterial sub-network and balances accuracy and efficiency by refining local road sub-networks. The bi-level optimization control method is developed to reconfigure the aggregated network from both supply and demand sides with contraflow and conflict elimination. The main purpose of this control method is to make the arterial sub-network to be served without congestion and interruption. Then, a corresponding bi-objective network flow model is presented in a static manner for an oversaturated network, and a Genetic Algorithm-based solution method is used to solve the evacuation problem. The numerical results from optimizing a city-scale evacuation network for a super typhoon justify the validity and usefulness of the network aggregation and optimization control methods.     

基于改进BP-GA方法的FPSO舷侧结构耐撞性能优化设计

基于遗传算法和ABAQUS参数化有限元仿真技术,对传统的BP-GA优化方法进行改进,并采用改进的BP-GA方法对浮式生产储油卸油装置(FPSO)舷侧结构的耐撞性能进行优化,以验证其可行性和准确性。结果表明,与传统的BP神经网络相比,经遗传算法优化的BP神经网络具有更高的预测精度和更强的泛化能力;改进的BP-GA优化方法可在结构减重的基础上进一步提高结构的耐撞性能,能较好地适用于复杂的FPSO舷侧结构耐撞性优化设计。采用的优化方法具有通用性,可为抗爆性能的优化设计提供参考。     

Highway voting system: Embracing a possible paradigm shift in traffic data acquisition

The integration of internet and mobile phones has opened the door to a new wave of utilizing private vehicles as probes not only for performance evaluation but for traffic control as well, gradually replacing the role of traffic surveillance systems as the dominant source of traffic data. To prepare for such a paradigm shift, one needs to overcome some key institutional barriers, in particular, the privacy issue. A Highway Voting System (HVS) is proposed to address this issue in which drivers provide link- and/or path-based vehicle data to the traffic management system in the form of “votes” in order to receive favorable service from traffic control. The proposed HVS offers a platform that links data from individual vehicles directly with traffic control. In the system, traffic control responds to voting vehicles in a way similar to the current system responding to prioritized vehicles and providing the requested services accordingly. We show in the paper that the proposed “voting” system can effectively resolve the privacy issue which often hampers traffic engineers from getting detailed data from drivers. Strategies to entice drivers into “voting” so as to increase the market penetration level under all traffic conditions are discussed. Though the focus of the paper is on addressing the institutional issues associated with data acquisition from individual vehicles, other research topics associated with the proposed system are identified. Two examples are given to demonstrate the impact of the proposed system on algorithm development and traffic control.     

基于模糊PID控制的ABS仿真研究

以车轮滑移率为控制对象,分析了模糊控制的理论基础,将传统的模糊控制与经典的PID控制相结合,提出了白适应模糊PID控制算法,并进行了仿真研究.     

基于遗传算法的舰船航速模糊控制研究

研究并建立了舰船航速控制系统的数学模型,并将模糊控制理论应用到该系统,提出了一种基于遗传算法的舰船航速模糊控制新方法。该方法较常规的模糊控制具有更优的控制性能,仿真实验结果表明该方法可行、有效。     

基于改进A*算法的智能车路径规划研究

针对智能车使用A*路径规划算法存在转折点和冗余点的问题,提出一种考虑智能车静态特性的改进A*路径规划算法。在已知静态环境信息的栅格地图上,考虑到智能车自身存在实际宽度,对障碍物进行膨胀扩展;其次根据路径上前后节点相对方向的改变提取必要的转折点,并依次连结前后转折点,若转折点连线不经过障碍物,删除连结转折点之间冗余的转折点;重复上述操作,直至所有冗余点被删除,保留关键转折点。仿真结果表明,该方法可以实现车辆安全无碰撞地到达目标终点。     

基于最小有向距离算法的刀具轨迹计算

本文针对复杂曲面加工中存在的刀具轨迹计算和干涉判断复杂的问题,将最小有向距离算法应用于复杂曲面的加工中。通过对曲面加工原理分析,将求刀触点的问题转化为数学规划问题。实验证明该方法有对曲面适应范围广,计算量小、计算速度快等特点,适用于复杂曲面的加工。     

潜水器多学科设计中的多目标协同优化方法

针对潜水器设计中涉及多个学科的耦合以及数据信息量大、数据关系复杂的问题,文章介绍了一种新的多目标协同优化算法.该方法将Pareto遗传算法(PGA)引入协同优化框架,二者的有机结合充分发挥各自的优势,该方法利用协同方法的分解协调机制将复杂系统的设计问题分解为一个系统级优化问题和几个学科级优化问题.采用PGA作为系统级优化器,不仅可以得到能够反映多目标优化问题实质的、客观的Pareto解集,而且,由于PGA是无需梯度信息的直接搜索算法,从而从根本上消除了协同优化由系统层一致性约束条件引起的收敛困难问题.在PGA与协同优化框架结合的过程中,采用目标函数的归一化处理、分级罚函数法、浮点数编码、群体分级和Paveto解集过滤器等技术提高算法的计算效率和可靠性,并通过一个数学算例和一个载人潜水器的例子证明了多目标协同优化算法的有效性.